Study guide chapter 3

Question 1

mechanics

Answer 1

study of physical actions of forces

Question 2

statics

Answer 2

constant state of motion either movement or none

Question 3

lever

Answer 3

rigid bar that turns about an axis of rotation or fulcrum

Question 4

dynamics

Answer 4

study of systems in motion with acceleration

Question 5

force

Answer 5

product of mass times acceleration

Question 6

torque

Answer 6

movement of force

Question 7

FA VS RA

Answer 7

perpendicular distance between force application and axis VS distance of axis point to resistance application

Question 8

pullyes

Answer 8

functional compounds to change effective direction of force

Question 8

linear motion
angular motion
curvilinear motion
reticular motion

Answer 8

motion along line
rotation around an axis
motion along curved line
motion along a straight line

Question 9

velocity

Answer 9

includes direction and describes rate of displacement

Question 10

law of acceleration

Answer 10

change in acceleration of body occurs in the same directions as force that caused it

Question 11

static friction
kinetic friction
rolling friction

Answer 11

-amount of friction from movements that haven’t moved
- amount of friction between 2 moving objects
- resistance to an object rolling across a surface

Question 12

momentum and impulse

Answer 12

quantity of motion

product of force and time

Question 12

static VS dynamic equillibrium

Answer 12

body is at rest no movement VS all applied internal forces acting on moving body are in balance

Question 13

4 ways machines function

Answer 13

-balance multiple forces
-enhance force in attempt to reduce total force needed to move an object
- enhance ROM/speed of movemnt
-alter resulting direction of applied force

Question 14

3 types of machines

Answer 14

levers, wheel and axels, pulleys

Question 15

Class 1 lever

Answer 15

axis in middle
force on left going down
resistance on right going down

EX; head balanced on neck flexing and extending

Question 16

class 3 lever

Answer 16

force in middle going up
resistance going down on left
axis on right

EX; biceps in elbow flexion

Question 16

class 2 lever

Answer 16

resistance in middle going down
axis on left
force going up on right

EX; planter flexion

Question 17

in body what is wheel and axle used for

Answer 17

enhance ROM and speed of movement

Question 18

what general factors can enhance equilibrium and maximize stability to help achieve balance

Answer 18

lower center of gravity, increasing base of support, distribute weight evenly

Question 19

what forced cause mechanical loads

Answer 19

internal /external

Question 20

what generates active internal forces VS passive internal forces in body

Answer 20

muscles VS tendons, connective tissue, ligaments, joints

Question 21

what generates external forces

Answer 21

gravity, inertia, direct contact

Question 22

6 types of force that may cause excessive tissue deformation

Answer 22

tension - stretch compression - compressing from top an bottom shear- force from one on each side bending - bending torsion- spinning combines torsion/ compression

Question 23

to prevent injury or damage form tissue deformation what does body do

Answer 23

used absorb enegery from both ex and int forces

Question 24

parts of body represent following lever parts

Answer 24

bars= bones axis= joint force= muscles