Task 6 - Error monitoring

Question 1

What does the effect of OFC and MCC lesions tell us about stimulus-value and action-value associations?

Study by Camile et al. (2011)

Answer 1

• OFC responsible for stimulus-value associations (worse at that task)
• MCC responsible for action-value associations (worse at that task)

Question 2

What is ERN?

Answer 2

• Error-related negativity is a component of ERPs; a negative deflection in EEG signals that peaks around 50-100ms after a person made an error
• Believed to be generated by the ACC

Question 3

Ullsperger’s neural network for performance monitoring

Answer 3

1. MCC detects error and activates the habenular complex
2. The habenular complex sends inhibitory signals to VTA/SNc and lead to decrease in dopamine

Question 4

The cingulate cortex

Answer 4

Is immediately under the medial PFC, sometimes grouped together. Seperated into:
Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC): Affective functions
Midcingulate Cortex (MCC): Motor-related functions

Question 5

ERN’s and OCD

Answer 5

• People with OCD show larger ERNs; their brains overreact to errors
• Increased resting-state ACC activity in OCD

Question 6

ERN’s and Schizophrenia

Answer 6

• Reduced ERN and weaker ACC activation
• Suggests impaired error-monitoring