T4 - Bioenergetics

Question 1

Equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

carbon dioxide + water =(light)= glucose + oxygen

Question 2

Chemical formula for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H2O = C6 H12 O6 + 6O2

Question 2

What kind of reaction is photosynthesis?

Answer 2

endothermic

Question 3

Factors that affect photosynthesis? x4

Answer 3

-temperature
-light intensity
-carbon dioxide concentration
-amount of chlorophyll

Question 4

What happens if you increase the temperature too much for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

enzymes denature and rate of photosynthesis decreases

Question 5

Uses of glucose from respiration? x5

Answer 5

• used for respiration
• convert into starch for storage
• convert to fat or oil for storage
• produce cellulose
• used to produce amino acids

Question 6

Why is glucose turned into starch and stored?

Answer 6

To convert back to glucose when needed

Question 6

What are amino acids from plants used for?

Answer 6

to synthesise proteins

Question 7

What do plants need to do to make amino acids from glucose?

Answer 7

absorb nitrate ions from soil

Question 8

What do farmer do to greenhouses for more photosynthesis? x2

Answer 8

• add light and heat
  -add CO2

Question 9

What kind of reaction is respiration?

Answer 9

exothermic

Question 10

Equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water

Question 11

Chemical formula for aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

C6 H12 O6 + O2 = CO2 and H2O

Question 12

Why does aerobic respiration release a great deal of energy?

Answer 12

glucose molecule fully oxidised

Question 13

Equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles?

Answer 13

glucose = lactic acid

Question 14

Why does anaerobic respiration release less energy?

Answer 14

glucose molecule not fully oxidised

Question 15

Equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast?

Answer 15

Glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 16

What is anaerobic respiration in yeast called?

Answer 16

fermentation

Question 17

What is fermentation used for making? x2

Answer 17

-bread
-alcohol

Question 18

What increases during exercise? x3

Answer 18

-heart rate
-breathing rate
-breath volume

Question 19

What does lactic acid cause?

Answer 19

fatigued muscles

Question 20

What happens if muscles are fatigued?

Answer 20

stop contracting effitiently

Question 21

How is lactic acid converted back to glucose?

Answer 21

Blood transports lactic acid to liver

Question 22

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 22

amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid

Question 23

What is metabolism?

Answer 23

the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body

Question 24

What is the energy from respiration used by enzymes for?

Answer 24

To synthesise new molecules

Question 25

Reactions in metabolism? x3

Answer 25

• glucose conversion
• production of lipid
• breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion.

Question 26

What is glucose converted into in plants? x3

Answer 26

starch, cellulose and amino acids

Question 27

What is glucose converted to in humans?

Answer 27

glycogen

Question 28

What is used to make a lipid molecule?

Answer 28

1 glycerol molecule + 3 fatty acid molecule