Targeting

Question 1

What is targeting?

Targeting is the process of fusing what 2 things?

What is the Main obj of targeting?

Targeting is both a ______and _______level command function

Answer 1

the process of SELECTING and PRIORITIZING targets and MATCHING the appropriate RESPONSE to them, taking account of operational requirements and capabilities

Targeting is the process of fusing intel and ops

The main objective is to IDENTIFY resources the enemy can least afford to lose, or those that provide him with the greatest advantage.

Targeting is both a JOINT- and COMPONENT-level command function that:
 determines desired effects necessary to accomplish JFC objectives
 selects targets that achieve those effects
 selects or tasks the means to best engage those targets.

Question 2

Guidelines/Principles of Targeting

Answer 2

• Focused - Achieving JFC’s objective

• Interdisciplinary -Operators, intelligence, legal, geospatial, etc.

• Systematic - Achieve effects (lethal and nonlethal actions) in a systematic manner

• Effects-based - Produce specific effects (physical, functional, or psychological)

• Direct - directs lethal and nonlethal to create desired effects

Question 3

Categories of Target
Functions

Answer 3

Facilities, individuals, virtual, equipment, organization

Question 4

General targeting Categories

Answer 4

DELIBERATE: Prosecutes PLANNED targets, known to exist with engagement schedule to create effects which support JFC objectives

DYNAMIC: Prosecutes targets of OPPORTUNITY and changes to planned targets or objectives

Question 5

Deliberate targeting scheduling methodologies

Answer 5

Scheduled: prosecuted at a specific time

On-call: actions planned but not for specific delivery time

Question 6

Dynamic Targeting scheduling methodologies

Answer 6

Unplanned: known to exist in OE

Unanticipated: unknown or not expected

Question 7

What is the Joint Targeting Cycle Definition?

Answer 7

“An iterative process that is NOT time-constrained, and steps may occur CONCURRENTLY, but it provides a helpful FRAMEWORK to describe the steps that must be satisfied to successfully conduct joint targeting”

 Common methodology
 Authoritative, yet flexible
 Helpful to coordinate, synchronize, and de-conflict
 Minimizes duplication
 Aids in integration of capabilities
 Links objectives, effects, tactical actions
 Relevant through all phases of operations

Question 8

What is the joint targeting cycle steps (Enter The Candy Cunt Mighty Ass)

Answer 8

1: End State and Commanders Objectives
2: Target Development and Prioritization
3: Capabilities Analysis
4: Commanders Decision and Force Assignment
5: Mission Planning and Force Execution
6: Assessment

Question 9

Describe Step 1 “End State and CDRS OBJ” (D-PECRR)

Answer 9

DRIVES targeting
• Sets targeting PRIORITIES
• Determines desired/undesired EFFECTS
• Specifies DAMAGE CRITERIA
• Establishes RESTRICTIONS
• Sets collection REQUIREMENTS

Question 10

Describe Step 2 “TARGET DEVELOPMENT AND PRIORITIZATION” (DEEV)

Answer 10

• Determines TYPE AND DURATION OF ACTION necessary to achieve Commander’s objectives
• Entails systematic EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL TARGET SYSTEMS
• EACH CCMD DETERMINES ITS PRIORITIZATION CRITERIA in accordance with the mission and the Commander’s intent, guidance, and objectives
• VETTING AND VALIDATION determines if a target remains a viable element of the system and whether it is lawful target

Question 11

Describe the 3 steps of “TARGET DEVELOPMENT AND PRIORITIZATION”

Answer 11

1. TARGET SYSTEM ANALYSIS: An all-source examination of potential target systems to determine relevance to stated objectives, military importance, and priority of attack. It is an open-ended analytic process produced through the intelligence production process using national and theater validated requirements as a foundation”
2. ENTITY-LEVEL TARGET DEVELOPMENT:
   • Progresses target from initial ID to execution level detail
   • Simultaneously conducted across the Joint Force. Submit individual entities as TDNs by components, agencies, and MN partners.
   • Target Development Nomination (TDN): Entities submitted by analysts from across the joint force as a result of TSA and target development.
3. TARGET LIST MANAGEMENT
   Begins when a target is nominated for target development and ends with the creation and maintenance of a prioritized target list.
   Includes target:
   • Vetting
   • Validation
   • Listing
   • Nomination
   • Prioritization

