Sub-Saharan Africa

Question 1

Climate locations

Answer 1

• wetter at equator, dryer @tropics

- mirror image

Question 2

Zones of Latitude

Answer 2

more humid towards equator

Question 3

Topography

Answer 3

Margerita Mts. creates a rain shadow

Question 4

Ocean currents

Answer 4

Northern Africa gets warm ocean currents, South Africa gets cold ocean current

Question 5

Elevation

Answer 5

Ethiopian highlands

Question 6

Famine

Answer 6

A drastic wide-reaching food shortage. ex: Horn of Africa

Question 7

Drought

Answer 7

long period of abnormally low rainfall. Makes famine worse

Question 8

Desertification

Answer 8

Transformations of arable or habitable land to desert.

Question 9

Causes of Desertification

Answer 9

1. overgrazing
2. urbanization
3. pollution
4. irrigation
5. Deforestation (slash and burn)
6. droughts
   7, humans overusing the land

Question 10

Effects of Desertification

Answer 10

1. less vegetation to hold soil down
2. Rapid urbanization
3. Famine
4. over population
5. lose precipitation and roots
6. sand storms

Question 11

Deforestation Solutions (Niger Grows Greener)

Answer 11

1. reduce grazing
2. stop developing land for human use
3. stop deforestation and replant trees
4. use irrigation from foot pump
5. use manure to fertilize crops
6. replanting trees holds down soil and can be used as fire wood

Question 12

Historic economic activities

Answer 12

1. sold gold and cloth
2. Europeans wanted Africans for slaves and items they couldnt grow at home
3. demand for labor in Europe in the 1500s so more slaves
4. slave traded ended but Africa continued to grow crops for Europe

Question 13

Effect of Berlin Conference

Answer 13

Africa was divided among Europe. Europe drew in artificial boundaries creating economic problems and political violence.

Question 14

Mercantile colonies

Answer 14

created by Europe, colonies set up to get commodities

commodities- Natural resources/cash crops (not food)

Question 15

Artificial boundaries

Answer 15

1. crossed ethnic, linguistic, religious, and cultural divisions
2. Created conflicts between groups within countries
3. created landlocked countries and hurt economic growth

Question 16

Apartheid

Answer 16

separation of races

Question 17

Nelson Mendela

Answer 17

1. president of South Africa
2. spent 27 years in prison, then was elected pres by the country that imprisoned him
3. anti-apartheid movement kept SA together by making sure there was no tension between blacks and whites

Question 18

Cash crop

Answer 18

crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower (Not food)

Question 19

one commodity countries

Answer 19

Dependence on just one commodity

Question 20

Dangers of being a one commodity country

Answer 20

1. supply and demand

2. possible desertification

Question 21

Genocide

Answer 21

Intentional destruction of people

Question 22

HIV/AIDS academic

Answer 22

many adults have HIV and are dying off after they have kids. Life expectancy drops. Leads to more kid household homes.

Question 23

Causes of HIV

Answer 23

1. people are being irresponsible
2. more people in a location means more open to more partners
3. many homes so multiple partners
4. low marriage rate
5. protection ignored

Question 24

Ethnic/cultural diversity

Answer 24

Europe split up a bunch of ethnic groups. Created violence

Question 25

Low economic growth

Answer 25

lack of infrastructure, one commodity countries

Question 26

Rapid population growth problems

Answer 26

1. desertification caused rapid urbanization 2. not enough space 3. diseases easily spread bc of bad sanitation 4. bad infrastructure