Surveying

Question 1

What is a survey in which the mean surface of earth is regarded as plane and not curved as it is really is?

Answer 1

Plane Surveying

Plane Surveying does not account for the curvature of the Earth.

Question 2

What is the technique, profession, art, and science of determining the terrestrial position of points and the distances and angles between them?

Answer 2

Surveying

Surveying involves both two-dimensional and three-dimensional measurements.

Question 3

What type of survey considers the shape of the Earth’s surface and exercises a higher degree of precision?

Answer 3

Geodetic Surveying

Geodetic Surveying accounts for the Earth’s curvature.

Question 4

What are surveys usually undertaken for the purpose of determining and defining property lines and boundaries?

Answer 4

Cadastral Surveys

Cadastral Surveys are important for legal property descriptions.

Question 5

What term refers to surveying streams, lakes, reservoirs, harbors, oceans, and other bodies of water?

Answer 5

Hydrographic Surveys

Hydrographic Surveys are vital for navigation and environmental management.

Question 6

What is another name for optical tooling in surveying?

Answer 6

Industrial Surveys

Industrial Surveys apply surveying techniques in construction and assembly.

Question 7

What type of surveys make use of photographs taken with specially designed cameras?

Answer 7

Photogrammetric Surveys

These surveys can be conducted from airplanes or ground stations.

Question 8

What type of surveys involves alignment, grades, and earthwork quantities in connection with the planning, design, and construction of highways?

Answer 8

Route Surveys

Route Surveys are essential for infrastructure development.

Question 9

What is the process made for determining the shape of the ground and the location and elevation of features?

Answer 9

Topographic Surveys

Topographic Surveys provide critical data for land use planning.

Question 10

What is defined as the difference between the true value and the measured value of a quantity?

Answer 10

Error

Errors can significantly affect survey accuracy.

Question 11

What are inaccuracies in measurements due to carelessness or poor execution called?

Answer 11

Mistakes

Blunders are considered large mistakes in surveying.

Question 12

What consists of counting the number of steps or paces in a required distance?

Answer 12

Pacing

Pacing is a basic method of distance measurement.

Question 13

What is defined as the length of a step in walking?

Answer 13

Pace

A pace may be measured from heel to heel or toe to toe.

Question 14

What consists of 2 paces or a double step?

Answer 14

Stride

Stride is often used in estimating distances.

Question 15

What branch of surveying measures distances with a chain and tape?

Answer 15

Chain Surveying

Chain Surveying is one of the oldest surveying methods.

Question 16

What is any process where elevations of points or differences in elevation are determined?

Answer 16

Levelling

Levelling is crucial for construction and land surveying.

Question 17

What method determines the area of a triangular lot using a transit setup at a point inside the lot?

Answer 17

Triangle Method

This method involves recording bearings and distances.

Question 18

What is a line that follows the local direction of gravity as indicated by a plumb line?

Answer 18

Vertical Line

Vertical Lines are fundamental in establishing true verticality.

Question 19

What is a curved surface that is perpendicular to the local plumb line at every point?

Answer 19

Level Surface

Level Surfaces are used in various surveying applications.

Question 20

What is a plane perpendicular to the local direction of gravity?

Answer 20

Horizontal Plane

Horizontal Planes are essential for establishing level measurements.

Question 21

What is the distance measured along a vertical line from a vertical datum to a point or object?

Answer 21

Elevation

Elevation is crucial for understanding topography.

Question 22

What is an imaginary surface of the sea that is midway between high and low tides?

Answer 22

Mean Sea Level

Mean Sea Level is used as a reference point in surveying.

Question 23

What is a fixed point of reference whose elevation is either known or assumed?

Answer 23

Bench Mark

Bench Marks are key in leveling operations.

Question 24

What is a reading taken on a rod held on a point of known or assumed elevation?

Answer 24

Back Sight

Back Sights are used to establish reference elevations.

Question 25

A reading taken on a rod held on a point whose elevation is to be determined is called?

Answer 25

Fore Sight ## Footnote Fore Sights are crucial in leveling procedures.

Question 26

What is an intervening point between two bench marks for leveling operations?