Question 12

Candidate Target List (CTL):

Answer 12

A list of OBJECTS or ENTITIES submitted by component commanders, appropriate agencies, or the joint force commander’s staff for FURTHER DEVELOPMENTand inclusion on the joint target list and/or restricted target list, or moved to the no-strike list”

Question 13

Restricted Target List (RTL):

Answer 13

A list of restricted targets nominated by elements of the joint force and approved by the joint force commander. This list also includes restricted targets directed by higher authorities”

Question 14

No-Strike List (NSL):

Answer 14

A list of objects or entities characterized as PROTECTED from the effects of military operations under international law and/or ROE. Attacking these may violate the law of armed conflict or interfere with friendly relations with indigenous personnel or governments”

Question 15

Joint Target List (JTL):

Answer 15

A CONSOLIDATED AND VALIDATED list of selected targets, upon which there are NO RESTRICTIONS placed, considered to have military significance in the JFC AOR

Question 16

Target Nomination List (TNL):

Answer 16

A target-consolidated list of targets made up of the multiple candidate target lists.

*A PRIORITIZED list of targets drawn from the joint target list and nominated by component commanders, appropriate agencies, or the joint force commander’s staff for INCLUSION on the joint integrated prioritized target list”

CTL–>JTL–>TNL–>JIPTL

Question 17

(JIPTL):

Answer 17

Joint Integrated Prioritized Target List

A prioritized list of targets APPROVED and MAINTAINED by the JFC.

Targets and priorities are derived from the recommendations of components and other appropriate agencies, in conjunction with their proposed operations supporting the JFC’s objectives and guidance”

Question 18

Target Oversight Authority:

Answer 18

Individual(s) responsible for conducting planning, coordination, and deconfliction associated with joint targeting”

Question 19

Joint Targeting Coordination Board (JTCB):

Answer 19

A group formed by the JFC to accomplish broad targeting OVERSIGHT FUNCTIONSthat may include but are not limited to coordinating targeting information, providing targeting guidance and priorities, and refining the JIPTL. The board is normally comprised of representatives from the joint force staff, all components, and if required, component subordinate units”

Question 20

Describe Step 3 “CAPABILITIES ANALYSIS” (4 steps: Tom Cant Fucking Eat)

Answer 20

TARGET VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS.
-Building on the critical target elements identified in phase 2

CAPABILITIES ASSIGNMENT.
-Weaponeering is accomplished in this step
-Asset Target Interactions (ATIs) is created and evaluated

FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT.
-ATIs must be evaluated for feasibility.

EFFECTS ESTIMATE.
-Each feasible ATI should have first, second, and higher order effects identified.
-Collateral damage is a second order effect.

Question 21

Weaponeering

Answer 21

– Selecting weapon/system to inflict damage or effect
– Based on objectives and desired lethal and non-lethal effects

Question 22

Collateral Damage Estimation (CDE)

Answer 22

–UNINTENDED or INCIDENTAL damage to persons or objects which are not lawful targets
–CDE is conducted before operations to prepare the CDR for all possible effects of potential COAs
–Commanders must conduct a proper proportionality analysis to use the amount of force required to achieve a direct and concrete military advantage.
–CDE provides the process to predict and mitigate collateral damage
• Facilitates risk estimation and mitigation
• Identifies target engagement’s sensitivity and associated risks
• **Required on every target IAW ROE
• Target is weaponeered to balance accomplishing the mission with the risks to U.S. forces and the risk for collateral damage

Question 23

Describe step 4 “COMMANDER’S DECISION AND FORCE ASSIGNMENT” ( 5 Steps, CAAPI)

Answer 23

Integrates previous phases of JTC and fuses capabilities analysis with available forces, sensors, and weapons systems

Provides vital link between planning and ops

1. Consolidate Target Development and Capabilities Analysis Results.
2. Assemble Data on Friendly Force Status, Factoring in Operational Limitations and Apportionment Guidance
3. Assign Forces to Specific Targets and Supporting Missions.
4. Present Joint Targeting Recommendations to the JFC for Approval.
5. Issue Tasking Orders to Forces.

