Study And Work Flashcards
1
Q
Nursery school
A
a school for young children, mainly between the ages of three and five.
2
Q
Primary school
A
دبستان
3
Q
Invigilator
A
مراقب امتحان
4
Q
Disqualify
A
pronounce (someone) ineligible for an office, activity, or competition because of an offense or infringement.
“he was disqualified from driving for six months”
synonyms: out of the running, ruled out, knocked out
5
Q
Tutor
A
a private teacher, typically one who teaches a single student or a very small group.
“a voluntary tutor in adult literacy”
synonyms: teacher, instructor, educator, educationalist, educationist, academic, lecturer, don, coach
6
Q
Debate
A
a formal discussion on a particular topic in a public meeting or legislative assembly, in which opposing arguments are put forward.
“last night’s debate on the Education Bill”
synonyms: velitation, contestation
7
Q
Revision
A
the action of revising.
“the plan needs drastic revision”
synonyms: reconsideration, review, re-examination, reassessment, re-evaluation, reappraisal, rethinking, rethink, thinking over
8
Q
Vacancy
A
an unoccupied position or job.
“a vacancy for a shorthand typist”
synonyms: berth
9
Q
Sector
A
an area or portion that is distinct from others.
“operations in the southern sector of the North Sea”
synonyms: district, quarter, part, section, zone, precinct, borough, locality, neighborhood
10
Q
Priest
A
an ordained minister of the Catholic, Orthodox, or Anglican Church having the authority to perform certain rites and administer certain sacraments.
“the priest celebrated mass at a small altar off the north transept”
synonyms: clergyman, clergywoman, minister (of religion), cleric, ecclesiastic, pastor, parson, churchman, churchwoman
11
Q
Clerical
A
(of a job or person) concerned with or relating to work in an office, especially routine documentation and administrative tasks.
“temps are always needed for clerical work”
synonyms: office, desk, back-room, administrative, secretarial, writing, typing, keyboarding, filing
12
Q
Allowance
A
the amount of something that is permitted, especially within a set of regulations or for a specified purpose.
“a seventy-five-pound baggage allowance”
13
Q
Paternity
A
(especially in legal contexts) the state of being someone’s father.
“he refused to admit paternity of the child”
synonyms: fathership
14
Q
Entitlement
A
the fact of having a right to something.
“full entitlement to fees and maintenance should be offered”
synonyms: right, prerogative, claim, title, license, permission, dispensation, privilege, liberty
15
Q
Canteen
A
a restaurant provided by an organization such as a military camp, college, factory, or company for its soldiers, students, staff, etc.
synonyms: cafe de move-on
16
Q
Accountable
A
(of a person, organization, or institution) required or expected to justify actions or decisions; responsible.
“parents could be held accountable for their children’s actions”
synonyms: answerable, responsible, reporting, subject, under the charge of, bound to obey, obeying, bound by
17
Q
Insight
A
the capacity to gain an accurate and deep intuitive understanding of a person or thing.
“this paper is alive with sympathetic insight into Shakespeare”
synonyms: nous, horse sense, savvy
18
Q
Solely
A
not involving anyone or anything else; only.
“he is solely responsible for any debts the company may incur”
synonyms: only, simply, just, merely, uniquely, exclusively, entirely, completely, absolutely
19
Q
Encounter
A
unexpectedly experience or be faced with (something difficult or hostile).
“we have encountered one small problem”
synonyms: experience, come into contact with, run into, come across, come up against, face, be faced with, confront, be forced to contend with
20
Q
Encroach
A
intrude on (a person’s territory or a thing considered to be a right).
“rather than encroach on his privacy she might have kept to her room”
synonyms: entrench on
21
Q
Morale
A
the confidence, enthusiasm, and discipline of a person or group at a particular time.
“their morale was high”
synonyms: confidence, self-confidence, self-esteem, spirit, spirits, esprit de corps, team spirit, state of mind, heart
22
Q
Foster
A
encourage or promote the development of (something, typically something regarded as good).
“the teacher’s task is to foster learning”
synonyms: encourage, promote, further, stimulate, advance, forward, cultivate, nurture, strengthen
23
Q
Stifle
A
make (someone) unable to breathe properly; suffocate.
“those in the streets were stifled by the fumes”
synonyms: boiling
24
Q
Enterprise
A
a project or undertaking, typically one that is difficult or requires effort.
“a joint enterprise between French and Japanese companies”
synonyms: undertaking, endeavor, venture, pursuit, exercise, activity, operation, exploit, mission
25
Initiative
the ability to assess and initiate things independently.
"use your initiative, imagination, and common sense"
synonyms: get-up-and-go, zing, push, pep, zip, punch, pizzazz
26
Imminent
about to happen.
