study tool

Question 1

true of false

the induction of sleep is passive due to arousal systems fatiguing

Answer 1

true

Question 2

what is a sleep promoting area

Answer 2

midline brainstem

Question 3

during a sleep study, during a 10 min period, about 60% of the waveforms recorded were high amplitude delta waves. what sleep stage is this

Answer 3

stage IV

Question 4

in a sleep study, during a 10 minute period, the EEG became highly desynchronized along with a dramatic decrease in EMG activity in most muscles. what sleep state is this

Answer 4

REM

Question 5

sleep factors, such as PGD2 and muramyl peptides, have hypnogenic effects by actin on what area

Answer 5

anterior hypothalamus

Question 6

when traveling rapidly across 6 time zones, jet lag is worse when traveling in what direction

Answer 6

east

Question 7

pontine geniculate occipital spikes (PGO) originate from which of the following

Answer 7

REM - ON cells

Question 8

during REM sleep what happens to the ?heobase of motor neurons in the spinal cord

Answer 8

increase

Question 9

when on awakens spontaneously from sleep, chances are they awaken out of which sleep stage

Answer 9

REM

Question 10

what is associated with sleep deprivation and its link with obesity

Answer 10

decreased levels of GH

Question 11

epileptogenic circuitry is characterized by what features

Answer 11

lowered threshold

Question 12

stimulation of what CN may effectively abort a seizure

Answer 12

X

Question 13

negative symptoms of Schizophrenia are associated with what

Answer 13

increased activity of mesocortical projections

Question 14

persistent muscular tone during REM is characteristic of what

Answer 14

REM behavior disorder

Question 15

what nutrient may be effective at treat in bipolar disorder and has similar damping effects on signal transduction as does lithium salts

Answer 15

omege 3 fatty acids

Question 16

how does stimulation of GABA receptor hyperpolarize a neuron

Answer 16

increase membrane permeability to CL-

Question 17

which of the following chromosomes is not associated with alzheimer’s disease

Answer 17

C10

Question 18

increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, associated with symptoms of fear is characteristic of what

Answer 18

panic attacks

Question 19

excessive dopaminergic activity may be associated with what conditions

Answer 19

schizophreania

Question 20

chronic low back pain and depression both have shown to cause what

Answer 20

shrinkage of the cerebral cortex

Question 21

in alzheimer’s disease extracellular plaques accumulate in the brain, which may dirrupt normal neuronal fuction. what is the main constituent of these plaques

Answer 21

amyloid

Question 22

what is the frequency of a normal cranial sacral rhythm

Answer 22

6 cycles/min

Question 23

which BBB

Answer 23

circumventricular organs

Question 24

how many times per day does the CSF turn over

Answer 24

3 times

Question 25

true or false | activation of the SNS can inhibit antibody production

Answer 25

true

Question 26

true or false | t cells are able to synthesize and release som anterior pituitary hormones

Answer 26

true

Question 27

what is not a function of the CSF

Answer 27

major source of glucose for brain

Question 28

what allows lymphocyctes to respond to neural signals

Answer 28

receptors in membrane that bind neuropeptides, biogenic amines

Question 29

what hormones can negate the pyrogenic effects of interleukin I

Answer 29

alpha MSH

Question 30

what can suppress macrophage activation and synthesis of antibodies by B cells

Answer 30

ACTH

Question 31

all of the following is decreased on spinal cord injury patients except which of the following

Answer 31

cortisol levels

Question 32

in chronic stress, what is not associated with immunosuppression

Answer 32

prolactin

Question 33

true or false | after PNS injury sensory axons can regenerate, but they are unable to re-innervate muscle spindles

Answer 33

false

Question 34

what substances are secreted by tissues/organs that provide ????? support ffor innervatin sympathetic neurons

Answer 34

nerve growth factors

Question 35

what can negat the high mortality rate in mice of combining immobilization stress and inoculation with the vaccinia virus

Answer 35

PM melatonin injections

Question 36

which of the following proteins is associated with synaptogenesis

Answer 36

MAP2

Question 37

which of the following is not associated with apoptosis

Answer 37

cell swelling

Question 38

in the CNS what is an inhibitor of axon outgrowth

Answer 38

myelin

Question 39

after injury, damage in the nervous system can be minimized by what strategies

Answer 39

increased activity of GABA receptors

Question 40

focal hand dystonia is due to what

Answer 40

cortical somatosensory representation of affected digits fused

Question 41

true of false the cerebral cortex has the capacity to reorganize itself in the face of reduced or enhanced afferent input

Answer 41

true

Question 42

in an sdult, the cerebral cortex retains the capacity to reorganize itself to the greatest extent, in response to what

Answer 42

afferent input

Question 43

in neonatal mice thymectomy causes degeneration of with what

Answer 43

anterior potuitary

Question 44

in old mice what hormone resorted thymic capacity to produce thymulin

Answer 44

L-thyroxin

Question 45

true or false | the neuroendocrine system's major influence on the immune system concerns immunologic specificity

Answer 45

true

Question 46

in someone predisposed, what will preciptate a panic attack

Answer 46

inhaloation of CO2

Question 47

in spinal cord injury what happens to immunorespiveness

Answer 47

decreased

Question 48

eletroconvulsive therapy, sometime used to treat depression, has what side effect

Answer 48

memory loss

Question 49

what is a disease off neural connectivity caused by multiple factors (hits) that affect brain development

Answer 49

epilepsy