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A Level Biology - Cells > Structure Of Prokaryotic Cells And Of Viruses > Flashcards

Structure Of Prokaryotic Cells And Of Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Example of prokaryotic cells (2)

A

Bacteria
Archaea

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2
Q

Prokaryotic cells are much ……. Then eukaryotic cells

A

Smaller

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3
Q

Prokaryotic cells lack….

A

Membrane bond organelles

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4
Q

What does having no nucleus in prokaryotic cells mean for the DNA

A

Singular circular DNA molecule that is free in the cytoplasm and is not associated with any proteins
Can contain plasmids

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5
Q

What do plasmids contain

A

Small number of genes - can make it resistant to antibiotics

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6
Q

In prokaryotic cells the ribosomes are ….. (give specific size number)

A

Smaller
70S

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7
Q

What is the cell wall in bacteria made of

A

Glycoprotein aka murein

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8
Q

What is peptidoglycan

A

A polymer formed between peptides and polysaccharide molecules

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9
Q

What is the function of the bacteria cell wall

A

Helps maintain structure of the cell

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10
Q

What do some bacteria produce on the outside of the cell
(What does it do)

A

Slime capsule
Protects from phagocytosis

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11
Q

Some prokaryotic cells contain ….. to help them move

A

flagellum

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12
Q

What are pili

A

Fine protein strands on bacteria

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13
Q

What are the fine protein strands on bacteria called

A

Pili

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14
Q

What do pili do

A

Help bacteria attach to surfaces or onto each other and share DNA

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15
Q

What are the nutrient stores in bacteria

A

Lipid droplets
Glycogen granules

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16
Q

What is a mesosome

A

Infolding in the cells membrane of prokaryotic cells created when preparing the bacteria cell
(Look like a whit hole star thingy)

17
Q

Viruses can only reproduce…

A

When inside a host cell

18
Q

Do viruses have genetic material

A

Yes

19
Q

What is the genetic material in a virus contained in

A

A protein structure called a capsid

20
Q

What is found on the surface of a virus

A

Attachment proteins

21
Q

What is the capsid sometimes surrounded by

A

A lipid envelope

22
Q

What does acellular mean

A

Not based on cells

23
Q

Why a viruses counted as non-living

A

They cannot reproduce by themselves

24
Q

How do bacteria divide

A

Binary fission

25
Q

Function of attachment protein

A

Let viruses cling onto suitable host cell

26
Q

What is another name for protein attachments

A

Protein antigens

27
Q

Why would there be a faster rate of plasmid replication in an area with high amino acid concentrations

A

Amino acids used in respiration
More energy for plasmid replication

28
Q

Difference in DNA between nucleus of plant cell and in DNA in prokaryotic cell x5

A

Histones. / no histones
No plasmids. / plasmids
Longer. / shorter
Introns. / no introns
Linear. / circular

29
Q

Name an organelle found in both chloroplast and prokaryotic cells

A

Ribosomes

A Level Biology - Cells (6 decks)

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