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Psychiatric Nursing > Substance-Related Disorders > Flashcards

Substance-Related Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

To use wrongfully or in a harmful way . Improper treatment or conduct that may result in injury

A

Abuse

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2
Q

A compulsive or chronic requirement. The need is so strong as to generate distress ( either physical or psychological ) if left unfulfilled

A

Dependence

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3
Q

A physical and mental state of exhilaration and emotional frenzy or lethargy and stupor

A

Intoxication

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4
Q

The physiological and mental readjustment that accompanies the discontinuation of an addictive substance

A

Withdrawal

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5
Q
  1. Peripheral neuropathy
  2. Alcoholic myopathy
  3. Wernicke’s encephalopathy
  4. Korsakoff’s psychosis
  5. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
  6. Esophagitis
  7. Gastritis
  8. Pancreatitis
  9. Alcoholic hepatitis
  10. Cirrhosis of the liver
  11. Leukopenia
  12. Thrombocytopenia
  13. Sexual dysfunction
A

Alcohol - CNS depressants - effects on the body

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6
Q

Tremors, N&V,malaise, weakness, tachycardia, sweating, elevated BP, anxiety, irritability, headache, insomnia, seizures

A

Alcohol - withdrawal symptoms ( 4-6 hours after last drink )

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7
Q

Barbiturates, nonbarbiturates hypnotics and antianxiety agents

A

Sedatives, Hypnotics, or Anxiolytics

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8
Q
  1. Effects on sleep and dreaming
  2. Respiratory depression
  3. Cardiovascular : hypotension
  4. Hepatic effects - jaundice ; renal
  5. Decrease in body temperature
  6. Sexual dysfunction
A

Sedatives, Hypnotics, or Anxiolytics - CNS depressants - effects on the body

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9
Q

N&V, malaise, weakness, tachycardia, sweating, anxiety, irritability, tremors, seizures

A

Sedatives, Hypnotics, or Anxiolytics - withdrawal symptoms ( within one week of last use)

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10
Q
  1. Relaxation
  2. Loss of inhibition
  3. Lack of concentration
  4. Drowsiness
  5. Slurred speech
  6. Sleep
A

CNS depressants - symptoms of use

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11
Q

Amphetamine and related drugs; cocaine ; caffeine, nicotine

A

CNS stimulants

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12
Q
  1. Hyperactivity
  2. Euphoria
  3. Restlessness
  4. Talkativeness
  5. Increased pulse
A

CNS stimulants - symptoms of use

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13
Q
  1. CNS: tremors, restlessness …
  2. Cardiovascular/pulmonary : increased BP, HR, relax bronchial smooth muscles
  3. GI/GU: constipation, anorexia, urinary retention
  4. Sexual: aphrodisiac effect
A

CNS stimulants - effects on body

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14
Q

Depression, anxiety, irritability, fatigue, insomnia, hypersomnia, paranoid or suicidal ideation, apathy, social withdrawal ;

A

Cocaine + amphetamines - withdrawal symptoms ( within 2-4 days)

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15
Q

Large doses of the drug can result in convulsions or death from cardiac arrhythmias or respiratory paralysis

A

Cocaine

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16
Q

Refers to a group of compounds that includes opium, opium derivatives, and synthetic substitutes

A

Opioid

17
Q
  1. Opium
  2. Morphine
  3. Codeine
A

Opioids of natural origin

18
Q
  1. Heroin
  2. Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
  3. Oxycodone
  4. Hydrocodone
A

Opioid derivatives

19
Q
  1. Meperidine (Demerol)
  2. Methadone ( Dolophine)
  3. ….
A

Synthetic Opiate-like Drugs

20
Q
  1. CNS: euphoria, mental clouding, pupillary constriction , respiratory depression , N/V
  2. GI: treatment of diarrhea; constipation, fecal impaction
  3. Cardiac: hypotension
  4. Sexual : decrease
A

Opioids - effects on the body

21
Q
  1. Craving for the drug
  2. N/V
  3. Muscle aches
  4. Lacrimation/ rhinorrhea (tears/nose)
  5. Pupillary dilation
  6. Sweating, diarrhea, fever, insomnia
A

Opioids - withdrawal ( 6-8 hr , peak 2 or 3 day, disappear in 7-10 days )

22
Q

CIWA-Ar

A

The Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale, Revised ; used to assess risk and severity of withdrawal from alcohol

23
Q

CAGE

A

questionnaire for determining whether an individual has a problem with substances

24
Q

ND for the clients withdrawing from CNS depressants : tremors, hypertension, N&V, hallucinations, illusions, tachycardia, anxiety, seizures

A

Risk for injury

25
Q

ND for the clients withdrawing from CNS stimulants : intense feeling of depression, “crashing”, suicidal ideation

A

Risk for suicide

26
Q

Disulfiram ( Antabuse )

A

provides measure of control for the individual who desires to avoid impulse drinking

27
Q

Occur within 5-10 min of ingestion of alcohol

  1. Flushed skin
  2. Respiratory difficulty
  3. N&V, dizziness
  4. Hypotension, blurred vision, confusion
  5. Respiratory depression, MI, acute CHF, convulsions, death
A

Disulfiram alcohol reaction

28
Q
  1. Should not be administered - at least 12 hr abstained from alcohol
  2. When discontinued - 2 weeks alcohol sensitivity
  3. Aware of alcohol containing substances - vanilla extract, nail polish remover…
  4. Contraindicated for clients with high risk for alcohol ingestion
A

Nursing responsibilities - Disulfiram

29
Q

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium )

A

benzodiazepine - substitution therapy in alcohol withdrawal ; used to relive anxiety and to control agitation caused by alcohol

30
Q

Phenobarbital

A

anticonvulsant - for management of alcohol withdrawal seizures

31
Q

Methadone ( Dolophine )

A

to suppress opioid withdrawal symptoms

32
Q
  1. Know it is for for short term use
  2. Tapered down over time
  3. Taken in addition to rest, adequate nutrition and psychotherapy
A

Nursing responsibilities - Methadone

33
Q

Naloxone ( Narcan)

A

narcotic antagonist, complete or partial reversal of opioid depression

34
Q

n/v, sweating, tachycardia, increased blood pressure, tremulousness, seizures, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, pulmonary edema, and cardiac arrest which may result in death

A

Side effects of Narcan

35
Q

N&V, diarrhea, diaphoresis

A

Heroin withdrawal

36
Q
  1. Paralysis of the ocular muscles
  2. Diplopia (double vision)
  3. Ataxia (lack of voluntary coordination)
  4. Somnolence and stupor - death
A

Wernicke’s encephalopathy - thiamine deficiency in alcoholics

37
Q
  1. Confusion
  2. Loss of recent memory
  3. Confabulation - honest lying
A

Korsakoff’s psychosis - frequently encountered in clients recovering from Wernicke’s encephalopathy
TX: thiamine

Psychiatric Nursing (11 decks)

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