"they were in imminent danger of being swept away"
synonyms: in the cards
27
Bid
offer (a certain price) for something, especially at an auction.
"a consortium of dealers bid a world record price for a snuff box"
synonyms: offer, make an offer of, put in a bid of, put up, tender, proffer, propose, submit, put forward
28
Backing
support or help.
"he accepted the backing of the police group"
synonyms: sponsorship, funding, financing, promotion, patronage, money, investment, funds, finance
29
Divided
split into parts; separated.
| "the deputy came back, carrying a divided metal plate and a cup"
30
Clinch
confirm or settle (a contract or bargain).
"to clinch a business deal"
synonyms: sew up, wrap up, string, button up
31
Wind up
an act of concluding or finishing something.
| "the windup of the convention"
32
Wriggle out
دست و پا کردن
33
Lure
tempt (a person or animal) to do something or to go somewhere, especially by offering some form of reward.
"the child was lured into a car but managed to escape"
synonyms: tempt, entice, attract, induce, coax, persuade, inveigle, allure, seduce
34
Entice
attract or tempt by offering pleasure or advantage.
"a show that should entice a new audience into the theater"
synonyms: tempting, alluring, attractive, appealing, fetching, inviting, glamorous, captivating, seductive
35
Settle
resolve or reach an agreement about (an argument or problem).
"every effort was made to settle the dispute"
synonyms: resolve, sort out, reach an agreement about, find a solution to, find an answer to, solve, clear up, bring to an end, fix
36
Soar
fly or rise high in the air.
"the bird spread its wings and soared into the air"
synonyms: fly up, wing, wing its way, take off, take flight, take to the air, ascend, climb, rise
37
Rally
(of troops) come together again in order to continue fighting after a defeat or dispersion.
"De Montfort's troops rallied and drove back the king's infantry"
synonyms: reassemble, regroup, re-form, reunite, gather together again, get together again, round up
38
Buoyant
able or apt to stay afloat or rise to the top of a liquid or gas.
synonyms: able to float, light, floating
39
Snap up
ضربه محکم و ناگهانی
40
Plummet
fall or drop straight down at high speed.
"a climber was killed when he plummeted 300 feet down an icy gully"
synonyms: plunge, fall headlong, hurtle, nosedive, dive, drop, crash, descend rapidly
41
Slump
sit, lean, or fall heavily and limply, especially with a bent back.
"she slumped against the cushions"
synonyms: plonk oneself, plop oneself
42
Slash
cut (something) with a violent sweeping movement, typically using a knife or sword.
"a tire was slashed on my car"
synonyms: rend
43
Wipe off
پاک کردن
44
Turmoil
a state of great disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty.
"the country was in turmoil"
synonyms: in confusion, in a whirl, at sixes and sevens, reeling, spinning, disorientated
45
Volatile
(of a substance) easily evaporated at normal temperatures.
"volatile solvents such as petroleum ether, hexane, and benzene"
synonyms: labile
46
Turbulence
violent or unsteady movement of air or water, or of some other fluid.
"the plane shuddered as it entered some turbulence"
synonyms: roughness, storminess, tempestuousness, heaviness, violence, wildness, choppiness, agitation
47
Contradicting
deny the truth of (a statement) by asserting the opposite.
"the survey appears to contradict the industry's claims"
synonyms: deny, refute, rebut, dispute, counter, say the opposite of
48
Equity
the quality of being fair and impartial.
"equity of treatment"
synonyms: fairness, fair-mindedness, justness, justice, equitableness, fair play, impartiality, even-handedness, lack of discrimination/bias/prejudice/bigotry
49
Underpin
support (a building or other structure) from below by laying a solid foundation below ground level or by substituting stronger for weaker materials.
50
Corporate
relating to a corporation, especially a large company or group.
"airlines are very keen on their corporate identity"
51
Debt burden
بار بدهی
52
Yield
produce or provide (a natural, agricultural, or industrial product).
"the land yields grapes and tobacco"
53
Underlying
be a significant cause or basis of (something) even if not necessarily manifest or obvious.
"the fundamental issue that underlies the conflict"
54
Sum
a particular amount of money.
"they could not afford such a sum"
synonyms: amount of money, price, charge, fee, cost, tariff
55
Dry up
خشک شدن
56
mount up
سوار شدن
57
Thrifty
(of a person or their behavior) using money and other resources carefully and not wastefully.
"he had been brought up to be thrifty and careful"
synonyms: careful with money, provident, prudent, canny, economical, frugal, energy-efficient, energy-saving, fuel-efficient
58
Squander
waste (something, especially money or time) in a reckless and foolish manner.
"entrepreneurs squander their profits on expensive cars"
synonyms: waste, misspend, misuse, throw away, dissipate, fritter away, run through, lose, lavish
59
Subtract
take away (a number or amount) from another to calculate the difference.
