SUPPOSITORIES Flashcards

(80 cards)

1
Q

Are solid dosage forms in which one
or more active pharmaceutical
ingredients (APIs) are dispersed in a
suitable base molded or otherwise
formed into a suitable shape for
insertion into the rectum to provide
local or systemic effect.

A

SUPPOSITORIES

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2
Q

Are solid dosage forms intended for
insertion into body orifices where they melt, soften, or dissolve and exert localized or systemic effects.

A

SUPPOSITORIES

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3
Q

Suppositories is derived from the Latin word ______ which means “to place
under”, as from sub (under) and
ponere (to place).

A

SUPPONERE

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4
Q

What is the meaning of supponere?

A

TO PLACE UNDER

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5
Q

Used rectally, vaginally, and occasionally
urethrally.

A

SUPPOSITORIES

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6
Q

pain, constipation, irritation,
itching, and inflammation associated with
hemorrhoids or other anorectal d

A

RECTAL

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7
Q

contraceptives, antiseptics in
feminine hygiene, antibacterial

A

VAGINAL

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8
Q

comes in various shapes
and weights. The shape and size must be
such that it can be easily inserted into the
intended orifice without causing undue
distension, and once inserted, it must be
retained for the appropriate period.

A

SUPPOSITORIES

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9
Q

Are intended for insertion into body
orifices where they melt, soften, or
dissolve and exert localized or systemic
effects.

A

SUPPOSITORIES

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10
Q

Types of Suppositories

A

RECTAL
VAGINAL
URETHRAL
BURGINARIUM

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11
Q

Are inserted into the rectum with the fingers.

A

RECTAL

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12
Q

• Are cylindrical and have one or both ends tapered.
• Some are shaped like a bullet, a torpedo, or the little finger.
• Length: Usually about 32 mm (1 ½inches)
• Weight: Adult: 2 grams - when made of
cocoa butter (pencil-like shape)
• Infants: 1 grams

A

RECTAL

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13
Q

Also called Pessary or Pessaries

A

VAGINAL

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14
Q

• Are usually globular, oviform, or cone-
shaped
• Weight: about 5 grams - when made
cocoa butter base.

A

VAGINAL

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15
Q

Urethral is also called as?

A

BOUGIES

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16
Q

Are slender, pencil-shaped intended for
insertion into the male or female urethra.

Male:
• Diameter - 3-6 mm
• Length: 140 mm (14 cm)
• Weight: about 4 grams - when made of
cocoa butter
Female: Length: 70 mm (7 cm)
• Weight: about 2 grams - when made of
cocoa butter

A

URETHRAL

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17
Q

same as urethral suppositories but shorter and thinner.

A

BURGINARIUM

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18
Q

same as urethral suppositories but shorter and thinner.

A

BURGINARIUM

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19
Q

Vaginal suppositories is also called as?

A

PESSARY OR PESSARIES

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20
Q

Are slender, pencil-shaped intended for
insertion into the male or female urethra.
Male:
• Diameter - 3-6 mm
• Length: 140 mm (14 cm)
• Weight: about 4 grams - when made of
cocoa butter
Female: Length: 70 mm (7 cm)
• Weight: about 2 grams - when made of
cocoa butter

A

URETHRAL

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21
Q

The most widely used suppository
base.

A

COCOA BUTTER (THEOBROMA OIL)

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22
Q

Good base for rectal suppositories,
but it is less ideal for vaginal and
urethral suppositories.

A

COCOA BUTTER

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23
Q

Good base for rectal suppositories,
but it is less ideal for vaginal and
urethral suppositories.

