Surgical Respiratory Care, C24 P158-160

Question 1

What is the most common cause of fever in the first
48 hours postop?
P158

Answer 1

Atelectasis

Question 2

What is absorption atelectasis?

P158

Answer 2

Elevated inhaled oxygen replaces the nitrogen in the alveoli resulting in collapse of the air sac (atelectasis); nitrogen keeps alveoli open by “stenting” them

Question 3

What is incentive spirometry?

P158 (picture

Answer 3

Patient can document tidal volume and will have an “incentive” to increase it

Question 4

What is oxygen-induced hypoventilation?

P159

Answer 4

Some patients with COPD have low oxygen as the main stimulus for the respiratory drive; if given supplemental
oxygen, they will have a decreased respiratory drive and hypoventilation

Question 5

Why give supplemental oxygen to a patient with a
pneumothorax?
P159

Answer 5

Pneumothorax is almost completely nitrogen—thus increasing the oxygen in the alveoli increases the nitrogen gradient and results in faster absorption of the pneumothorax!

Question 6

What is a nonrebreather mask?

P159 (picture)

Answer 6

100% oxygen with a reservoir bag

Question 7

Why do nonrebreather masks have a “reservoir” bag?

P159

Answer 7

Inhalation flow will exceed the delivery rate of the tubing and the bag allows for extra oxygen stores

Question 8

What is the maximum oxygen FiO2 delivered by a
nonrebreather mask?
P159

Answer 8

≈80% to 90%

Question 9

How do you figure out the PaO(2) from an O(2) sat?

P159

Answer 9

PaO(2) of 40, 50, 60 roughly equals 70, 80, 90 in sats

Question 10

What is an oxygen nasal cannula?

P160 (picture)

Answer 10

Oxygen delivered via tubing with prongs into nares

Question 11

How much do you increase the FiO(2) by each liter added

to the nasal cannula?

Answer 11

≈3%

Question 12

What is the max effective flow for a nasal cannula?

Answer 12

6 liters