Question 24

Describe Step 5 “MISSION PLANNING AND FORCE EXECUTION”(PCPT)

Answer 24

Performed at operational and tactical levels
-tasked units conduct detailed planning and conduct assigned missions
-mission command monitors

Component planning
– OPORD/FRAGORD/ATO Input
– JFC support to units

**Target Engagement Authority (TEA): The authority to direct fires against approved targets.

Positive Identification: The reasonable certainty that a functionality and geospatially defined object of attack is a legitimate military target in accordance with the LOW and applicable ROE; also called PID

Question 25

Describe Step 6 ASSESSMENT (Monkey Butt Rape)

Answer 25

Measures progress toward mission accomplishment In general, the level at which a specified operation, task, or action is planned and executed should be the level at which it is assessed Combat assessment is composed of three elements: • BDA • Munitions effectiveness assessment • Re-attack recommendation

Question 26

Describe BDA and the three phases

Answer 26

Battle Damage Assessment (BDA): (PHYSICAL, CHANGE, FUNCTIONAL damage, TARGET system,---ASSESSMENT) the estimate of target damage or effect which is based on PHYSICAL damage assessment, CHANGE assessment, and FUNCTIONAL damage assessment, as well as TARGET system assessment, resulting from the application of lethal and nonlethal capabilities. BDA is conducted POST OPERATIONS to evaluate the EFFECTS of the actions conducted on the target. ***It facilitates advising the CDR on the MOEs and the MOPS - Phase 1: A PHYSICAL damage assessment is an estimate of the QUANTITATIVE extent of physical damage - Phase 2: FUNCTIONAL damage assessment is an estimate of the degradation or DESTRUCTION of the functional/operational capability of a target to perform its intended mission. - Phase 3: FUNCTIONAL Assessment of Higher-Level TARGET SYSTEM

Question 27

Purpose---Munitions Effectiveness Assessment?

Answer 27

Determining the effectiveness of munitions, weapons systems, and tactics. ***The purpose of MEA is to compare the ACTUAL effectiveness of the task to the ANTICIPATED effectiveness calculated during phase 3 capability analysis of the joint targeting cycle. MEA is conducted concurrently and interactively with BDA.

Question 28

Future Targeting and Re-attack Recommendation

Answer 28

***MERGE the picture of WHAT was done (BDA) with HOW it was done (MEA) and COMPARE the result with predetermined MOEs The purposes are to determine degree of success in achieving objectives and to formulate any required follow-up actions, or to indicate readiness to move on to new tasks in the path to achieving the overall JFC objectives.

Question 29

Measures of Effectiveness

Answer 29

• A MOE is a criterion used to ASSESS CHANGES in system behavior, capability, or operational environment that is tied to measuring the attainment of an end state, an objective, or the creation of an effect. It measures the relevance of actions being performed. • More subjective than MOP. • Can be qualitative and quantitative. "Are we doing the right things" The WHY in the mission statement - Intended purpose NOT tied to MOPs Tracked in formal assessment plans EXAMPLES?

Question 30

Measure of Performance

Answer 30

• A MOP is a criterion used to assess friendly ACTIONS that is tied to measuring task accomplishment. (tactical tasks) • Metrics should be: relevant, measurable (against baseline), responsive, and resourced. "Are we doing things right" WHAT in the mission statement Not tied to MOEs Tracked in Execution Matrices EXAMPLES?

Question 31

What is the purpose of Joint Targeting?

Answer 31

The purpose is to provide the JFC with a TARGET LIST to support the joint force campaign OBJECTIVES Components, of which SOF is one, must understand the Joint Targeting Cycle to achieve the effects necessary to accomplish the JFC objectives.

