Swine P+P Flashcards

Question

What are your goals for swine herd health for days 14-28 of life?

Answer 1

* Iron (repeat if necessary) * Vaccination * Mycoplasma * PRRS * Circovirus * Erysipelas * Parasite control * wean/split weaning * management/facilities considerations

Answer 2

* vaccination * site specific factors * management factors

Answer 3

* selection @ 180lbs (before? after?) * flush feeding * boar exposure * parasites * vaccinations * Parvo * Lepto * Erysipelas * Herd immunity/biosecurity issues/acclimatization

Answer 4

* vaccinations * Parvo * Lepto * Erysipelas * SIV * PRRSV * Herd immunity * Biosecurity * Parasites

Answer 5

* colostrum management * vaccination * E. coli * TGE * Rotavirus * Mycoplasma * Clostridium perfringens * Two doses for gilts starting 4-6 wks prefarrowing * Booster sow/gilt 2 wks prefarrowing * Parasites

Answer 6

Disease = (Dose x virulence)/Resistance

Answer 7

1. Case hx: * morbidity * age @ onset * duration of signs * body condition after cessation of diarrhea 2. Clinical exam * consistency, color, odor, volume * pH - # of samples * body temp - usually not helpful * dehydration 3. Necropsy and specimen selection * untreated * C/S \<1d * Several animals * specimen collection * diagnostic test choice: gross pathology, bacterial culture, virology, EM, serology, histopath, PCR

Answer 8

* aka: white scours, wet tail scours, ETEC * diarrhea and septicemia (usu \< 4d) * incidence: everywhere * etiology: pili attach to enterocytes * enterotoxins - LT (labile toxins), STA (stable toxins), STB * pathogenesis: * E. coli attach --\> toxin secretion of fluid into SI --\> acidosis --\> dehydration --\> death * epidemiology: * up to 100% of litters - 100% morbidity/60-75% mortality * oral/fecal infection route * dirty environment; decr temp, decr colostrum

Answer 9

* C/S: profuse watery diarrhea 12-24hr after birth or infection --\> dehydration --\> death * Dx: * hx * culture pillus antigen * PCR * histopath * response to tx * impression smear * mixed infections * pH - basic * Tx: * Antibiotics * Fluids * Probiotics * Antibody Preps - Monoclonal

Answer 10

* TGE * Clostridial enteritis * Coccidiosis * Strongyloides

Answer 11

* vaccination * milk * killed bacterins - commecial/autogenous * subunit - pillus antigens * J-5 (core antigens) * genetics * management * temperature, drafts * clean environment * sow * AI/AO

Answer 12

* highly infectious viral dz * worldwide incidence, but incr problem in US * etiology: coronavirus (RNA) - 1 serotype * epidemiology: * epizootic: classical outbreaks in late fall, winter and spring * enzootic: year round * virus presents in feces in large quantities and _may be excreted for up to 10 wks_ * spread by fecal/oral and fomites * airborne transmission - up to 1 mile

Answer 13

* C/S: * Epizootic: morbidity = 100%, mortality = 0-100%, profuse watery diarrhea, milk curds, vomiting, incubation 1-2d * Enzootic: signs variable but usally in weaned pigs; Morb 0-100%, Mort 0-10% * Dx: * necropsy- thin-walled SI * C/S * no response to tx * histopath * VI, EM, FAT * serology * pH acidic * Tx: * pray! (age dependent), fluids, abx, wean, incr temp - sow

Answer 14

* virus replication (lung, duodenum, jejunum, ileum) * villi damaged, malabsorption, diarrhea, dehydration, death/recovery * 7-10d recovery for enterocytes * viral excretion maximum 1-2d

Answer 15

* immunity * IgG in response to infection * Serum Ab fo 7 wks PI * Maternal Ab in piglets 6-12wks * epizootics - every 2 yrs * vaccination * oral, IM, IP, MLV/killed * feed back * quarantine, test * bird, animal control * biosecurity

Answer 16

* incidence: found in China, Europe, and now US * Etiology: coronavirus * Morbidity: up to 100% (*all age groups affected*) * Mortality: 0-100% * Fecal-oral transmission * Pathogenesis: replicates in enterocytes in SI, destroys villi --\> erosion/ulceration of enterocytes, fluid loss into the lumen, diarrhea