"subtract 43 from 60"
synonyms: knock off, minus
60
Contingency
a future event or circumstance which is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty.
"a detailed contract that attempts to provide for all possible contingencies"
synonyms: eventuality, (chance) event, incident, happening, occurrence, juncture, possibility, accident, chance
61
Shortfall
a deficit of something required or expected.
| "they are facing an expected $10 billion shortfall in revenue"
62
Bail out
an act of giving financial assistance to a failing business or economy to save it from collapse.
63
Jot down
یادداشت کردن
64
Ruthlessly
without pity or compassion for others.
| "they fell prey to money lenders who ruthlessly exploited them"
65
Anticipate
پیشبینی
66
Delegate
a person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference.
"congress delegates rejected the proposals"
synonyms: representative, envoy, emissary, commissioner, agent, deputy, commissary, spokesperson, spokesman
67
Rigorous
extremely thorough, exhaustive, or accurate.
"the rigorous testing of consumer products"
synonyms: nice, overnice, laborious
68
Inundated
overwhelm (someone) with things or people to be dealt with.
"we've been inundated with complaints from listeners"
synonyms: overwhelm, overpower, overburden, overrun, overload, swamp, bog down, besiege, snow under
69
Interminable
endless (often used hyperbolically).
"we got bogged down in interminable discussions"
synonyms: innumerous, unnumberable
70
Promptly
with little or no delay; immediately.
"he paid the fine promptly"
synonyms: quickly, swiftly, rapidly, speedily, fast, as soon as possible, ASAP, expeditiously, at once
71
Plague
a contagious bacterial disease characterized by fever and delirium, typically with the formation of buboes ( bubonic plague ) and sometimes infection of the lungs ( pneumonic plague ).
"an outbreak of plague"
72
Pile up
a crash involving several vehicles.
| synonyms: smash-up, shunt, prang
73
Hectic
full of incessant or frantic activity.
"a hectic business schedule"
synonyms: heaving, like Piccadilly Circus
74
Neglect
fail to care for properly.
"the old churchyard has been sadly neglected"
synonyms: run down, derelict, dilapidated, tumbledown, ramshackle, untended, unmaintained, overgrown, uncultivated
75
Hum
make a low, steady continuous sound like that of a bee.
"the computers hummed"
synonyms: susurrate, bombinate
76
Sniff
draw in air audibly through the nose to detect a smell, to stop it from running, or to express contempt.
"his dog sniffed at my trousers"
synonyms: inhale, snuffle, breathe in, snuff (up)
77
Giggle
laugh lightly in a nervous, affected, or silly manner.
"they giggled at some private joke"
synonyms: titter, snigger, snicker, tee-hee, give a half-suppressed laugh, chuckle, chortle, smirk, sneer
78
Handover
تحویل دادن
79
Dispute
a disagreement, argument, or debate.
"a territorial dispute between the two countries"
synonyms: broil, miff
80
Halt
bring or come to an abrupt stop.
"there is growing pressure to halt the bloodshed"
synonyms: pull the plug on, put the kibosh one
81
Privatisation
the transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
"the workers are opposing the privatization of the national rail company"
82
Stake
a strong wooden or metal post with a point at one end, driven into the ground to support a tree, form part of a fence, act as a boundary mark, etc.
synonyms: palisade
83
Precedent
an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.
"there are substantial precedents for using interactive media in training"
synonyms: model, exemplar, example, pattern, previous case, prior case, previous instance/example, prior instance/example, paradigm
84
Inclined
leaning or turning away from the vertical or horizontal; sloping.
"an inclined ramp"
85
Intervene
come between so as to prevent or alter a result or course of events.
"he acted outside his authority when he intervened in the dispute"
synonyms: intercede, involve oneself, get involved, interpose oneself, insinuate oneself, step in, cut in, mediate, arbitrate
86
Proactive
(of a person, policy, or action) creating or controlling a situation by causing something to happen rather than responding to it after it has happened.
"be proactive in identifying and preventing potential problems"
synonyms: enterprising, take-charge, energetic, driven, bold, dynamic, motivated, go-ahead
87
Prudent
acting with or showing care and thought for the future.
"no prudent money manager would authorize a loan without first knowing its purpose"
synonyms: thrifty, provident, economical, canny, sparing, frugal, abstemious, scrimping
88
Wise
having or showing experience, knowledge, and good judgment.
"she seems kind and wise"
synonyms: sage, sagacious, intelligent, clever, learned, with/showing great knowledge, knowledgeable, informed, enlightened
89
Procrastinate
delay or postpone action; put off doing something.
"it won't be this price for long, so don't procrastinate"
synonyms: delay, put off doing something, postpone action, defer action, be dilatory, use delaying tactics, stall, temporize, play for time
90
Dismiss
order or allow to leave; send away.