Question 32

Describe the role of the SOLE

Answer 32

Typically a joint team provided by the JFSOCC to the JFACC at the JAOC (Joint Air Operations Center) to coordinate, deconflict and synchronize special operations air, surface and subsurface activities with joint air operations. JFSOCC-->JFACC @ JAOC SOLE Director: - works directly for the JFSOCC / CDR JSOTF - has no command authority; does NOT make decisions - places SOF ground, maritime, and air members in the JAOC ***Role: Critical to integrating the ARSOF/JSOTF Commander’s targeting needs with the Joint Force Responsibilities: • Provide JSOTF/ARSOF combat plan to JFACC/JAOC. • Coordinate ARSOF/JSOTF requests for air support. • Synchronizes maneuver and fires by exchanging operational and intelligence data. • De-conflict airspace requirements • Integrate ADA with defensive counter-air • Provide feedback on the air war to JSOTF

Question 33

What are the 3 Perspective of SOF Targets?

Answer 33

Strategic Targets: Vital to friendly objectives and the adversary’s overall political, military, and economic operations or psychological stability. Operational Targets: Critical to the adversary’s capability to conduct battles on a relatively local scale. Such targets may include logistics and C4I functions to support and direct tactical operations. Tactical Targets: Affect the adversary’s capability to conduct battles on a relatively localized basis.

Question 34

What are the positive effects of targeting management? (MAIT)

Answer 34

PRIMARY EXAMPLES ** Minimizes populace disruption and creates IO opportunities ** Applies pressure on the enemy Op Cycle ** ID INTEL gaps ** Trusts instincts, hunches and seizes unforeseen opportunities * Allows forces to ID, Target, Destroy cells and networks (Long term implication) * Prioritizes and synergizes operational effort Offensive Operations ** Applies constant pressure on the Adversary Operational Cycle - Targets entire insurgent movement vs. individuals - Trusts instincts, hunches and seizes unforeseen opportunities - Neutralizes when necessary in order to achieve mid to long term affects Precision Targeting - Develops an adaptive offensive strategy that is effects based and applies operational patience for higher gains ** Minimizes collateral disruption among the populace and creates IO opportunities - Demonstrates an offensive presence that demoralizes the enemy and discourages potential recruits Effects cont: ** Identifies intelligence gaps ** Prioritizes and synergizes operational effort - Identifies opportunities for surge/ synchronized operations - Enhances ability to forecast enemy reaction and enemy counters post operations ** Long term implication: Allows forces to Identify, Target, and Destroy cells and networks.

Question 35

Targeting Guidelines (FISE + D)

Answer 35

1. Focused 2. Effects Based 3. Interdisciplinary 4. systematic 5. directs FISE (principles) + directs

Question 36

What is a target?

Answer 36

A target is an ENTITY or OBJECT (that performs a function for the enemy) considered for possible engagement or other action. It may be an … FIVE-O

Question 37

***Target Characteristics (C-PEFT)

Answer 37

Cognitive - describe how targets process information or exercise control functions. Physical - generally discernible to the five senses. Environmental - describe the effect of the environment on the target. Functional - describe what the target does and how it does it. Temporal - describes the target’s vulnerability to detection, attack, or other engagement in relation to the time available.

Question 38

Target Types-six

Answer 38

HVT HPT High Value Individual Time Sensitive Targets No strike Restricted Target List

Question 39

HVT vs HPT

Answer 39

HVT: Target/asset req for success of enemy COA HPT: Target/asset loss to enemy, contribute to success of friendly COA (subset of HVT) High Value Targets: A target the enemy commander requires for the successful completion of the mission. High Payoff Targets: (subset of HVTs) A target whose loss to the enemy will significantly contribute to the success of the friendly COA. HPTL is a prioritized list of HPT

Question 40

High Value Individual:

Answer 40

High Value Individual: A high-value individual is a PERSON of INTEREST (friendly, adversary, or enemy) who must be identified, surveilled, TRACKED and influenced through the use of information or fires.