Answer 17

* C/S: profuse water diarrhea, less vomiting reported compared to TGE, all ages affected, suckling pigs - death 3-4d, growing/breeding, sows severe MMA * Dx: * necropsy - thin walled SI * PCR * direct electron microscopy * serology - ELISA * Tx: * prayer! (age dependent) * fluids * biosecurity * vaccination * feed back * quarantine, test * bird, animal control

Answer 18

* incidence - worldwide * etiology - Isospora suis * epidemiology - sow _not_ source, oocysts in piglet environment * pathogenesis: oocysts, sporozoites (24hrs), merozoites, secondary meronts (72-96hrs), large merozoites (type I), tertiary merozoites, merozoites (type II), **oocysts remain infective for up to 10 mo**

Answer 19

* C/S: **must be 4.5-5d old!**, usually very time specific, diarrhea --\> watery to pasty, gaunt and rough hair coat, recovery slow --\> stunted/runts, mortality/morbiditiy variable * Pathology: gross lesions - _jejunum and ileum are thickened and turgid_, diarrhea, histopath: villous atrophy, merozoites, micro/macro gametes SI * Dx: * age, C/S, no response to standard tx, fecal, impression smears, histopath * Tx: * amprolium, decoquinate, sulfas,antibiotics, ponazuril, toltrazuril, ALL ELDU

Answer 20

* hygiene * heat tx * quaternary ammonia compounds * chlorox (dosium hypochlorite bleach) * live stream * lime treatment pens * preventive drugs to baby pigs

Answer 21

* necrotic, hemorrhagic enteritis in **pigs \<7d of age**; chronic form may hit older piglets * incidence: common, but distribution variable * etiology: C. perfringens Type C * epidemiology: * geographical area, soil, wind, contaminated sows, building, crates, ingested, toxin, death, morbidity variable, _mortality up to 100%_ * pathogenesis: adheres to intestinal epithelium in jejunum --\> beta toxin --\> villi damaged --\> blood/death

Answer 22

* C/S: peracute, acute, subacute, and chronic, death, bloody diarrhea, poor doers * Pathology: * Gross: SI hemorrhagic, swollen, gas bubbles in serosa, bloody lumen * Histo: large #s of bacteria, villous damage, diptheric membrane in subacute/chronic * Dx: hx, C/S, post mortem, impression smear, culture * Tx: antibiotics, antitoxin

Answer 23

* vaccination * antitoxin * hygiene * feed antibiotics to lactating sows * e.g. bacitracin

Answer 24

* porcine strain of rotavirus; diarrhea may be profuse and lead to significant mortality * incidence: probably endemic in all if not most swine herds * etiology: can get cross infection w/ other species, diff antigenic types, virus can be killed by ethanol, iodine, or bleach * epidemiology: very common, sow--\> piglet at farrowing * pathogenesis: viral replication SI (jejunum to ileum), villous damage, malabsorption, diarrhea, lactogenic immunity

Answer 25

* C/S: **7-14d old piglets most common**, incubation 18-24h, anorexia, lethargy, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, death, regeneration of villus epithelium 7-10d (young), 3-4d older * Pathology: dehydration, emaciation, histopath: loss of villus tips and clumping of villi, peroxidase staining (neg. after 8d) * Dx: EM, serology, R/O * Tx: fluids, antibiotics, TLC

Answer 26

* vax - MLV/killed (serotypes) * piglets * sows * feed back * sow management

Answer 27

* Preferably no age separation * creep feeding of fresh, palatable feed freq from 10-14d of age * no feed change * provide feeder space sufficient for all pigs to eat together * feed ad libitum, intake severely restricted for 18-24h * water: provide nipple drinkers - 2/pen, good quality water + electrolytes * runts: delayed weaning, match for size * navel suckling: abnormal behavior assoc w/ early weaning * hygiene: clean up b/t groups, all in/all out

Answer 28

* E. coli that causes post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) or edema dz (ED) * Incidence: PWD common; ED rare * Etiology: specific strains of E. coli cause either ED or PWD * Epidemiology: PWD d/t loss of lactogenic immunity @ weaning, pathogenicity and management determines severity of dz; 20-50% morbidity: \< 10% mortality

Answer 29

* C/S: * PWD: diarrhea, wt loss, stunting, death - may have fever * Pathology: dehydration, congested liver, SI contains thin watery material, no villous damage * Dx: C/S or hx, culture of pathogenic E. coli * DDx: endemic TGE, rotavirus, swine dysentery, Salmonella * Tx: Feed or H2O meds, parenteral tx

