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Biology LC > Structure of Flowering Plants > Flashcards

Structure of Flowering Plants Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

What are the two main types of flowering plants?

A
  • Monocotyledons

- Dicotyledons

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2
Q

Name functions of the roots.

A
  • anchors plant
  • absorbs water
  • absorbs minerals
  • transport absorbed minerals into shoot
  • stores food, eg carrots
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3
Q

Name the two root types.

A
  • Tap roots

- Fibrous roots

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4
Q

Describe a tap root.

A

One main root growing from the radicle- carrot

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5
Q

Describe a fibrous root.

A

Many equal sized roots arising from stem base- grass

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6
Q

Name the four root zones.

A
  • Protection zone
  • Meristematic zone
  • Elongation zone
  • Differentiation zone
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7
Q

What is the protection zone?

A

A root cap that protects the cells as the root pushes through the soil.

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8
Q

What is the meristematic zone?

A

New cells are produced by mitosis in this part.

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9
Q

What is a meristem?

A

Is a plant tissue capable of mitosis.

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10
Q

What is the elongation zone?

A

Cells increase in size here.

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11
Q

What is the differentiation zone?

A

Here cells develop into three different types of tissues.

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12
Q

Name the three tissues that cells can develop into in the differentiation zone.

A

-Dermal tissues
-Ground tissues
Vascular tissues

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13
Q

What are herbaceous plants?

A

Are plants that do not contain wood/lignin

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14
Q

What is a node?

A

Is the point on a stem at which a leaf is attached

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15
Q

What is an internode?

A

Is a region on a stem between two nodes

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16
Q

What is a bud?

A

Is a potential growth point that may develop into a shoot, a leaf or a flower

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17
Q

What is a lentical?

A

An opening on a stem for gas exchange

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18
Q

What are the functions of stems?

A
  • Support aerial parts of the plant
  • Transport water and minerals from roots to leaves and flowers
  • Transport food made in leaves to roots
  • May store food
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19
Q

What do the veins in leaves contain?

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A

Vascular tissue

20
Q

What are the functions of leaves?

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A
  • Make food (photosynthesis)
  • gas exchange
  • Transpiration
  • Stores food
21
Q

What is venation?

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A

The pattern of veins in a leaf

22
Q

Describe parallel venation.

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A

Veins that run alongside each other- monocots, eg grasses, daffodils

23
Q

Describe net/reticulate venation.

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A

Branching network

Dicots- eg. horse chestnut

24
Q

What is the function of flowers?

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A

Sexual reproduction

25
Name three types of plant tissues.
- Dermal - Ground - Vascular tissue
26
Describe dermal tissue.
- Covering layer - Main function is protection - Other functions-- root hairs (designed to absorb water and minerals) - Epidermis (coated with waxy cuticle- prevent water loss)
27
Describe ground tissue.
- Found between dermal and vascular tissues - Carries out a range of functions: - Photosynthesis - Storage of food and wastes - Strength and support
28
Name two types of vascular tissue.
- Xylem | - Phloem
29
What is the function of vascular tissue.
To transport tissue.
30
What is the function of xylem?
- Mechanical support - Transports water - Transports minerals
31
What is the function of phloem?
Transports food.
32
What is xylem structure made up of?
- Two types of cell - Xylem tracheids - Xylem vessels
33
Describe xylem tracheids.
- On maturity is dead, hollow and contains no cytoplasm. - Are more primitive than vessels - Only type of xylem found in conifers (pine trees)
34
Describe xylem vessels.
- On maturity is dead, hollow and contains no cytoplasm. - Wider than tracheids - Continuous tube - More efficient at transporting water than tracheids - Found in flowering plants
35
Describe phloem.
- Walls are made of cellulose- no lignin - Sieve tube - Transport food - Companion cells - Have a nucleus and dense cytoplasm. - Control the activities of the sieve tube elemetns
36
How many cotyledons are in monocotyledons?
One.
37
How many cotyledons are in dicotyledons?
Two.
38
Leaf venation in monocots?
Parallel
39
Leaf venation in dicots?
Netted
40
Monocots are almost all....
Herbaceous
41
Dicots may be....
Herbaceous or woody
42
Monocots have _ flower parts.
In threes.
43
Dicots have _ flower parts.
In fours and fives.
44
Arrangement of vascular bundles in the stem in: monocots
Scattered in the stem
45
Arrangement of vascular bundles in the stem in: dicots
In a ring pattern
46
Give an example of a monocot.
Grass
47
Give an example of a dicot.
Buttercup

Biology LC (28 decks)

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