Question 41

Time Sensitive Targets:

Answer 41

Time Sensitive Targets: A target or set of targets requiring IMMEDIATE response because it is a highly lucrative, fleeting target of opportunity or it poses (or will soon pose) a danger to friendly forces.

Question 42

No-Strike:

Answer 42

No-Strike: Objects or entities characterized as protected from the effects of military operations under international law and/or ROE. Attacking these may violate the law of armed conflict or interfere with friendly relations with indigenous personnel or governments

Question 43

Restricted Target List:

Answer 43

Restricted Target List: VALID target that has specific RESTRICTIONS placed on the actions authorized against it due to OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

Question 44

Explain the Army's deliberate targeting methodology

Answer 44

The Decide, Detect, Deliver, and Assess (D3A) deliberate targeting methodology is an integral part of the decision cycle from receipt of the mission through OPORD execution. **Each part of the methodology occurs at the same time and sequentially **As decisions are made in planning future operations, current operations staff elements execute detection and attack of targets on the basis of prior decisions. Top-Down-Approach

Question 45

D3A: DECIDE

Answer 45

-provides the overall focus -SETS PRIORITIES FOR INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION and attack planning. Draws heavily on a DETAILED IPB and continuous assessment of the situation. -Target DEV -TVA -HPT and HVT -TSS -Attack Options -Attack Guidance -ISR

Question 46

Target Value Analysis

Answer 46

The TVA process identifies potential HVT sets associated with critical enemy functions that could interfere with the friendly COA or that are key to enemy success. QUANTIFIES THE RELATIVE VALUE OF HVTS WITH EACH OTHER IN RELATION TO A PARTICULAR ENEMY COA • Separate process conducted initially during IPB • Repeated throughout the operations process as part of targeting • Most current intelligence related to the enemy • Initially based on the threat/adversary templates (Step 3 of IPB) • Refined based on the threat/adversary COAs (Step 4 of IPB) • Continually refined based on changes to the enemy situation overlay during operations

Question 47

Intelligence Collection vs Targeting

Answer 47

Intelligence is collected and reported to higher for analysis and dissemination. The disseminated intelligence product is used by various branches of the USG for monitoring emerging security issues and developing US policy Targeting requires working down to the primary source of the information in order to develop actionable intel. success requires matching the actionable intelligence with prosecution capabilities

Question 48

D3A: DETECT

Answer 48

-Focus on HPTs and PIRs. ---> Target TRACKING (maintain current location) - Determines accurate, identifiable, and timely requirements for collection systems • Fires Cell tells the S2 the degree of accuracy required and dwell time for a target to be eligible for attack (TSS) • Update the HPTL and AGM • ISR Synchronization Matrix The G-2 or S-2 is responsible for directing the effort to detect HPTs identified in the decide function.

Question 49

D3A DELIVER

Answer 49

**This function EXECUTES the target GUIDANCE and SUPPORTS the CDR BATTLE PLAN once the HPTs have been located and Identified. Execution of the Attack Guidance Matrix (AGM) “Fire Support Coordination Measure (FSCM): A measure employed by land or amphibious commanders to facilitate the rapid engagement of targets and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces” -Attack -Planned Targets -Targets of Opportunity -Desired Effects -Attack Systems

Question 50

D3A ASSESS

Answer 50

The determination of the EFFECTIVENESS of force employment during military operations. -Tactical Level -Operational Level -Restrike -Feedback

Question 51

Taxonomy

Answer 51

Adversary Target System Target System Component Target Target Element Critical Element Critical Damage Point

Question 52

COG

Answer 52

• A COG is a source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action, or will to act. • The purpose of performing COG analysis is to determine and evaluate the enemy’s Critical Vulnerabilities (CVs) for exploitation. • The results of COG analysis are later used during Course of Action Development to exploit identified vulnerabilities. • Vulnerabilities = HVT

Question 53

COG Critical Factors

Answer 53

Critical Capabilities (CC) -Essential to objective accomplishment -Key word is a verb: It can destroy Seize an objective Prevent you from achieving a mission Critical Requirements (CR) -An essential condition, resource, and means for a critical capability to be fully operational Critical Vulnerabilities (CV) -An aspect of a critical requirement which is deficient or vulnerable to direct or indirect attack that will create decisive or significant effects.

