Study Guide Flashcards
(83 cards)
dermatome
area of the skin of the human anatomy that is mainly supplied by branches of a single spinal sensory nerve root. These spinal sensory nerves enter the nerve root at the spinal cord, and their branches reach to the periphery of the body
myotome
group of muscles that a single spinal nerve innervates
ecchymosis
a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising.
kyphosis
spinal disorder in which an excessive outward curve of the spine results in an abnormal rounding of the upper back. The condition is sometimes known as “roundback” or—in the case of a severe curve—as “hunchback.”
lordosis
excessive inward curvature of the spine
scoliosis
sideways curvature of the spine that occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty. While scoliosis can be caused by conditions such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy, the cause of most scoliosis is unknown
heterotopic ossification
the abnormal growth of bone in the non-skeletal tissues including muscle, tendons or other soft tissue. When HO develops, new bone grows at three times the normal rate, resulting in jagged, painful joints
osteochondritis defects
focal area of damage that involves both the cartilage and a piece of underlying bone. These can occur from an acute traumatic injury to the knee or an underlying disorder of the bone
tenosynovitis
inflammation of the fluid-filled sheath (called the synovium) that surrounds a tendon, typically leading to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness
arthritis
swelling and tenderness of one or more of your joints. The main symptoms of arthritis are joint pain and stiffness, which typically worsen with age. The most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
exostosis
a benign outgrowth of cartilaginous tissue on a bone
symptom
a physical or mental feature which is regarded as indicating a condition of disease, particularly such a feature that is apparent to the patient
sign
an object, quality, or event whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable presence or occurrence of something else
hyperesthesia
condition that involves an abnormal increase in sensitivity to stimuli of the sense. “When a non-noxious stimulus causes the sensation of pain the area will be termed hyperaesthetic”
anesthesia
administration of medication to allow medical procedures to be done without pain, and in some cases, without the patient being aware during the procedure
parathesia
n abnormal dermal sensation (e.g., a tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, or numb sensation on the skin) with no apparent physical cause. The manifestation of a paresthesia may be transient or chronic, and may have any of dozens of possible underlying causes
disclocation
joint disclocated not put back
subluxation
dislocated but pt back on own
cubital valgum
edical deformity in which the forearm is angled away from the body to a greater degree than normal when fully extended. A small degree of cubitus valgus (known as the carrying angle) is acceptable and occurs in the general population.
cubital varum
deformity of a limb in which part of it is deviated towards the midline of the body) is a common deformity in which the extended forearm is deviated towards midline of the body
cubital recurvatum
forarm bent backwards
genu valgum
knee bent out
genu varum
knee bent in
genu recurvatum
knee bent backwards