Answer 30

loss of lactogenic immunity, high stomach pH (decr acidity), environ E. coli overgrowth, enterotoxins, secretory diarrhea

Answer 31

* creed feeding? * vaccination? rota/E.coli/oral? * split feedings * acidified H2O * decr #s/pen * environ/feed pads * diet - complex

Answer 32

* sudden death of "good doing" pigs, edema of gut, eyelids, nervous signs * incidence: low to variable - usually \<10% affected - most die * etiology: specific strains of E. coli - usually pillous? verotoxigenic or shiga-like toxin * epidemiology: genetic; runs course in 7-10d (3d for a litter) * pathogenesis: oral exposure, stomach SI toxin (EDP) --\> blood vessels damaged --\> edema

Answer 33

* C/S: **within 10d of weaning**; _best pigs affected_; dull, blind, head pressing, incoordination, recumbancy, convulsions/padding, death * Transient diarrhea, constipation, edema of forehead, eyelids, larynx, colon, no fever * Pathology: edema, esp stomach wall; thoracic cavity fluid, stomach full - SI/colon empty, histo: brain malacia/angiopathy * Dx: C/S, P.M., culture (O serotype - hemolytic), histopath, bioassay for EDP * Tx: antibiotics, decr cerebral edema

Answer 34

* vaccination * management * genetics * acidification of H2O/feed * decr feed intake

Answer 35

* rotavirus * endemic TGE

Answer 36

* infection w/ any of the strains of Salmonella that result in septicemia, and acute or chronic enteritis * incidence: _not_ Salmonella that people get, but incr feeder pig operations may have incr incidence * etiology: S. cholerasuis * S. typhimurium: may survive in meat/bone meal?, survive - drying/freezing, killed - heat, sunlight, phenols. I2, chlorine * epidemiology: primary dz of grow/finish pigs * Salmonella cholerasuis - pigs * S. typhimurium - other sources and pigs, shedding 4 mo, may be induced by stress

Answer 37

* C/S: * _septicemic form:_ fever, restless, anorexia, cyanosis --\> diarrhea (watery, feces "yellow"), **M lo : M hi**; incubation 24-48h * _enteric form_: fever, dehydration, decr body condition --\> fast spreading diarrhea; **M hi: M lo**; _recurring diarrhea w/ carriers_ * S. cholerasuis - pneumonia, septicemia * S. typhimurium - rectal strictures * Pathology: septicemic - skin discoloration, incr l.n., incr spleen * histo: focal necrosis, hyaline capillary thrombosis, **"parathypoid nodule" in liver, pathognomic** * enteric: focal of diffuse necrotic colitis/typhilitis, "button ulcers", mesenteric l.n. incr, colon/cecum fluid filled * Dx: culture, C/S, hx, histo * Tx: early aggressive Abx

Answer 38

* bacteria invade intestinal mucosa --\> phagocytized by macrophages --\> septicemic/enteric dz

Answer 39

* isolate sick animals * single source pigs * decr stress * hygiene * avoid meat/bone meal? * prophylactic abx * vaccines - core antigen, ML, killed * medication (feed/water)

Answer 40

* Brachyspira (serpulina) Hyodysenteriae; previously Treponema hyodysenteria * mucohemorrhagic colitis characterized by decr performance, death loss, and bloody/mucous diarrhea * incidence: widespread; economic losses * etiology: brachyspira hyodysenteriae; anaerobic spirochete found in the colon * epidemiology: common in feeder pigs, affected may be of any size, oral/fecal route of transmission, carriers or infected pigs main source of transmission; M 100%/M 30%, cyclical on some farms, _can shed for 70d PI_

Answer 41

* C/S: incubation 2d up to 3 mo - usually 10-14d, diarrhea of varying intensity, occasional peracute death, _pasty diarrhea w/ decr appetite_ --\> mucoid diarrhea w/ blood, watery diarrhea w/ blood * Pathology: poor body condition; colitis (spiral colon) - flaccid, red, congestion, fluid contents, flood, necrotic matter and food particles; histo - lesions limited to mucosa - wet mount BEWARE! * Dx: C/S, hx, p.m., culture, FA, serology * Tx: antibiotic tx

Answer 42

* gains entrance to colon wall via goblet cells --\> epithelial cells of the colon --\> destruction of cells --\> inflammation, histamine release, failure of fluid transport

Answer 43

* depopulation/repopulation * strategic abx tx * control animal movement * fomites * vaccines