"she dismissed the taxi at the corner of the road"
synonyms: send away, let go, release, free, disband, disperse, dissolve, discharge, demobilize
91
Misconduct
unacceptable or improper behavior, especially by an employee or professional person.
"she was found guilty of professional misconduct by a disciplinary tribunal"
synonyms: misbehavior, bad behavior, misdeeds, misdemeanors, disorderly conduct, badness, mischief, naughtiness, rudeness
92
Menial
(of work) not requiring much skill and lacking prestige.
"menial factory jobs"
synonyms: unskilled, lowly, humble, low-grade, low-status, routine, humdrum, boring, dull
93
Errands
a short journey undertaken in order to deliver or collect something, especially on someone else's behalf.
"she asked Tim to run an errand for her"
synonyms: task, job, chore, assignment, collection, delivery, shopping, trip, run
94
Sweated
exude sweat.
"he was sweating profusely"
synonyms: sudate
95
Turnover
the amount of money taken by a business in a particular period.
"a turnover approaching $4 million"
synonyms: (gross) revenue, income, yield, volume of business, business, sales
96
Grasped
seize and hold firmly.
"she grasped the bottle"
synonyms: grip, clutch, clasp, hold, clench, lay hold of, catch, seize, grab
97
Foregone
omit or decline to take (something pleasant or valuable); go without.
"she wanted to forgo the dessert and leave while they could"
synonyms: do without, go without, give up, waive, renounce, surrender, disavow, relinquish, part with
98
Widespread
found or distributed over a large area or number of people.
"there was widespread support for the war"
synonyms: general, extensive, universal, common, global, worldwide, international, omnipresent, ubiquitous
99
Conviction
a formal declaration that someone is guilty of a criminal offense, made by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law.
"she had a previous conviction for a similar offense"
synonyms: declaration/pronouncement of guilt, sentence, judgment
100
Harshly
in a manner that is unpleasantly rough or jarring to the senses.
"the offices are harshly lit by fluorescent lights"
101
Laterally
at, toward, or from the side or sides; sideways.
| "use slide steps to move laterally"
102
Speculation
the forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence.
"there has been widespread speculation that he plans to quit"
synonyms: gamble, venture, risk, gambling, investment
103
Allocating
distribute (resources or duties) for a particular purpose.
"the authorities allocated 50,000 places to refugees"
synonyms: divvy up, dish out
104
Bracket
each of a pair of marks [ ] used to enclose words or figures so as to separate them from the context.
"symbols are given in brackets"
synonyms: parenthesis, brace, round bracket, square bracket, angle bracket, curly bracket
105
Segment
each of the parts into which something is or may be divided.
"a large segment of the local population"
synonyms: subdivision, division, fraction, part, portion, section, constituent, element, unit
106
Viral
of the nature of, caused by, or relating to a virus or viruses.
"a severe viral infection"
107
Airtime
time during which a broadcast is being transmitted.
| "advertising takes up half the airtime on that radio station"
108
Survey
(of a person or their eyes) look carefully and thoroughly at (someone or something), especially so as to appraise them.
"her green eyes surveyed him coolly"
synonyms: behold
109
Kick up
لگد زدن
110
Fuss
a display of unnecessary or excessive excitement, activity, or interest.
"I don't know what all the fuss is about"
synonyms: pother
111
Agility
ability to move quickly and easily.
| "though he was without formal training as dancer or athlete, his physical agility was inexhaustible"
112
Wander
walk or move in a leisurely, casual, or aimless way.
"he wandered aimlessly through the narrow streets"
synonyms: peregrinate
113
Exhaustive
examining, including, or considering all elements or aspects; fully comprehensive.
"she has undergone exhaustive tests since becoming ill"
synonyms: wall-to-wall
114
Truant
a student who stays away from school without leave or explanation.
synonyms: skiver, wag
115
Hypotheses
a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
"professional astronomers attacked him for popularizing an unconfirmed hypothesis"
synonyms: theory, theorem, thesis, conjecture, supposition, speculation, postulation, postulate, proposition
116
Critique
a detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory.
"a critique of Marxist historicism"
synonyms: anatomization
117
Rationale
a set of reasons or a logical basis for a course of action or a particular belief.
"he explained the rationale behind the change"
synonyms: reason(s), reasoning, thinking, (logical) basis, logic, grounds, sense, principle, theory
118
Vigorous
strong, healthy, and full of energy.
"a tall, vigorous, and muscular man"
synonyms: robust, healthy, in good health, hale and hearty, strong, strong as an ox/horse/lion, sturdy, fine, fit
119
Thrust
push (something or someone) suddenly or violently in the specified direction.
