Systems and processes_RCA tools_jk Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the definition of a Process?
A sequence of steps through which inputs are converted into outputs for the benefit of the clients.
Examples include dispensing ARVs at a pharmacy, completing a patient record, and counseling a client.
What does a System refer to?
The set of all interrelated processes working together to achieve a common goal.
It maintains its existence and functions as a whole through the interaction of its parts.
What is Systems Thinking?
Looks at the whole, the parts, and the connections between the parts to understand the whole in order to understand the parts.
What are the components of a Systems Model?
Inputs, processes, outputs, outcomes, and impact.
What percentage of problems in providing health services are related to weak steps in the process?
85%.
What is the primary focus when analyzing processes and systems?
Identifying where the weak steps are in the provision of services.
What does a Flow Chart represent?
A pictorial representation describing a process being studied.
What are the advantages of using a systems view?
- Identifies various process elements that are often overlooked
- Shows explicit links among inputs, processes, and outcomes
- Provides a framework for structured analysis of quality issues
- Explores causes of poor performance
True or False: Quality mainly fails within the parts of a system rather than between them.
False.
What are the steps involved in developing a flowchart?
- Determine the purpose
- Assemble the team
- Decide where the work begins and ends
- List the main steps and decisions
- Arrange the steps in proper order
- Link the steps with arrows
- Review draft
What is the purpose of the 5 Why Method?
To identify the root cause of a problem by asking ‘Why?’ five times.
What is a Cause and Effect Diagram also known as?
Ishikawa diagram or Fishbone diagram.
What does a Run Chart plot on its axes?
Frequency of a quality measure on the y-axis against a unit of time on the x-axis.
What is the median used for in a Run Chart?
It serves as the chart’s center line.
What is the Pareto principle?
For many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes.
What is a Control Chart used for?
To define expected variation in a process and identify sources of variation.
What does it mean if a process is ‘In-control’?
The process is stable, with data points within 3 standard deviations.
What should be identified when a process is ‘Out of control’?
Sources of variation, which may include unstable significant trends or runs.
Fill in the blank: A flowchart helps to clarify _______.
complex processes.
What are some common symbols used in flowcharting?
- Start / End points
- Process flow
- Decision or branch point
- Delay/bottleneck
What is the purpose of brainstorming?
To generate as many ideas as possible in a short time by tapping into group knowledge.
What does a Deployment Flowchart map out?
The process in a matrix form in terms of who is doing the steps/activities.
What is the significance of a high-level flowchart?
It provides a panoramic view of a process, showing major blocks of activity or system components.
What is the significance of using the median in a Run Chart?
It is not influenced by extreme values in the data.