Answer 44

* aka: necroproliferative enteritis (NPE), regional ileitis (RI), _ileitis_, proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy (PHE), garden hose gut, "necr" (Necrotic enteritis - NE) * complex syndrome displaying a variety of pathological changes; limited to small and large intestine * PIA - thickening of intestinal mucosa * NE - deep coagulative necrosis of adenomatous surface * RI - granulation tissue proliferation in lamina propria and submucosa of PIA w/ hypertrophy of mm * PHE - massive hemorrhage into lumen w/o visible bleeding points in the thickened proliferated mucosa

Answer 45

* Incidence: incr prevalence, high health herds * Etiology: *Lawsonia intracellularis* * Epidemiology: carriers; fecal/oral, 6-20 wks most common, but can affect all ages * Pathogenesis: * oral ingestion --\> infection --\> proliferation of immature glandular epithelial cells --\> elongation of the glands * PHE: rupture of capillaries @ tips of villi * NE: necrosis of regressing mucosa * RI: cycles of proliferation and necrosis

Answer 46

* Pathology: us. ileum, occ. upper colon and cecum * NE: yellow masses of friable necrotic matter * RI: wall is smooth and rigid, lining ulcerated or granulation * PHE: SI distended w/ blood, no bleeding points noticeable, melena, anemia * Histo: silver staining, see organisms, proliferative enteritis * Dx: hx/clinical signs, PM/histopath, clean herd * Tx: antibiotics - parenteral, food, water * Control: feed meds, pulse tx, cost: benefit

Answer 47

* ulceration of the pars esophagus * incidence: 2-100% of animals @ slaughter * etiology: copper, stress, gastric acidity, whey feeding, corn starch, feed processing, fatty acids, Vit E, Se, finely ground feed, off feed, etc

Answer 48

* C/S: * Peracute: dead (hemorrhage/peritonitis) - sows, boars\*, fast growing pigs * Chronic: melena, wt. loss, anemia, abd pain * Pathology: * Acute: blood in stomach, GI tract, or peritonitis * Chronic: craters * Dx: hx, C/S, melena, anemia, PM, endoscope * Tx: cost: benefit, cimetidine/ranitidine/omeprazole for indiv. high value pig * Control: check factors, min stressors, out of feed events, feed! - grind, pellets

Answer 49

* resp dz of _grow/finisher pigs_ * pneumonia in nursery thru finisher * multifactorial * infectious organisms * environmental factors * management factors * pig flow and comingling * 2-10% mortality; 20-80% mortality, poor growth, the "+18 week wall"

Answer 50

1. M. hyo 2. PRRSV 3. SIV 4. Bacteria: P. multocida, Strep suis, H. parasuis

Answer 51

1. Hx: m/m, age/time of onset (movement), duration 2. Clinical exam: temp, coughing, thumping, nasal/ocular d/c, facilities/stocking rates, ventilation 3. Necropsy and specimen collection: all dead?, euthanize and post several untreated, gross, histo and IHC, C&S, virology, FAT, serology, PCR

Answer 52

* "enzootic pneumonia" - resp infection characterized by coughing, poor FCR, ADR and _very low mortality_ * Incidence: common - up to **90% of herds** * etiology: M. hyopneumoniae primary, occ M. hyorhinus * complex media for growth, survives in rain water for 17d, dies quickly (48h) on clothing/hair * epidemiology: carrier pig --\> herd; airborne transmission possible, aerosol or direct contact usual transmission; sow --\> pig or pig --\> pig

Answer 53

* Chronic dz w/ high (90%) morbidity and low (\<5%) mortality * 3-10 wk old pigs most common (10-16d incubation) * **chronic, non-productive cough** * rough hair coat, change in body condition * _infection of SPF herds can lead to severe clinical signs w/ incr mortality_ * decr growth may/may not be related to % of lung dz * coughing - may be worst in a.m. or w/ exercise

Answer 54

* infection of cilia of URT (cilia clumped --\> shed), probably due to a cytotoxin * mucociliary apparatus affected --\> LRT (cranial ventral pattern) * lesions start red---\> grayish/pink * secondary invader

Answer 55

* gross - consolidation of anterior/ventral lobes, in severe cases into diaphragmatic lobes * lower surface than surrounding "normal" lung, meaty consistency * catarrhal exudate * lymphadenomegaly * histopath - peribronchiolar lymphocytic hyperplasia

Answer 56

* Dx: C/S, culture, serology, histopath, IF, laryngeal swab * Tx: antibiotic therapy * Control: AI/AO, SEW/MEW/MMEW, SPF, depop/repop, vaccination, old sows

Answer 57

* resp tract infection w/ influenza A virus * H1N1, H3N2, H2N1 * common in hog raising areas (slaughter/breeding pigs) * epidemiology: pig --\> pig by aerosol, carrier pigs introduce into naive herds, fomites - man, migratory birds, airborne transmission, most outbreaks occur fall--\> spring * pathogenesis: virus --\> resp tract --\> replication --\> viremia --\> fetus(?)