"she thrust her hands into her pockets"
synonyms: impose, force, foist, push, unload, inflict, obtrude, press, urge
120
Critically
in a way that expresses disapproval.
| "a designer spoke critically of capitalism"
121
Tertiary
third in order or level.
| "the tertiary stage of the disease"
122
Handouts
something given free to a needy person or organization.
"hundreds of thousands of refugees subsist on international handouts"
synonyms: dole
123
Preparation
the action or process of making ready or being made ready for use or consideration.
"the preparation of a draft contract"
synonyms: instruction, teaching, education, coaching, training, tutoring, pedagogy, andragogy, inculcation
124
Bankrupt
(of a person or organization) declared in law unable to pay outstanding debts.
"his father went bankrupt and the family had to sell their home"
synonyms: insolvent, bankrupted, failed, ruined, wiped out, gone under, in debt, owing money, in the red
125
Ceased
bring or come to an end.
"the hostilities had ceased and normal life was resumed"
synonyms: bring to an end, bring to a halt, bring to a stop, end, halt, stop, conclude, terminate, finish
126
Groundbreaking
breaking new ground; innovative; pioneering.
"groundbreaking research into fertility problems"
synonyms: innovative, inventive, creative, disruptive, innovatory, innovational, seminal, original, new
127
Concise
giving a lot of information clearly and in a few words; brief but comprehensive.
"a concise account of the country's history"
synonyms: snappy
128
Strenuously
in a way that requires great physical exertion.
| "drink more if you're exercising strenuously"
129
Irrefutable
impossible to deny or disprove.
"irrefutable evidence"
synonyms: irrefragable, apodictic
130
Tentative
not certain or fixed; provisional.
"a tentative conclusion"
synonyms: provisional, unconfirmed, unsettled, indefinite, penciled in, preliminary, to be confirmed, TBC, subject to confirmation
131
Plagiarism
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.
"there were accusations of plagiarism"
synonyms: copying, infringement of copyright, piracy, theft, stealing, poaching, appropriation
132
Convincing
capable of causing someone to believe that something is true or real.
"there is no convincing evidence that advertising influences total alcohol consumption"
synonyms: cogent, persuasive, powerful, potent, strong, forceful, compelling, irresistible, telling
133
Profoundly
to a profound extent; extremely.
| "a profoundly disturbing experience"
134
Blazer
a lightweight jacket, typically solid-colored, often worn as part of a uniform by members of a club, sports team, or school.
135
Cardigan
a knitted sweater fastening down the front, typically with long sleeves.
136
Pinafore
a sleeveless apron-like garment worn over a young girl's dress, typically having ties or buttons at the back.
137
Pumps
a woman's plain, lightweight shoe that has a low-cut upper, no fastening, and typically a medium heel.
138
Tracksuit
لباس ورزشی
139
Compass
an instrument containing a magnetized pointer which shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it.
"walkers should be equipped with a map and compass"
140
Protractor
an instrument for measuring angles, typically in the form of a flat semicircle marked with degrees along the curved edge.
141
Lectern
a tall stand with a sloping top to hold a book or notes, from which someone, typically a preacher or lecturer, can read while standing up.
142
Mainstream
the ideas, attitudes, or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional; the dominant trend in opinion, fashion, or the arts.
"companies that are bringing computers to the mainstream of American life"
143
Grammar school
(in the UK) a state secondary school to which pupils are admitted on the basis of ability. Since 1965 most have been absorbed into the comprehensive school system.
144
Cram
completely fill (a place or container) to the point that it appears to be overflowing.
"the ashtray by the bed was crammed with cigarette butts"
synonyms: stuff, pack, jam, fill, crowd, throng, overfill, fill up, fill to overflowing
145
Autistic
a developmental disorder of variable severity that is characterized by difficulty in social interaction and communication and by restricted or repetitive patterns of thought and behavior.
146
Howl
a long, loud, doleful cry uttered by an animal such as a dog or wolf.
synonyms: baying, bay, howling, crying, cry, yowl, yowling, bark, barking
147
Contrary
opposite in nature, direction, or meaning.
"he ignored contrary advice and agreed on the deal"
synonyms: backasswards
148
Diagnosis
the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms.
"early diagnosis and treatment are essential"
synonyms: opinion, prognosis, judgment, verdict, pronouncement, conclusion, interpretation, solution, result
149
Realisation
an act of becoming fully aware of something as a fact.
"there was a growing realization of the need to create common economic structures"
synonyms: awareness, understanding, comprehension, consciousness, apprehension, cognizance, appreciation, recognition, perception
150
Devastating
highly destructive or damaging.
"a devastating cyclone struck Bangladesh"
synonyms: destructive, ruinous, disastrous, catastrophic, calamitous, cataclysmic, pernicious, noxious, harmful
151
Hyphenated
write with a hyphen.
| "a hyphenated surname"
152
Dismay
consternation and distress, typically that caused by something unexpected.