A

COCOA BUTTER

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24
Q

______ can replace to coca butter to replace part of it to obtain proper melting point?

A

WHITE WAX

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25
3 fatty or oleaginous bases:
COCOA BUTTER (THEOBROMA OIL) HYDROGENATED FATTY ACIDS OF VEGETABLE OIL GLYCERIN WITH HIGHER MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ACIDS
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•Kernel oil and Cottonseed oil
HYDROGENATED FATTY ACIDS OF VEGETABLE OILS
27
2 HYDROGENATED FATTY ACIDS OF VEGETABLE OILS
KERNEL OIL COTTONSEED OIL
28
These are fat-based compounds containing compounds of Glycerin with the higher molecular weight fatty acids such as Palmitic acid and Stearic acids.
GLYCERIN WITH HIGHER MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ACIDS
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• Glyceryl Monostearate and Glyceryl Monopalmitate
GLYCERIN WITH HIGHER MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ACIDS
30
Are polymers of ethylene oxide and water, prepared to various chains lengths, molecular weight, and physical states.
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS (PEG)
31
They are available in a number of molecular weights ranges, the more commonly used being polyethylene glycol 300, 400, 600, 1000, 1500, 1540, 3350, 4000, 6000, 8000.
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL
32
They are available in a number of molecular weights ranges, the more commonly used being polyethylene glycol:
300 400 600 1000 1500 1540 3350 4000 6000 8000
33
 These bases are water soluble; however, the dissolution process is very slow.  These do not melt at body temperature but rather dissolve slowly in the body’s fluids. Therefore, the base needs not to be formulated to melt at body temperature.  In rectum and vagina, where the amount of fluid is very small, they dissolve very slow, but they soften and spread.
POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS (PEG)
34
At room temperature: PEG 300, 400, 600-
CLEAR, COLORLESS LIQUID
35
PEG 1000-
WHITE SEMI-SOLID
36
PEG 1500, 1540–
FAIRLY FIRM SEMI-SOLID
37
PEG 3350, 4000, 6000–
FIRM, WAX-LIKE SOLIDS
38
PEG - clear, colorless liquid
300 400 600
39
PEG- white semi-solid
1000
40
PEG- fairly firm semi-solid
1500 1540
41
PEG- firm, wax-like solids
3350 4000 6000
42
May be prepared by dissolving granular gelatin (20%) in glycerin (70%) and adding a solution or suspension of the medication (10%).
GLYCERINATED GELATIN
43
May have a tendency to absorb moisture due to the hygroscopic nature of glycerin, they must be protected from atmospheric moisture for them to maintain their consistency.
GLYCERINATED GELATIN
44
Is most frequently used in the preparation of vaginal suppositories, where the prolonged localized action of the medicinal agent is usually desired.
GLYCERINATED GELATIN
45
Is slower to soften and mix the physiologic fluids than in cocoa butter and therefore provides a more prolonged release.
GLYCERINATED GELATIN
46
This is a type that is used to prepared with Cocoa/Cacao Butter or Theobroma Oil.
FIRST TYPE
47
will soften when used with: Phenol, Camphor, Chloral hydrate, and other volatile oils. However this can be remedied by the addition of: Wax or Spermaceti to raise the melting point in the warmest weather.
CACAO BUTTER
48
Acts by melting at body temperature.
THEOBROMA OIL
49
Are those prepared with Glycerin and Gelatin
SECOND TYPE
50
o Are water-soluble or water miscible o Are employed to provide a continuous medicating or germicidal action o By mixing the aqueous solution of suspension of the medicament with glycerin and gelatin.
SECOND TYPE
51
Are the Glycerin or Soap suppositories shaped from Castille soap
THIRD TYPE
52
o This performs their function in part mechanically and in part by dissolving and producing some irritation. o Their chief value is as stimulation to peristalsis, through their presence in the rectum. o They are mostly for small children to avoid the use of laxatives
THIRD TYPE
53
3 methods of preparation:
MOLDING (FUSION) COMPRESSION HAND ROLLING AND SHAPING
54
 Is the principal way of making suppositories commercially.  Capable of producing 6-12 or more suppositories  Molds are made of Stainless steel, Aluminum, Brass or Nickel-Copper alloys, or plastic.  Primary bases used are: Cocoa butter, Polyethylene glycol, Glycerinated gelatin  Mineral oil is used as lubrication. Suppository Molds:
