Task 6 Flashcards
(19 cards)
Bipolar Disorder
Manic depression
- mania and depression
Mania
- Racing thoughts
- feelings of grandiosity
- decreased need for sleep
- irritability
Depression (in bipolar disorder)
- sadness
- apathy
- hopelessness
- low energy
Depressive Disorders
-only depressive aspect (no mania as in bipolar)
Anhedonia
In depression
- loss of interest in everything in life
Psychomotor retardation
- slowing down
- talking more quiet
- chronically fatigued
- no quick reaction
Psychomotor agitation
- physical agitation
- can not sit still
- move around a lot
- fidget (zappeln) aimlessly
Delusions & Hallucinations
People with severe depression may have this
- lose touch with reality
- beliefs with no base in reality
- may hear and see things that are not real
(That are usually negative)
Prevalence of major depression
Lifetime 5.2-17.1 %
Lifetime risk men: 20%
Lifetime risk women: 30%
Comorbidities of depression
- with anxiety problems highly comorbid: about 60%
Major Depressive Disorder DSM-V diagnosis
Five or more symptoms need to be present during same 2-week period
- they need to show change from normal functioning
- at least one must be either
1. Depressed mood
Or
2. Loss of interest or pleasure - 5 criteria in DSM-V (A-E)
Major Depressive Disorder
Criterion A
- Depressed mood most of the day
—> indicated subjective or by others - Diminished interest/pleasure in all or almost all activities most of the day (almost) every day
- Significant weight loss (when not dieting) or weight gain (change of more than 5% of weight in a month)
- or decrease/increase in appetite nearly daily - Insomnia or hypersomnia
- Psychomotor agitation/retardation nearly every day (observable by others)
- Fatigue or energy loss (nearly everyday)
- Feelings of worthlessness/excessive/inappropriate guilt (nearly every day)
- Diminished ability to think/concentrate or indecisiveness (Unschlüssigkeiten) (nearly every day)
- Recurrent thoughts of death, suicidal ideation without specific plan, suicide attempt or specific plan to commit suicide
Major Depressive Disorder
Criterion B
Symptoms cause
- clinically significant distress
- social impairment
- occupational impairment
- or impairment in other important areas of functioning
Major Depressive Disorder
Criterion C
Episode can’t be attributed to physiological effects of substance or medical condition
Major Depressive Disorder
Criterion D
Occurrence of disorder not better explained by
- schizoaffective disorder
- schizophrenia
- schizophreniform disorder
- delusional disorder
- or other (un)specific schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
Major Depressive Disorder
Criterion E
There was never a manic episode or hypomanic episode
BUT not if episodes like this occurred due to: - substances
- other medical condition
Persistent Depressive Disorder
Chronic form of Depression
- need to meet criteria of major depressive disorder for 2 years
- has diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder
diagnosis requires:
- poor appetite
- insomnia or hypersomnia
- low energy, fatigue
- low self-esteem
- poor concentration
- hopelessness
Subtypes of major depressive disorder
- anxious distress
- mixed features
- melancholic features
- psychotic features
- catatonic features
- atypical features
- seasonal pattern
- peripartum onset
Premenstrual dysmorphic disorder
Increased distress in premenstrual phase of menstrual cycle
- symptoms often mix of depression, anxiety, tension, irritability, anger
- they may occur in mood swings
- many experience it mildly, only 2% match criteria