"to his dismay, she left him"
synonyms: alarm, shock, surprise, consternation, concern, perturbation, disquiet, disquietude, discomposure
153
Levy
impose (a tax, fee, or fine).
"a new tax could be levied on industry to pay for cleaning up contaminated land"
synonyms: mulct
154
Inflation
the action of inflating something or the condition of being inflated.
"the inflation of a balloon"
155
Borrowing
the action of borrowing something.
| "the group had total borrowings of $570 million"
156
Simplified
make (something) simpler or easier to do or understand.
"an overhaul of court procedure to simplify litigation"
synonyms: make simple/simpler, make easy/easier to understand/do, make plainer, clarify, make more comprehensible, make more intelligible, remove the complexities from, disentangle, untangle
157
Implement
a tool, utensil, or other piece of equipment, especially as used for a particular purpose.
"agricultural implements"
synonyms: gizmo
158
Fatally
with death as a result.
| "21,000 soldiers died or were fatally wounded"
159
Premises
a house or building, together with its land and outbuildings, occupied by a business or considered in an official context.
"business premises"
synonyms: building(s), property, site, establishment, office, place
160
constituency
a body of voters in a specified area who elect a representative to a legislative body.
"the politician who wishes to remain in the good graces of his constituency"
161
Reluctance
unwillingness or disinclination to do something.
"she sensed his reluctance to continue"
synonyms: disrelish
162
Numeracy
the ability to understand and work with numbers.
| "basic skills such as numeracy and literacy"
163
Broadsheet
a large piece of paper printed on one side only with information; a broadside.
"I have sent you a broadsheet which surveys our campaigns"
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Lambasted
criticize (someone or something) harshly.
"they lambasted the report as a gross distortion of the truth"
synonyms: criticize, castigate, chastise, censure, condemn, take to task, harangue, attack, rail at
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Rebuke
express sharp disapproval or criticism of (someone) because of their behavior or actions.
"she had rebuked him for drinking too much"
synonyms: reprimand, reproach, scold, admonish, reprove, remonstrate with, chastise, chide, upbraid
166
Echoed
(of a sound) be repeated or reverberate after the original sound has stopped.
"their footsteps echoed on the metal catwalks"
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Counterpart
a person or thing holding a position or performing a function that corresponds to that of another person or thing in another place.
"the minister held talks with his French counterpart"
synonyms: equivalent, opposite number, peer, equal, parallel, complement, match, twin, mate
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Notorious
famous or well known, typically for some bad quality or deed.
"Los Angeles is notorious for its smog"
synonyms: infamous, of ill repute, with a bad reputation/name, ill-famed, scandalous, well known, famous, famed, celebrated
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Rudimentary
involving or limited to basic principles.
"he received a rudimentary education"
synonyms: rudimental
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Readily
without hesitation or reluctance; willingly.
"he readily admits that the new car surpasses its predecessors"
synonyms: willingly, without hesitation, unhesitatingly, gladly, happily, cheerfully, with pleasure, with good grace, without reluctance
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entrepreneur
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
"many entrepreneurs see potential in this market"
synonyms: wheeler-dealer, mogul, big shot, bigwig, whiz kid, mover and shaker, go-getter, high-flyer, hustler
172
Inferior
lower in rank, status, or quality.
"schooling in inner-city areas was inferior to that in the rest of the country"
synonyms: lower in status, lesser, second-class, second-fiddle, minor, subservient, lowly, humble, menial
173
Apprenticeship
the position of an apprentice.
"the company once offered apprenticeships"
synonyms: traineeship, training period, studentship, novitiate, initiation, probationary period, trial period
174
Satellite
an artificial body placed in orbit around the earth or moon or another planet in order to collect information or for communication.
"a communications satellite"
synonyms: space station, space capsule, spacecraft, artificial satellite, communications satellite, weather satellite, television satellite, sputnik, COBE
175
Literate
(of a person) able to read and write.
"their parents were uneducated and barely literate"
synonyms: able to read and write
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Symmetrical
made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis; showing symmetry.
"the shape of a hill, smooth and symmetrical"
synonyms: well balanced, balanced, well proportioned, proportional, in proportion, regular, even, harmonious
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Treason
the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill the sovereign or overthrow the government.
"they were convicted of treason"
synonyms: Punic faith
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Stratagem
a plan or scheme, especially one used to outwit an opponent or achieve an end.
"a series of devious stratagems"
synonyms: shift
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Miraculous
occurring through divine or supernatural intervention, or manifesting such power.