Question 54

COG analysis Technique / Sequence

Answer 54

 Identify the end state  Define the primary CC  Identify the COG. (“Who possess the means to execute the primary CC that achieves the ES?” The response to this question is the most likely candidate for COG)  Identify the CRs required to execute the CC.  Identify critical vulnerabilities (CV).

Question 55

CARVER and purpose

Answer 55

Criticality Accessibility Recuperability Vulnerability Effect Recognizability Purpose of CARVER is to determine the military importance of target Components, the priority of attack, and weapons required to obtain a desired effect on a target or set of targets.

Question 56

Target Value Analysis Steps

Answer 56

1. ID Threat 2. Analyze Threat 3. ID HVT. Develop HVTL 4. COA Analysis 5. Analyze the HVTL. ID HPT 6. Develop HPTL

Question 57

Target development generally results in four products:

Answer 57

- target development nominations - target folders - collection and exploitation requirements - target briefs

Question 58

Vetting vs Validation

Answer 58

VETTING assesses the accuracy of the supporting intelligence to establish a reasonable level of confidence in a target’s functional characterization VALIDATION ensures all vetted targets meet the objectives and criteria outlined in the commander’s guidance, and ensures compliance with the law of war (LOW) and rules of engagement (ROE) Both are a key part of target development. Both reduce risk in identification of inappropriate/illegitimate targets.

Question 59

What's the challenge with targeting?

Answer 59

-Sifting through massive amounts of intel -examine the adversary from a macro level -characterize vulnerabilities with enough detail to derive meaning.

Question 60

How do we overcome the challenges to targeting?

Answer 60

-Conduct IPB -Strict adherence to various processes like TVA, COG Analysis, CARVER -PIRs must be tied to a decision point -(Fusion) S2 & S3 must coordinate the collection effort and targeting effort -Update the collection plan, strict management of assets and disseminate information

Question 61

What constitutes a prioritized list of targets whose loss to the enemy will contribute to the success of the friendly course of action?

Answer 61

High Pay-Off Target List (HPTL)

Question 62

What are assets the enemy commander needs for successful completion of his mission?

Answer 62

High Value Targets (HVTs)

Question 63

What are the physical and or/ morale entities that are the primary components of strength, power and resistance?

Answer 63

Center of Gravity

Question 64

The most important elements of effective dynamic dynamic targeting?

Answer 64

Detailed commander’s objectives and guidance and (CCIRs) guidance should articulate the risk tolerance

Question 65

Dynamic targets vs deliberate targets

Answer 65

Dynamic Targets Targets identified too late, or not selected, for action in time to be included in deliberate targeting but when detected meet criteria specific to achieving objectives. Deliberate Target Targets known to exist in the operational environment, upon which actions are planned using deliberate targeting, creating effects which support commander’s objectives.

Question 66

Dynamic targets can be used for both....

Answer 66

Lethal and nonlethal capabilities

Question 67

F2T2EA Process "Kill Chain" (multi service)

Answer 67

(1) Find. Detect and classify targets for prosecution. (2) Fix. Determine the location of the potential target. (3) Track. Observe and monitor the target’s activity and movement. (4) Target. Decide whether to engage the target and select and coordinate the means to create the desired effects. (5) Engage. Take action against the target. (6) Assess. Focus on the results of the target engagement. Battle damage assessment (BDA) is critical to determine if an immediate reattack is required.

Question 68

Dynamic (HVI) Targeting Method

Answer 68

F3EAD FIND FIX FINISH EXPLOIT ANALYZE DISSEMINATE

Question 69

F3EAD

Answer 69

*provides MANEUVER leaders at all levels with a methodology that enables them to organize resources and array forces across the range of operations. *provides the maneuver commander an additional tool to address CERTAIN TARGETING CHALLENGES *F3EAD is not a replacement for D3A nor is it exclusive to targeting. Example of TTPs that work at tactical level *The exploit and analyze steps are often the main efforts of F3EAD because they provide insight into the enemy’s network and may open new lines of operation.