Answer 58

* C/S: explosive outbreaks of coughing **(100% morbidity)**, fever, prostration, anorexia, dyspnea, conjunctivitis, coughing, sneezing, wt loss, _resolve in 5-7d unless secondary dz_ * Pathology: purple-red pneumonic lesions, mucus and exudate in airways and congestion of the mucosa; histo - thickened alveolar sepate and bronchial epithelial changes * Dx: C/S, hx, serology, FAT/VI * Tx: antibiotics for secondary * Control: vaccines, ventilation, pig movement, bird control

Answer 59

* aka Hemophilus * contagious resp dz of grow-finish pigs assoc w/ pleurisy, infarcts and variable mortality rates * incidence: widespread, serotyepes vary worldwide * etiology: dz caused by one of 12/13 serotypes of APP, requires NAD/nurse colony staph * epidemiology: fragile organism - nose to nose contact or direct aerosolization probably necessary for infection; _carrier pigs (tonsils/lungs) responsible for transmission_

Answer 60

* acute: incr temp, anorexia, dyspnea --\> death (6h), bloody nose, cyanosis * subacute: same as above but milder and decr death; decr performance * chronic: same as above, decr performance, may affect all ages (nursing and sow), abortions, maternal Ab lasts 6-8wks * pathology: diaphragmatic lobes; infarcts, pleuritis, blood in airways/nose, interlobular edema; histo - infarct, alveolar hemorrhage

Answer 61

* Dx: c/s, culture, p.m. - pathognomic lesions?, serology, poor performance/incr # of problems, hx of new additions * Tx: parenteral abx, chronics - Pb tx, feed/H2O meds, tx early and often * Control: lower stress, ventilation, mixing, vaccinate, serotype, commercial/autogenous, adjuvant, cross protection, concurrent dz - PRV esp

Answer 62

* dz syndrome characterized by **reproductive disorders** (late term abortions, premature farrowings, stillborns, mummies, and weak liveborn pigs), **high piglet mortality**, and **resp dz** in neonates to market pigs * etiology: Lelystad virus (togavirus) (arterivirus) * epidemiology: aerosol, pig to pig, semen * pathogenesis: infection --\> viremia --\> C/S; immunosuppression

Answer 63

* C/S: * acute: late term abortions, premature farrowings, stillborns, mummies, and weak liveborn pigs **(epizootic)** * chronic: resp. dz in nursery **(endemic)** * Pathology: piglets - NGL, pneumonic - interstitial pneumonia * Dx: C/S, hx, VI, serology * Tx: none * Control: match health profiles, acclimatize new animals well, control animals movement, semen, vax (killed/MLV)

Answer 64

* etiology: pneumonia - 90% P. multocida Type A; 10% P. multocide Type D, serotype (A3) * epidemiology: tonsils/resp tract of healthy pigs --\> aerosol/oral --\> secondary to some primary dz (PRV, M. hyo, SIV) or some non-infectious agents * pathogenesis: immune suppression/decr mucociliary tract function; primarily secondary management, death d/t endotoxic shock

Answer 65

* C/S: dyspnea, mouth breathing, abd breathing (thumping), exercise incr signs, fever early * Pathology: mycoplasma lesions, bronchopneumonia, consolidation, atelectasis, pleuritis, pericarditis; histo - bronchopneumonia/bacteria * Dx: C/S, culture * Tx: antibiotics * Control: vaccination, control other resp dz, environment, strategic meds, high health status herd

Answer 66

* progressive atrophic rhinitis * incidence: typically seen where air quality is poor, overcrowding of pigs, can be seen w/ any group of pigs * etiology: coinfection of Bordetella bronchiseptica and toxigenic pasteurella multocide (type D) * epidemiology: spread by nose to nose contact w/ infected pigs * pathogenesis: toxigenic strains of pasteurella colonize following rhinitis induced by bordetella, chemical irritant or other; produces potent toxin that causes osteopathy and destruction of turbinates