"a miraculous cure"
synonyms: supernatural, preternatural, superhuman, inexplicable, unaccountable, fantastic, magical, phenomenal, prodigious
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Anecdotal
(of an account) not necessarily true or reliable, because based on personal accounts rather than facts or research.
"while there was much anecdotal evidence there was little hard fact"
synonyms: informal, unreliable, based on hearsay, unscientific
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pragmatism
a pragmatic attitude or policy.
| "ideology was tempered with pragmatism"
182
Marginalised
(of a person, group, or concept) treated as insignificant or peripheral.
"members of marginalized cultural groups"
183
Plethora
a large or excessive amount of (something).
"a plethora of committees and subcommittees"
synonyms: nimiety
184
Ensemble
a group of musicians, actors, or dancers who perform together.
"a Bulgarian folk ensemble"
synonyms: group, band, orchestra, combo, company, troupe, cast, chorus, corps
185
Respiratory
relating to or affecting respiration or the organs of respiration.
"respiratory disease"
186
Primitive
relating to, denoting, or preserving the character of an early stage in the evolutionary or historical development of something.
"primitive mammals"
synonyms: ancient, earliest, first, prehistoric, antediluvian, antique, primordial, primeval, primal
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Subdivision
the action of subdividing or being subdivided.
188
Aisle
a passage between rows of seats in a building such as a church or theater, an airplane, or a train.
"the musical had the audience dancing in the aisles"
synonyms: passage, passageway, corridor, gangway, walkway, path, lane, alley
189
Intrigue
arouse the curiosity or interest of; fascinate.
"I was intrigued by your question"
synonyms: interesting, fascinating, absorbing, compelling, gripping, riveting, captivating, engaging, enthralling
190
Reorientation
the action of changing the focus or direction of something.
| "the only solution is the reorientation of our defense policy"
191
Unifying
make or become united, uniform, or whole.
"the government hoped to centralize and unify the nation"
synonyms: unite, bring together, join (together), merge, fuse, amalgamate, coalesce, combine, blend
192
Symbiosis
interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association, typically to the advantage of both.
193
Studious
spending a lot of time studying or reading.
"he was quiet and studious"
synonyms: brainy, swotty
194
Multiplication
the process or skill of multiplying.
| "we need to use both multiplication and division to find the answers"
195
Archeology
باستان شناسی
196
Straightforward
uncomplicated and easy to do or understand.
"in a straightforward case no fees will be charged"
synonyms: uncomplicated, simple, easy, effortless, painless, undemanding, unexacting, elementary, plain sailing
197
Broad
having an ample distance from side to side; wide.
"a broad staircase"
synonyms: wide, large, big
198
Specialisation
the process of concentrating on and becoming expert in a particular subject or skill.
"the division and specialization of labor"
199
Establish
set up (an organization, system, or set of rules) on a firm or permanent basis.
"the British established a rich trade with Portugal"
synonyms: set up, start, begin, get going, put in place, initiate, institute, form, found
200
Take into account
Think about
201
Assignment
a task or piece of work assigned to someone as part of a job or course of study.
"a homework assignment"
synonyms: task, piece of work, piece of business, job, duty, chore, charge, labor, function
202
Conduct
the manner in which a person behaves, especially on a particular occasion or in a particular context.
"all three brothers were known for their disorderly conduct"
synonyms: behavior, way of behaving, performance, comportment, demeanor, bearing, deportment, actions, acts
203
Approach
come near or nearer to (someone or something) in distance or time.
"the train approached the main line"
synonyms: proceed toward, come/go toward, advance toward, go near/nearer, come near/nearer, draw near/nearer, come close/closer, go close/closer, draw close/closer
start to deal with (something) in a certain way.
"one must approach the matter with caution"
synonyms: get cracking on
204
Imitate
take or follow as a model.
"his style was imitated by many other writers"
synonyms: emulate, copy, take as a model, model oneself on, take as a pattern, pattern oneself on/after, follow the example of, take as an example, take as a role model
205
Fond
having an affection or liking for.
"I'm very fond of Mike"
synonyms: into, hooked on, gone on, wild about, nuts about, crazy about, sweet on, struck on, potty about
206
Memories
the faculty by which the mind stores and remembers information.
"I've a great memory for faces"
207
Memorise
commit to memory; learn by heart.
"he memorized thousands of verses"
synonyms: con
208
Ambitions
a strong desire to do or to achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work.
"her ambition was to become a pilot"
synonyms: aspiration, intention, goal, aim, objective, object, purpose, intent, plan
209
Ambition
a strong desire to do or to achieve something, typically requiring determination and hard work.
"her ambition was to become a pilot"
synonyms: aspiration, intention, goal, aim, objective, object, purpose, intent, plan
210
Fulfilment
the achievement of something desired, promised, or predicted.
"winning the championship was the fulfillment of a childhood dream"
211
Overlook
fail to notice (something).
