systematic bacteriology I

Question 1

Coccus/Cocci:

Answer 1

spheres

Question 2

Bacillus/Bacilli:

Answer 2

rod shaped

Question 3

Vibrio:

Answer 3

slightly curved rod, gram-negative

Question 4

Spirillum:

Answer 4

rigid spiral bacterium

Question 5

Spirochaete:

Answer 5

flexible spiral bacterium

Question 6

how would you classify a microorganism

Answer 6

appearance
growth requirements
enzyme/ metabolic tests
molecular tests

Question 7

describe a defensive structure spore

Answer 7

inert structures, resistant to physical and chemical challenge

Question 8

describe a defensive capsule

Answer 8

outermost layer found in many bacteria, usually made of polysaccharides

Question 9

what is toxin

Answer 9

Promotes infection and disease by directly damaging host tissues and disabling the immune system

Question 10

Aerobic:

Answer 10

grow in oxygen

Question 11

Obligate aerobes:

Answer 11

require oxygen

Question 12

Obligate anaerobes:

Answer 12

killed by oxygen

Question 13

Facultative anaerobes:

Answer 13

tolerate oxygen

Question 14

Selective media:

Answer 14

presence of specific substances permits the growth of one organism over another

Question 15

Differential media:

Answer 15

incorporation of chemicals produces visible changes in colonies that facilitates identification

Question 16

Metabolic profiling:

Answer 16

uses biochemical characteristics e.g. utilization of carbon sources

Question 17

Serological tests:

Answer 17

use an antibody-antigen interaction to help identify bacteria

Question 18

DNA technology -

Answer 18

genome sequencing

Question 19

PCR:

Answer 19

amplification of a section of genome

Question 20

MLST:

Answer 20

entire genome sequencing

Question 21

MALDI-TOF:

Answer 21

produces a characteristic signature based on the generation of ions from a sample (dependent on constituent proteins)

Question 22

what is a fusiform

Answer 22

Long slender rods & species include emerging pathogens in GI tract, mouth, head & neck.

Question 25

what is selective media

Answer 25

A media that selects for the growth of specific prokaryotes

Question 26

what is mass spectrometry

Answer 26

• Generates a series of ions from a sample dependent on its constituents
• Separates the ions according to mass & charge
• Detects the spectrum of proteins released from a sample
• Results in characteristic signature

Question 27

what is a spore

Answer 27

inert survival structure