Answer 67

* C/S: * mild/early - sneezing, mucopurulent nasal d/c * chronic - ocular d/c, shortened/deviated snout, epistaxis * Pathology: deformed, missing nasal turbinates * Dx: post mortem analysis of snout at level of first cheek tooth * Tx: individual tx unrewarding * Control: air quality, appropriate stocking densities, vaccines

Answer 68

* multisystem involvement w/ meningitis, polyarthritis, and polyserositis * etiology: H. parasuis * epidemiology: endemic on farm, stress --\> outbreak * pathogenesis: aerosol transmission

Answer 69

* C/S: fever, anorexia, dyspnea, hunched appearance, lethargy, swollen joints, meningitis, death in 2-5d "acute death" * Pathology: polyserositis, pericarditis, pleuritis, peritonitis, orchitis * Dx: C/S, post mortem culture difficult * Tx: abx, indiv tx * Control: decr stress, vaccination

Answer 70

* incidence: ubiquitous when raising pigs, subclinical carriers are open * epidemiology: transmitted via aerosol route, unlikely to be eliminated, high health pigs seem more susceptible * pathogenesis: colonizes the tonsil and is phagocytized by monocytes, travels in circulation and causes inflamm response where trapped

Answer 71

* C/S: dyspnea, fever, anorexia, lethargy, hunched posture, CNS signs, death * Pathology: suppurative meningitis, meningeal edema, polyserositis, pneumonia * Dx: gross lesions on post mortem, culture of CSF/meningeal swab * Tx: aggressive abx tx, anti-inflammatory drugs * Control: vaccines, autogenous/commercial, minimize stress, prophylactic abx

Answer 72

* septicemia * epidemiology: healthy pigs carry the bacteria in tonsil and upper resp tract * pathogenesis: invasion of tonsil-spreading to bloodstream likely; believed to produce a toxin similar to APP

Answer 73

* C/S: sudden death, cyanotic extremities, dyspnea, cough, lameness, fever, weakness, wasting, CNS signs possible * Pathology: widespread petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhage, hemorrhagic/necrotizing pneumonia, serous/serofibrinous exudate in thoracic or abd cavity * Dx: hx, culture * Tx: antibiotics - but often too late * Control: vaccines, prophylactic antibiotics in feed/water

Answer 74

* infectious dz characterized by sudden death, skin lesions, arthritis, vegetative endocarditis, abortion * Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, gram + bacteria * Epidemiology: tonsils = 30-50% healthy pigs - shed in feces, urine, saliva, nasal secretions; carriers shed via feces * Pathogenesis: can enter via skin lesions or oral --\> bacteremia

Answer 75

* C/S: * hyperacute (peracute): depression, fever (high), cyanosis --\> _death_ * acute: high temp, dyspnea, cyanosis --\> death (24-48h) (young pigs); anorexia, thirst, incr temp, _skin lesions_ 24-48h, abortion (older pigs) * chronic: necrotic skin lesions, _arthritis, endocarditis_ * Pathology: * Hyperacute: congestion/skin discoloration * Acute: skin discoloration, **diamond skin lesions**, splenomegaly * Chronic: necrotic skin, non-suppurative arthritis, endocarditis

Answer 76

* Dx: culture, C/S, response to tx, \*skin lesions * Tx: antibiotics, antiserum * Control: vaccines - maternal Ab 6-8wks, antibiotics, killed bacterins, 2x/yr

Answer 77

* congenital tremors * etiology: Porcine Circovirus Type II; DNA virus * epidemiology: oral, fecal, nasal

Answer 78

* C/S: 5 wks +, wasting, dyspnea, enlarged l.m. primary symptoms * may also see diarrhea, palor, jaundice, epizootic: mortality to 40%, endemic: decr M/M * Pathology: poor BCS, enlarged l.n., pallor, icterus, mottled red/grey lungs, enlarged and waxy kidneys, white foci under renal capsule, fluid filled SI; histo: basophilic, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in l.n., macrophages

Answer 79

* Dx: post mortems, C/S, virus isolation, histo/IHC, PCR, serology * Tx: none; supportive care, TLC * Control: vaccination for PCV II, biosecurity, isolation, acclimatization, stocking density, ventilation, mixing, mud and feces (all in/all out)

Swine P+P Flashcards

(103 cards)