"he seems to have overlooked one important fact"
synonyms: miss, fail to notice, fail to observe, fail to spot, fail to see, leave, leave unnoticed
have a view of from above.
"the chateau overlooks fields of corn and olive trees"
synonyms: have a view of, afford a view of, look over/across, look onto, look out on/over, face, front onto, give onto, give over
212
Syllabus
an outline of the subjects in a course of study or teaching.
"there isn't time to cover the syllabus"
synonyms: curriculum, course, course of study, program of study, educational program, course outline, timetable, schedule
213
Evolved
develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
"the company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer"
synonyms: develop, progress, make progress, advance, move forward, make headway, mature, grow, open out
214
Dialect
a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group.
"this novel is written in the dialect of Trinidad"
synonyms: regional language, local language, local tongue, local speech, local parlance, variety of language, vernacular, patois, nonstandard language
215
Conclude
bring (something) to an end.
"they conclude their study with these words"
synonyms: put a period to
216
Recap
state again as a summary; recapitulate.
| "a way of recapping the story so far"
217
Illustrate
provide (a book, newspaper, etc.) with pictures.
"the guide is illustrated with full-color photographs"
synonyms: with illustrations, with pictures, with drawings, with sketches, pictorial, decorated, adorned, ornamented, embellished
218
Clarify
make (a statement or situation) less confused and more clearly comprehensible.
"the report managed to clarify the government's position"
synonyms: make clear, shed light on, throw light on, elucidate, illuminate, make plain, make simple, simplify, explain
219
Indicate
point out; show.
"dotted lines indicate the text's margins"
synonyms: designate, specify, stipulate, show
220
Signify
be an indication of.
"this decision signified a fundamental change in their priorities"
synonyms: betoken
221
Stutter
talk with continued involuntary repetition of sounds, especially initial consonants.
"the child was stuttering in fright"
synonyms: fluff one's lines
222
Conjecture
an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information.
"conjectures about the newcomer were many and varied"
synonyms: guess, speculation, surmise, fancy, notion, belief, suspicion, presumption, assumption
223
Connotation
an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.
"the word “discipline” has unhappy connotations of punishment and repression"
synonyms: overtone, undertone, undercurrent, implication, hidden meaning, secondary meaning, nuance, flavor, feeling
224
Demonstrate
give a practical exhibition and explanation of (how a machine, skill, or craft works or is performed).
"computerized design methods will be demonstrated"
synonyms: give a demonstration of, show how something is done, show how something works, exhibit, display, show, illustrate, exemplify, give an idea of
225
Imply
strongly suggest the truth or existence of (something not expressly stated).
"the salesmen who uses jargon to imply his superior knowledge"
synonyms: make out
226
Propose
```
put forward (an idea or plan) for consideration or discussion by others.
"he proposed a new nine-point peace plan"
synonyms: put forward, suggest, advance, offer, present, move, submit, prefer, file
```
227
State
the particular condition that someone or something is in at a specific time.
"the state of the company's finances"
synonyms: mood, humor, temper, disposition, spirits, morale, state of mind, emotional state, frame of mind
228
Narrate
give a spoken or written account of.
"the voyages, festivities, and intrigues are narrated with unflagging gusto"
synonyms: tell, relate, recount, give an account of, unfold, set forth/out, describe, detail, sketch out
229
Recount
tell someone about something; give an account of an event or experience.
"I recounted the tale to Steve"
synonyms: tell, relate, narrate, give an account of, describe, portray, depict, paint, unfold
230
Emerge
move out of or away from something and come into view.
"black ravens emerged from the fog"
synonyms: come out, appear, come into view, become visible, make an appearance, turn up, spring up, come up, surface
231
Distinguish
recognize or treat (someone or something) as different.
"the child is perfectly capable of distinguishing reality from fantasy"
synonyms: differentiate, tell apart, discriminate, discern, determine, pick out, tell the difference between, decide between, make/draw a distinction between
232
Converse
engage in conversation.
"he fell in beside her and they began to converse amicably"
synonyms: talk, speak, chat, have a conversation, have a talk, have a discussion, discourse, confer, parley
233
Adhere
stick fast to (a surface or substance).
"paint won't adhere well to a greasy surface"
synonyms: stick, stick fast, cling, hold fast, cohere, bond, attach, be stuck, be fixed
234
Accuracy
the quality or state of being correct or precise.
"we have confidence in the accuracy of the statistics"
synonyms: precision, carefulness, meticulousness
235
Function
an activity or purpose natural to or intended for a person or thing.
"bridges perform the function of providing access across water"
synonyms: responsibility, duty, concern, province, aim, activity, assignment, obligation, charge
236
Midwife
a person (typically a woman) trained to assist women in childbirth.
