Symtoms correlated to brainareas Flashcards
(76 cards)
Schmidt syndrome
CN X and XI = vagospinal syndrom
- unilateral vocal cord, sternocleidomastoideal, soft palate, larynx and trapezius paralysis.
Jacksons syndrome
CN X, XI o XII palsy
- unilateral paralysis of sternocleidomastoideus, soft palate, larynx, vocal cords, trapezius and tongue.
( men obs, denne jackson är nog mer känd för Jacksonian EP.)
Tapia syndrome
= Matadors disease = CN X and XII palsy
* hoarsness of voice
* dysphagia secondary to incoordination of tongue.
* Food bolus propulsion
* unilateral arophy and paralysis of tongue
* sometimes paralysis of SCM and trapezius.
not affecting soft palate.
Causes of Tapia syndrome?
- oral intubation
- metastases
- rarely associated to carotid or vertebral dissection.
Villarets syndrome
AKA posterior retropharyngeal syndrome
AKA nervous syndrome of the posterior retroparotid space.
CN IX, X, XI o XII + sympathetics
= Collet Sicard syndrome + horner syndrome.
= Collet Sicard syndrome with sympathetic involvement.
Etiologies of Villarets syndrome
parotid tumors, metastases, external carotid aneurysm and osteomyelitis of the skull base
Collet-Sicard syndrom
CN IX, X, XI and XII. No symp. involvement.
More likely w lesions outside the skull.
IF caused by IV lesion it would have to be so large that it would usually produce brainstem compression….—Long tract finding (not incl in the syndrome)
* unilateral paralysis of palate, vocal cords, SCM, trapezius, tongue.
*Loss of taste in post 1/3 of tongue,
*Anesthesia of soft palate, larynx and pharynx.
Etiologies to Collet-Sicard syndrome
- Condylar and Jeffersons fractures
- Internal carotid dissection
- Primary and metastatic tumors
- Lyme disease
- Fibromuscular dysplasia
What structures pass through the Jugular foramen?
From medial (foramen magnum) side to lateral:
Inferior Jugular Vein, CN XI, X, IX, Inferior Petrosal Sinus.
AND! posteriolaterally there is a large compartment passing the sinus sigmoideus!
What structure passes through the sigmoid segment of foramen jugulare?
Inferior jugular vein
What structures passes through the interjugular segment of foramen jugularis?
CN XI, X and IX.
What structures passes through the petrosal segment of foramen jugulare?
Inferior petrosal sinus.
What structures passes through Pars vascularis of foramen jugulare?
Inferior jugular vein, CN XI and CN X. + branching Arnolds nerve
What structures passes through Pars Nervosa of foramen jugulare?
CN IX and Inferior petrosal sinus.
Through what opening in the skull base is CN XII exiting?
The hypoglossal canal.
What is the function of CN IX from jugular foramen?
loss of taste, and sensation of posterior third of tongou
What is the signs of CN X injury in the jugular foramen?
paralysis of vocal cords, palate, anesthesia of pharynx and larynx.
What is the function of CN XI -accessorius- from foramen jugulare
weak trapezius and SCM
what would a lesion of CN XII in the hypoglossal canal cause?
tongue paralysis and atrophy
What symtom in the face is seen from compression of the sympathics?
Horner syndrome
What encompasses Horners syndrome?
Ipsilateral ptos, miosis, anhidrosis in the face (if not only sympathetics running along ICA is involved because the hidrosis sympathics run with ECA).
what constitutes the foramen jugularis?
It is a opening inbetween the petrous part of the temporal bone, and the lateral side of the occipital bone. Usually there is a bony spine from the petrous part dividing it in two parts.
What separates foramen jugulare from the carotid canal?
Only the carotid ridge.
Parinauds syndrome
= dorsal midbrain syndrome AKA pretectal syndrome
“A supranuclear paralysis of vertical gaze resulting from damage to the mecencephalon”
- supranuclear upward gaze palsy (sunset sign)
- lid retraction (colliers sign)
- convergence palsy
- acommodation palsy
+ less common associations, see another card.