SUPPOSITORY MOLDS
55
Preparation:  Melting of the base  Incorporation of any of the medicaments  Pouring the melt into molds  Allowing the melt to cool and congeal into suppositories  Removing the formed suppositories from the mold
MOLDING
56
lubrication is seldom necessary as these materials contact sufficiently on cooling to separate from the inner surfaces and allow easy removal.
COCOA BUTTER OR POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL
57
lubrication is usually necessary. A thin coating of mineral oil applied within the finger to the molding surfaces usually suffices.
GLYCERINATED GELATIN
58
 Is generally employed when cocoa butter is used as a base.  Capable of producing a 2 g suppository.
COMPRESSION
59
Preparation:  Uniform mixture of drug and base (hand-rolling method)  Mixture is placed into a chamber mold.  Mold is then cooled.
COMPRESSION
60
Involves molding the suppository with the fingers after the formation of plastic mass.
HAND ROLLING AND SHAPING
61
must be-stored below 30°C and preferably in a refrigerator (2°C to 8°C)
COCOA BUTTER SUPPOSITORIES
62
This can be stored at controlled room temperature (20°C to 25°C).
GLYCERINATED SUPPOSITORIES
63
Official Bases
COCOA BUTTER or THEOBROMA OIL HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (PEG) GLYCERINATED GELATIN
64
Are solid dosage forms that is inserted into a naturally occurring (nonsurgical) body cavity other than the mouth or rectum, including the vagina and urethra.
INSERTS
65
Are usually ovoid in shape and are accompanied in their packaging with a plastic inserter, a device for easy placement of the tablet within the vagina.
VAGINAL INSERTS
66
It contains the same types of anti-infective and hormonal substances as the vaginal suppositories.
VAGINAL INSERTS
67
Are a convenient form for administering topical medications.
MEDICATION STICKS
68
 Their development is interesting because it involves the history of cosmetics, which parallels human history.  Are cylindrical in shape and generally range from 5-25 g.
MEDICATION STICKS
69
Used for both cosmetics and medical purposes, includes styptic pencils and lip balm sticks which became available in the early 1940’s.
MEDICATION STICKS
70
Today,________ provide pharmacists, patients and primary care providers with a unique, convenient, relatively stable, easy-to-prepare dosage form for the topical delivery of drugs
medication sticks
71
are prepared similar to suppositories except that the melt is poured into the administering device, or tube.
MEDICATION STICKS
72
They come in different sizes and shapes, are readily transportable, and can be applied directly to the affected site of the body.
MEDICATION STICKS
73
The stick is pushed up from the bottom or using a screw-type device to raise the stick.
MEDICATION STICKS
74
They are generally packaged in an applicator tube for topical administration, and the applicator can be adjusted to continually expose new, fresh stick from inside the tube
MEDICATION STICKS
75
It facilitates the passage of therapeutic quantities of drug substances through the skin and into the general circulation for their systemic effect.
TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS (TDDSs)
76
 The blood concentration needed to achieve therapeutic efficacy may be determine by comparative analysis of patient response to drug blood levels.  It is considered ideal if the drug penetrates through the skin to the underlying blood supply without drug buildup in the dermal layers.
TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS (TDDSs)
77
Are designed to deliver a constant and controlled dosage over extended periods of time for systemic therapy.
PATCHES
78
consists of an adhesive material containing 5% lidocaine, which is applied to a nonwoven polyester felt backing and covered with a PET film release liner. The release liner is removed just prior to application.
Lidoderm (Lidocaine; Endo) 5% patch
79
 To treat post herpetic neuralgia.  Applied to intact skin to cover the most painful area. Depending upon the direction for use, the patient can apply up to three patches, only once for up to 12 hours within a 24-hour period.
PATCHES
80
Is a dosage form that is suitable for delivering drugs to the skin. It consists of a drug that is impregnated into a flexible, durable woven fabric or extruded synthetic material that is coated with an adhesive agent
TAPES