Answer 26

Turning Point ## Footnote Turning Points facilitate continuous leveling.

Question 27

What is a leveling method used to determine differences in elevation between two points?

Answer 27

Differential Leveling ## Footnote Differential Leveling is a standard method in surveying.

Question 28

What leveling method accurately determines elevation differences using reciprocal observations? hint: used for obstructions like river

Answer 28

Reciprocal Leveling ## Footnote This method is useful when obstructions prevent direct measurement.

Question 29

What is the acute horizontal angle between the reference meridian and the line?

Answer 29

Bearings ## Footnote Bearings are essential for navigation and mapping.

Question 30

When the bearing of a line is observed in the direction of survey progression, it is referred to as a?

Answer 30

Forward Bearing ## Footnote Forward Bearings aid in establishing direction.

Question 31

When the bearing of the same line is observed in the opposite direction, it is called?

Answer 31

Back Bearing ## Footnote Back Bearings are used for verification of measurements.

Question 32

What direction is given by the angle between the meridian and the line measured clockwise?

Answer 32

Azimuths ## Footnote Azimuths are important in navigation and surveying.

Question 33

What is a series of connected lines whose lengths and directions are to be measured?

Answer 33

Traverse ## Footnote Traverses are fundamental in land surveying.

Question 34

What is the projection of any line on a north and south line?

Answer 34

Latitude ## Footnote Latitude is essential for geographic positioning.

Question 35

What is the projection of any line on east and west lines?

Answer 35

Departure ## Footnote Departure aids in calculating distances in surveying.

Question 36

What are usually employed in lines of communication to ensure gradual direction changes?

Answer 36

Curves ## Footnote Curves are used for smooth transitions in surveying.

Question 37

What consists of a single arc connecting two straight lines?

Answer 37

Simple Curves ## Footnote Simple Curves are common in road design.

Question 38

What consists of two arcs of different radii bending in the same direction?

Answer 38

Compound Curves ## Footnote Compound Curves allow for more complex alignments.

Question 39

What consists of two arcs bending in opposite directions with a common tangent?

Answer 39

Reverse Curves ## Footnote Reverse Curves are used in road and railway design.

Question 40

What is a survey made to secure data for a topographic map?

Answer 40

Topographic Surveying ## Footnote Topographic Surveys provide detailed elevation data.

Question 41

What is an imaginary line of constant elevation on the ground surface?

Answer 41

Contour ## Footnote Contours represent elevation changes on maps.

Question 42

What is a line on the map joining points of the same elevation?

Answer 42

Contour Line ## Footnote Contour Lines depict the terrain's shape.

Question 43

What do successive contour lines on a map that represents elevations and differs by a fixed vertical distance called?

Answer 43

Contour Interval ## Footnote Contour Intervals indicate the elevation difference between lines.

Question 44

What are artificial shade lines drawn in the direct steepest slope to represent relief?

Answer 44

Hachures ## Footnote Hachures enhance the visual representation of slopes.

Question 45

What is a dip at the junction of two ridges called?

Answer 45

Saddle ## Footnote Saddles are important features in topography.

Question 46

What are the lines where the two sides of a valley meet?

Answer 46

Thalwegs ## Footnote Thalwegs indicate the lowest points in valleys.

Question 47

What is the construction of large open cuttings or excavations involving cutting and filling of material other than rock?

Answer 47

Earthworks ## Footnote Earthworks are essential in construction and civil engineering.

Question 48

What is the process of loosening and removing earth or rock from its original position in a cut and transporting it to a fill or to a waste deposit?

Answer 48

Excavation ## Footnote Excavation is a critical step in site preparation.

Question 49

What describes the fill added above low points along a roadway?

Answer 49

Embankment ## Footnote Embankments raise the roadway level for stability.

Question 50

What is the process of removing soil where proposed contours extend across existing contours uphill?

Answer 50

Cut ## Footnote Cuts are important for grading and leveling.

Question 51

What is the process of adding soil where proposed contours extend downhill?

Answer 51

Fill ## Footnote Fills are used to raise ground levels in construction.