Structures

Question 1

Compression

Answer 1

Forces acting towards each other at the same time

Question 2

Tension

Answer 2

Forces acting away from each other

Question 3

Shear

Answer 3

Opposite acting forces acting parallel across a surface

Question 4

Strain

Answer 4

-plastic brittle

Resulting not deformation of rock

Question 5

Convergent

Answer 5

Compression

Question 6

Tension

Answer 6

Divergent

Question 7

Shear

Answer 7

Transform

Question 8

Brittle

Answer 8

Near surface

Results in fractures and faults

Question 9

Plastic

Answer 9

Great depth

Results in folds

Question 10

Factors that affect deformation

Answer 10

Temp
Pressure
Strain rate
Rock type

Question 11

What determines weather a rock will fold or fault

Answer 11

4 factors

Question 12

Planar features

Answer 12

Anything that is sheet like.

Ex. Dikes, sills, lava flows, faults

Question 13

Strike

Answer 13

Direction of layer as it intersects with horizontal surface

Question 14

Dip

Answer 14

Acute angle between the Rick later and surface

-perp to strike

Question 15

Joints

Answer 15

Cracks in rocks where there is no movement

Question 16

Joints are

Answer 16

Planar features

Question 17

If one Rock has joints in different directions these are called ….

Answer 17

Joint sets

Question 18

If there is movement it is called

Answer 18

Faults

Question 19

Hanging wall

Answer 19

Moves down

Question 20

Normal fault

Answer 20

Hanging wall moves down

Football moves up

Question 21

Graben

Answer 21

Wedge of land that moves down

Question 22

Horst

Answer 22

Wedge moves up

Question 23

Reverse fault

Answer 23

Hanging wall moves up
Football moves down
(Compression)

Question 24

Thrust faults

Answer 24

Low angle reverse faults

Question 25

Strike slip faults

Answer 25

Motion of the fault blocks is parallel to the strike direction

Question 26

Axial plane

Answer 26

The plane of mirror symmetry dividing the folds

Question 27

Axis or hinge

Answer 27

Line formed by the intersection of the axial plane

Question 28

Horizontal fold

Answer 28

Fold where axis is horizontal

Question 29

Plunging fold

Answer 29

Fold where the axis is not horizontal

Question 30

Sync line

Answer 30

Upward bending | Younger in middle

Question 31

Anticline

Answer 31

Downward bending | Oldest in middle

Question 32

Asymmetrical folds

Answer 32

Beds in one limb dip more steeply than in other limb

Question 33

Plunging anticline

Answer 33

Always plunge in direction of structures closing

Question 34

Plunging sync line

Answer 34

Plunge in direction of structures opening

Question 35

Dome

Answer 35

Bc place | Oldest in middle

Question 36

Basin

Answer 36

Bowl | Youngest in middle

Question 37

Unconfirmity

Answer 37

No deposition, erosion and seperate strata from older Gap in time record

Question 38

3 types of unconformaties

Answer 38

Disconfirmity Angular conformity Non conformity

Question 39

Disconformity

Answer 39

``` Between parallel layers Most difficult to identify 1) ocean leaves 2)erosion 3) ocean returns 4) deposition ```

Question 40

Angular unconformity

Answer 40

Erosion all surface on tilted or folded layers with younger flat layers on top 1) fold 2) erode 3) deposition 4) horizontal layer

Question 41

Nonconformity

Answer 41

Erosion surface between sedimentary and non sedimentary rock Igneous intrusion but sed rocks younger

Question 42

Law of superposition

Answer 42

Older on bottom | Younger on top

Question 43

Law of horizontality

Answer 43

Sedimentary beds laid down horizontal

Question 44

Cross cutting

Answer 44

Any event that disturbs rock layer must be younger than the layer it diatrubs

Question 45

Stress

Answer 45

- Compression, tension, shear | - force applied

Question 46

Thrust faults most likely occur at

Answer 46

Convergent

Question 47

What faulting occurs for tensional stresses

Answer 47

Normal

Question 48

Normal is due to

Answer 48

Tension

Question 49

Reverse is due to

Answer 49

Compression

Question 50

Hanging all moves _____ for normal and ______ for reverse

Answer 50

Down and up

Question 51

In a dome the middle is

Answer 51

Oldest

Question 52

In a basin the middle is

Answer 52

Youngest

Question 53

What type of plugins could have strike and dip

Answer 53

Joints, fractures, faults, sills, dike, lava

Question 54

In a reverse fault

Answer 54

Older rock may be pushed over younger rock

Question 55

Thrust faults would occur at boundaries that are

Answer 55

Convergent

Question 56

Elastic material is

Answer 56

One that returns to its original shape

Question 57

What would occur when compression occurs

Answer 57

Reverse fault

Question 58

Rock mountains got there by

Answer 58

Thrust faulting

Question 59

Vertical column like fracture shown in photo are

Answer 59

Joints by fraction