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4. AUBF > Synovial Fluid > Flashcards

Synovial Fluid Flashcards

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1
Q

damage to the articular membranes synovial membrane, making the fluid viscous.
produces pain and stiffness in the
joints, collectively referred to as

A

Arthritis

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2
Q

Viscous liquid found in the cavities of the
movable joints.

A

Synovial fluid

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3
Q

Lubrication in the joint

A

Synovial fluid

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4
Q

is secreted by synoviocytes in the
damage to the articular membranes synovial membrane, making the fluid viscous.

A

Hyaluronic acid

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5
Q

SPECIMEN COLLECTION AND HANDLING: needle aspiration

A

Arthrocentesis

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6
Q

Sample Anticoagulant Requirement:

A

Sterile heparinized tube for gram stain and culture
Heparin or EDTA
non-anticoagulant tube for other test
NaF tube for glucose analysis

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7
Q

Color of synovial fluid

A

Colorless to pale yellow

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8
Q

Synovial comes from the word

A

Egg

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9
Q

Deeper yellow indicates as

A

Inflammatory & noninflammatory
effusions

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10
Q

The green color indicates

A

Bacterial infection

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11
Q

Red color indicates

A

Hemorrhagic arthritis

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12
Q

TURBIDITY: Presence of

A

WBC, Synovial cells debris and
fibrin

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13
Q

Can be MILKY indicate a presence of

A

Crystal

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14
Q

Arthritis affects the production of

A

Hyaluronidase

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15
Q

Methods for synovial fluid

A

String test (4-6cm)
Rope (mucin clot test)

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16
Q

ROPE COMPOSITIONS FOR CLOT

A

Synovial + 2-5% acetic acid

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17
Q

REPORTING of rope solid clot

A

Good

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18
Q

Reporting of rope soft clot

A

Fair

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19
Q

Reporting of rope friable clot

A

Low

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20
Q

Reporting of rope no clot

A

Poor

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21
Q

Viscous fluid celcius and mins

A

37C to 5 min

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22
Q

Diluting fluid of cell count

A

Normal saline (0.3%)

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23
Q

stain WBC nuclei

A

Methylene blue

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24
Q

Stain same with csf

A

Differential count:

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25
performed on cytocentrifuged preparations or on thinly smeared slides.
Differential count
26
Primary Cell can be seenin Normal Synovial Fluid
Mononuclear cells Monocytes Macrophages Synovial tissue
27
IMPORTANT CELLS AND INCLUSIONS SEEN IN SYNOVIAL FLUID
Synovial lining cell LE cells Reiter cell RA cells
28
Similar to macrophage, but may be multinucleated,resembling a mesothelial cell
Synovial lining cell
29
Neutrophil containing characteristic ingested: “round body
LE cells
30
Vacuolated macrophage with ingested neutrophils
Reiter cells
31
Neutrophil with dark cytoplasmic granules containing immune complexes
RA cells
32
Causes of of Crystal formation
Metabolic Disorders Decreased renalexcretion Degeneration of cartilage and bone Injection of Medications such as corticosteroids
33
Synovial Fluid Crystals
Monosodium urate Calcium pyrophospate Cholesterol Corticosteroid Calcium oxalate Apatite (calcium phosphate)
34
Significance of gout
Monosodium urate
35
Significance of pseudogout
Calcium pyrophosphate
36
Significance of extracellular
Cholesterol
37
Significance of injection
Corticosteroids
38
Significance of renal dialysis
Calcium oxalate
39
Significance osteoarthritis
Apatite (calcium phosphate)
40
Crystal Polarization
MSU crystal CPPD crystal
41
run parallel to the long axis of the crystal
MSU crystal
42
run perpendicular to the long axis of the crystal
CPPD CRYSTAL
43
Chemical Analyses
Protein Lactate test Uric acid Glucose
44
MICROBIOLOGIC TEST used
Gram stain Culture
45
are most frequently seen in microbiology test
Bacterial infection
46
The common organisms that infect synovial fluid are the fastidious:
Haemophilus spp. and neisseria gonorrhoeae
47
The common organisms that infect synovial fluid that can occur
Fungal, tubercular and viral infections
48
The autoimmune diseases rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus cause very serious inflammation of the joints and are diagnosed in the serology laboratory by demonstrating the presence of their particular autoantibodies in the patient’s serum.
Serological test
49
Serological test demonstration of antibodies to the causative agent _____________ in the patient’s serum can confirm the cause of the arthritis.
Borellia burgdorferi
50
demonstration of antibodies to the causative agent Borrelia burgdorferi in the patient’s serum can confirm the cause of the
Arthritis
51
Serological test acute phase reactants
fibrinogen and C-reactive protein
52
Clear, yellow fluid • Good viscosity • WBCs <1000 μL • Neutrophils <30% • Normal glucose (similar to blood glucose)
No inflammatory
53
• Cloudy, yellow fluid • Poor viscosity • WBCs 2000–75,000 μL • Neutrophils >50% • Decreased glucose level • Possible autoantibodies present
Inflammatory immunologic origin
54
• Cloudyormilkyfluid • Low viscosity • WBCs up to 100,000 μL • Neutrophils<70% • Decreased glucose level • Crystalspresent
Inflammatory Crystal-induced origin
55
• Cloudy,yellow-greenfluid • Variable viscosity • WBCs50,000–100,000μL • Neutrophils>75% • Decreased glucose level • PositivecultureandGramstain
Septic
56
• Cloudy,redfluid • Low viscosity • WBCsequaltoblood • Neutrophilsequaltoblood • Normalglucoselevel
Hemorrhagic
57
Significance of synovial lining cell
Normal
58
Significance of le cell
Lupus erythematosus
59
Significance of reiter cell
Reiter syndrome Nonspecific inflammation
60
Significance of ra cell
Rheumatoid arthritis Immunologic inflammation

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