Question 70

FIND (F3EAD)

Answer 70

The process of establishing a START point for intelligence collection. ***Can be deliberate or opportunity-based Uses CMDRS guidance, priorities and IPB to detect and nominate potential HVIs for dev -- uses full range of intel capes Takes place at ALL LEVELS of both the intelligence and operations systems HVI network ID and analyzed

Question 71

FIX (F3EAD)

Answer 71

Applying INTEL COLLECTION capability against the target to develop OP-TRIGGERS to “fix” the target in space and time. Fixing a target simply means that the intelligence effort has progressed enough that the operations function has sufficient information to execute the mission Maximize effects while minimizing costs, effort, and time by reaching out to higher “2” shops, adjacent units, and the IC.  1) sufficient info on target to execute mission 2) target is ID 3) location accuracy refined to a level required for engagement 4) fixed in time and space -- intel capes 5) ISR to fix target and brings to next decisive phase

Question 72

FINISH (F3EAD)

Answer 72

Lethal combat operations in which SOF close with and destroy or seize enemy facilities, equipment, or personnel.  Previously considered the main effort.  Also non-kinetic! Neutralization of an enemy communications node, disrupting a courier network, legal prosecution of key terrorist personalities, or achieving a desired psychological, political, or social effect are just as much a part of “finish” as missile strikes or combat assaults.  ** Kinetic or non kinetic action on tgt target is isolated and engaged target location secured exploitation force on site

Question 73

EXPLOIT (F3EAD)

Answer 73

Main effort of F3EAD… the most CRITICAL single step in the process… leads to the finding, fixing, and finishing of the next target and the perpetuation of the cycle.  The process of examining, analyzing, interrogating, and processing captured enemy personnel, equipment, and materiel for intelligence purposes. Purpose is to produce enough actionable intelligence and/or prosecutorial evidence to perpetuate the F3EAD process as rapidly as possible.  four steps include: Force pro targeting component materiel sourcing prosecution

Question 74

ANALYZE (F3EAD)

Answer 74

The “analyze” phase is where the information gained in the find, fix, finish, and exploit phases turns into intelligence which can be used to drive operations.  Analysis can be performed by SOF in theater, or information and materiel can be sent back to CONUS for further in-depth analysis. The exploit, analyze, and disseminate steps amplify the assess function.

Question 75

DISSEMINATE (F3EAD)

Answer 75

-Creation of a wider dissemination network than what has traditionally been practiced inside the US intelligence community.  -Dissemination is a key aspect of the SOF targeting process and warrants inclusion as an independent phase of the SOF targeting cycle.  -Dissemination of intelligence information gleaned through the SOF targeting process helps to create “A NETWORK TO DEFEAT A NETWORK” throughout the intelligence enterprise and helps eliminate intelligence stovepipes.  Spread info/knowledge gathered resulting exploitation and analysis Intel and info is pushed higher, lower to adjacent units Databases/Matrices assessment updated

Question 76

What are four goals of Target Exploitation?

Answer 76

Force pro targeting component materiel sourcing prosecution

Question 77

Information gained in the find, fix, finish, and exploit phases turns into intelligence which can be used to drive operations is what part of F3EAD?

Answer 77

Analyze

Question 78

F3EAD is best suited for what level of operations

Answer 78

Tactical

Question 79

What step in F2T2EA allows you to focus sensors, locate, identify a potential target?

Answer 79

Fix

Question 80

What is the difference between the track and target phases? (F2T2EA)

Answer 80

The track phase is used to provide persistent ISR on the target while the target phase validates that the target is approved for engagement.

Question 81

What is the most important output of the assess phase? (F2T2EA)

Answer 81

The timely report of estimated or confirmed engagement results