Sun Health

Question 1

What are some characteristics of UVA?

Answer 1

“tanning rays”
photo reactions

Question 2

What are some characteristics of UVB?

Answer 2

“burning rays”
vit D production

Question 3

Which UV radiation is cancer causing?

Answer 3

UVC

Question 4

How many new cases of skin cancer are there per year?

Answer 4

> 80 000
9000 will be melanoma, 1200 die

Question 5

What is actinic keratosis?

Answer 5

skin condition by UV radiation
considered a precancer
occurs on sun-exposed parts of the body
rough, dry, scaly patches

Question 6

What is the most common form of skin cancer?

Answer 6

basal cell carcinoma
-occurs on sun exposed parts of the body

Question 7

What is the second most common skin cancer?

Answer 7

squamous cell carcinoma
-starts in epidermis, penetrates underlying tissue if not
treated
-occurs on sun exposed areas
-wart-like growth that crusts, red patch, elevated

Question 8

What is the strategy used to identify melanoma?

Answer 8

ABCD
asymmetry
border (uneven edges)
color (various shades)
diameter (larger than 6mm)

Question 9

What are phototoxic reactions?

Answer 9

drug becomes activated by sunlight
appears like a sunburn
fast onset (generally acute)
clears once the drug is discontinued
dose of drug matters (more is worse)

Question 10

What are photoallergic reactions?

Answer 10

sun changes structure of drug and now drug is seen as an antigen
resembles eczema
takes 1-2 days to appear (chronic)
can move to unexposed skin
mainly topical drugs
dose of agent can be very small

Question 11

Which drugs are phototoxic?

Answer 11

sulfas
tetracycline
NSAIDs
retinoids

Question 12

What is an example of a photo-aggravated disorder?

Answer 12

rosacea

Question 13

Which disorder is helped by sunlight?

Answer 13

psoriasis

Question 14

True or false: UVB can reflect off of the sand or water

Answer 14

false
UVA can do that

Question 15

What does SPF stand for?

Answer 15

sun protection factor

Question 16

True or false: almost all sunscreens are broad-spectrum

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Whats a reasonable strength of sunscreen?

Answer 17

30
anything higher is only micro-advancements

Question 18

What does the SPF number tell you?

Answer 18

how long UV radiation would take to redden your skin when using the product vs the amount of time without any sunscreen
ex: SPF 30 means it would take 30x longer to burn than
without the sunscreen

Question 19

What is an example of a sunscreen that works physically?

Answer 19

zinc oxide

Question 20

Ideally how far in advance should we apply sunscreen before sun exposure? How often should it be re-applied?

Answer 20

30 minutes
Q2hrs

Question 21

What is the official age for sunscreen use?

Answer 21

> 6 months

Question 22

Which agent reduces the effectiveness of sunscreen?

Answer 22

DEET

Question 23

Which agents have been promoted as tanning products?

Answer 23

beta carotene
canthaxanthin
dihydroxyacetone (DHA)
-pigmenting agent
-no SPF value
-reapply Q 2 days

Question 24

What happens when you discontinue dihydroxyacetone?

Answer 24

color dissipates in 2 weeks

Question 25

What is the most important thing you can do for sunburn? What are some other things you could do?

Answer 25

cool compress others: dry skin lotion, aloe, lidocaine, voltaren, steroid

Question 26

What are the de-pigmenting agents?

Answer 26

hydroquinone (Rx 5%, cosmetics 2%) monobenzone (Rx only, more potent)

Question 27

Describe characteristics of melasma.

Answer 27

appearance: brown patches on face, mainly women cause: hormonal change? pregnancy? birth control pills? sun exposure? (exact cause=unknown) treatment: no cure, sunscreen can control it, hydroquinone

Question 28

Describe characteristics of tinea versicolor.

Answer 28

appearance: uneven skin colour, scaling, white-to-pink or tan- to-dark spots, more noticeable when tanned, mainly teens or young adults cause: fungus treatment: anti-fungals

Question 29

Describe characteristics of vitiligo.

Answer 29

appearance: loss of pigment in patches, any body part, milky- white skin cause: autoimmune (most ppl are in good health) treatment: often none, avoid tanning, SPF for white patches, disguising with makeup, DHA, tattoos

Question 30

In terms of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Which is the worst?

Answer 30

melanoma BCC

Question 31

If the minimal erythema dose protected was 40min and the minimal erythema dose unprotected was 10min, what is the SPF?

Answer 31

4

Question 32

What is a classic spot that is often forgotten about when applying sunscreen?

Answer 32

ears