Taxonomic Group of Selected Animals Part B

Question 1

Type of gaits

Answer 1

plantigrade – man
unguligrade – horses
digitigrade – cat

Question 2

all hardened portions of the animal

Answer 2

Skeleton

Question 3

skeleton that is external, lifeless secretion (no cells)

Answer 3

Invertebrates

Question 4

skeleton that is invariably cellular

Answer 4

Vertebrates

Question 5

skeleton derived from skin; protective covering

Answer 5

Exoskeleton

Question 6

skeleton derived from mesoderm; support, framework, and muscle attachmen

Answer 6

Endoskeleton

Question 7

parts of the epidermis

Answer 7

stratified epithelium, cutaneous glands present

Question 8

parts of the Dermis

Answer 8

fibrous connective tissue of loose irregular or of dense parallel fibers.

Question 9

The Skin of Aquatic Vertebrates

Answer 9

Epidermis – thin with mucous gland cells
Dermis – loose and compact layers

Question 10

layers of the skin

Answer 10

corneum
lucidum
granulosum
spinosum
basale

Question 11

amniote skin

Answer 11

Stratum corneum
Reptiles – molts
Birds – thin and delicate
Reptiles and birds – cutaneous glands
Mammals – thick skin

Question 12

cutaneous glands in mammals

Answer 12

sebaceous sweat
mammary or milk glands
The amniote skin

Question 13

pigments as diffuse substance or granules (epidermal) chromatophores (dermal)

Answer 13

Color

Question 14

three types of granules (epidermal) chromatophores (dermal)

Answer 14

melanophores
xanthophores or lipophores
guanophores or iridocytes

Question 15

hardening of the epidermis or dermis or
both

Answer 15

Exoskeleton derived from skin

Question 16

exoskeleton derived from epidermis; produced by stratum germinativum; specialized portions of the stratum corneum

Answer 16

Exoskeleton derived Epidermal

Question 17

from dermis; consists of bone or related structure; produced by dermatome (mesoderm)

Answer 17

Exoskeleton derived Dermal

Question 18

The age and hence the growth rate of fishes can be determined by studying the
_______ of the scales

Answer 18

concentric ridges

Question 19

The Dermal Fin Rays
Dermal origin; supporting the fins

Answer 19

a. Ceratotrichia
b. Actinotrichia
c. Lepidotrichia
d. Camptotrichia

Question 20

are keratinized rods that radiate out like vanes in a fan to internally support the fins of chondrichthyan fishes, are slender keratinized rods.

Answer 20

Ceratotrichia

Question 21

in bony fishes are usually an ossified or chondrified series of tiny elements that strengthen this web

Answer 21

Fin rays, or lepidotrichia

Question 22

In some bony fishes, the tip of the fin may be further stiffened by additional keratinized rods

Answer 22

actinotrichia

Question 23

dorsal scutes

Answer 23

Epidermal scutes

Question 24

ventral plates

Answer 24

Dermal plates

Question 25

Epidermal scutes

Answer 25

neural scutes costal scutes marginal scutes nuchal scutes pygal scutes

Question 26

Dermal plates

Answer 26

nuchal plate vertebral or neural plates postneural or precaudal plates pygal plate costal plates marginal plates

Question 27

Exoskeleton of turtles

Answer 27

Carapace

Question 28

Exoskeleton of turtles

Answer 28

Plastron

Question 29

dermal plates (ventral)

Answer 29

gular humeral pectoral abdominal femoral anal

Question 30

Dermal plates (dorsal)

Answer 30

epiplastra entoplastron – single, median hyoplastra hypoplastra xiphiplastra

Question 31

Exoskeleton of Birds

Answer 31

feathers

Question 32

Kinds of Bird Feathers

Answer 32

Down feather Contour feather Filoplume Filoplume

Question 33

Short stem or quill circle of soft rays or barbs barbules

Answer 33

down feather

Question 34

central axis or quill weblike vane –outer vane and inner vane shaft or rachis calamus inferior umbilicus superior umbilicus umbilical groove barbs barbules

Answer 34

contour feather

Question 35

Main axis or shaft Few terminal barbs

Answer 35

filoplume

Question 36

Feather tracts also known as

Answer 36

pterylae

Question 37

featherless areas

Answer 37

apterylae

Question 38

may cover the body (scaly anteaters) or only in the tail and legs in mammals

Answer 38

horny scales

Question 39

only living mammals with armor of epidermal scutes and dermal plates

Answer 39

armadillos

Question 40

Exoskeleton of Mammals

Answer 40

True horns Antlers Hair horns Short horns of giraffe