Subphylum craniata Flashcards
(35 cards)
- How are vertebrates different from craniates?
-All vertebrates are craniates but not all craniates are vertebrates.
-The presence of a cranium
-Hagfish are the only known living creatures with a skull but no vertebral column
?????2. Why is Class Reptilia not a monophyletic group?
Amniota-
- includes birds, turtles, lizards and mammals
-is not a monophyletic group if it excludes Birds, since Crocodiles are more closely related to Birds than they are to Lizards.
- How do you distinguish Diapsida from Synapsida?
Synapsida-
-Single lateral opening
-Mammals
Diapsida-
-Dorsal and lateral skull opening
-Reptiles, turtles, birds, etc.
What class is hagfish in?
Class Myxini
Hagfish (Class Myxini)
synapomorphy
and features
synapomorphy- slime glands
features-
- Living jawless fish
-** Craniate, not vertebrate* (no true vertebrae)
extra:
-Isoosmotic (no osmoregulation)
-No eyes, no fins, no scales
Petromyzontida animal
lamprey
-long thick looking fish with scary mouth
- kind of looks like an eal
Petromyzontida-lamprey
synapomorphy and features
synapomorphy-ammocoete larvae; sucking disc in adults
features
-Adults are parasitic
-Marine forms are Anadromous
– Move from SW to FW to breed
– Adults die after spawning
Class Chondrichthyes animals
Sharks, rays, skates, chimaeras
Class Chondrichthyes synapomorphy
cartilage skeleton
placoid scales
retain urea
pelvic claspers in males
?????Elasmobranchii
Holocephali animal
the Chimaeras aka ‘Ghost Sharks’
-Leopard chimaera -Chimaera panthera
-Spotted ratfish - Hydrolagus colliei
-Elephantfish
-Longnose chimaeras or spookfish
Dr. didiae described and named 17
species of ______ and there’s even
a chimaera named for me!
the name is _________ ________
-and what class subclass is it under?
ratfishes
Chimaera didierae
Class Chondrichthyes and subclass Holocephali
Class Chondrichthyes:
Holocephali features
-Live in all aquatic habitats
-around 60% live in deep sea
-around 50% are a meter long (3 ffet)
-around 20% are 2 meters(6 feet) long
Class Chondrichthyes
Many sharks use
______________ as a
means of camouflage
bioluminescence
?????????Add more about sharks Class Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes synapomorphy
Bony endoskeleton (endochondral bone)
Gas bladder or lung
Bony operculum
What is the largest group of vertibrates?
Actinopterygii
-this is under Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes
Actinopterygii synapomorphy
rays support membranous fins (fins open & close)
Osteichthyes
Class Sarcopterygii (‘fleshy fin’) synapomorphy
Girdles and appendages
Osteichthyes
Class Sarcopterygii animals
coelacanth, lungfish & tetrapods
__________ includes Tetrapods, which means we
are technically all fish in the _________ ___________!
Sarcopterygii includes Tetrapods, which means we
are technically all fish in the Class Sarcopterygii!
???????The Strange Tale of the Coelacanth
Synapomorphy of Choanata:
Choanae (internal nares)
Choanae (internal nares)
What animal has fish and tetrapod features? and what are those features for each?
Tiktaalik
Tetrapod:
-Eyes atop head
-Shoulder girdle not attached to head
-Has a neck
-Robust rib cage (Body support; perhaps lungs)
-Internal nostrils (choanae)
Fish:
-Fins
-Scales
-Gills
