Taxonomy Quiz

Question 1

____ divided living things into 2 groups. What were the groups?

Answer 1

Aristotle; Plants & Animals

Question 2

Who was the father of modern taxonomy?

Answer 2

Carolus Linneaus

Question 3

Order in binomial nomenclature

Answer 3

Genus species

Question 4

What are the 3 physical appearance classifications, explain.

Answer 4

Asymmetrical= irregular
Bilateral=2 halves look alike
Radial=parts radiate out from the center

Question 5

What is a cladogram?

Answer 5

shows relationships & evolutionary history

Question 6

List 8 levels of taxonomy

Answer 6

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 7

3 domains & 6 kingdoms

Answer 7

Archaea=archaebacteria
Bacteria=eubacteria
eukarya=protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

Question 8

What are viruses?

Answer 8

not in domains/kingdoms
nonliving
not made of cells
cannot reproduce w/o a host cell

Question 9

what do viruses look like?

Answer 9

capsid
nucleic acid
tail

Question 10

what are the viral replication cycles called?

Answer 10

lytic & lysogenic cycles

Question 11

what is the lytic cycle?

Answer 11

1. virus attaches to the cell
2. DNA from the virus enters the cell
3. The cell makes new viral DNA and proteins
4. New viruses are assembled from the proteins and DNA
5. The cell breaks open and the viruses are released

Question 12

What is the lysogenic cycle?

Answer 12

viral nucleic acid becomes part of the host cell’s chromosome and forms provirus that can be activated to enter lytic cycle

Question 13

Archebacteria

Answer 13

kingdom
prokaryote
unicellular
cell wall
live in extreme environments

Question 14

Eubacteira

Answer 14

kingdom
unicellular
cell wall
no nucleus or membrane bound organelles

Question 15

Binary Fission

Answer 15

asexual reproduction

1. copies chromosome (DNA replication)
2. chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell
3. cell splits in half
4. results in 2 genetically identical cells

Question 16

Conjugation

Answer 16

sexual reproduction

1. cells connect and transfer circular DNA (plasmids)
2. bacteria with new genetic composition formed
   - creates variation

Question 17

3 helpful bacteria

Answer 17

Nitrogen fixing=makes nitrogen and that’s used by plants and then eaten by animals

Decomposers=recycle nutrients

Transgenic=contains recombinant DNA that makes human insulin and human growth hormone

Question 18

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 18

needs oxygen
makes water, more ATP, CO2
do not have mitochondria

Question 19

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 19

does not need oxygen

makes less ATP, CO2, lactic acid, alcohol

Question 20

Antigen

Answer 20

recognizes things that cause infections (pathogens)

Question 21

Antibodies

Answer 21

proteins that fight infections

Question 22

Memory Cells

Answer 22

remembers which antibody worked

Question 23

Killer Cells

Answer 23

identifies cells that are infected and eats them so they can’t spread the disease

Question 24

Protist

Answer 24

most unicellular, can be multi

lives in watery environment

Question 25

3 types of protists

Answer 25

animal-like fungi-like plant-like

Question 26

Animal-like protist

Answer 26

heterotroph | no cell wall

Question 27

Fungi-like protist

Answer 27

heterotroph | cell wall

Question 28

Plank-like protist

Answer 28

autotroph photosynthetic cell wall

Question 29

Amoeba (FEEDING & MOVEMENT)

Answer 29

protist heterotroph Feeding-uses pseudopods (finger-like projections) to form food vacuoles Movement-form as cytoplasm flows in specific direction

Question 30

Paramecium (FEEDING & MOVEMENT-paramecia)

Answer 30

protist heterotroph MUST EAT FOOD Feeding-uses cilia to funnel food into oral groove Movement-cilia moves protist through water

Question 31

Euglena (FEEDING & MOVEMENT)

Answer 31

``` protist autotroph chloroplasts eye spot to detect light Movement-uses flagella for movement ```

Question 32

What 2 reproductions can protists do?

Answer 32

binary fission & conjugation

Question 33

Algae

Answer 33

protist autotroph does most photosynthesis

Question 34

Fungi

Answer 34

kingdom heterotroph cell wall- chitin does decomposition

Question 35

Rhizoids

Answer 35

fungi 1. grow down into food source 2. secretes enzymes that digest food 3. absorbs nutrients to feed fungus

Question 36

Reproductive hyphae

Answer 36

1. grow up and form sporangia (spore cases) | 2. spores burst out of case and land on other food sources

Question 37

Animalia

Answer 37

kingdom multicellular no cell walls heterotroph

Question 38

Plantae

Answer 38

``` kingdom eukaryotic producer autotroph photosynthetic cell wall-cellulose larger than animal cells ```

Question 39

Photosynthesis formula

Answer 39

CO2 + H20 + energy --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Question 40

Moss

Answer 40

``` spore plants no true roots, stems, leaves nonvascular water and nutrients move by diffusion reproduce with spores grow in shady, damp areas ```

Question 41

Ferns

Answer 41

``` spore plants true roots, stems, and leaves vascular (xylem & phloem) reproduce with spores grow in shady, damp areas ```

Question 42

cotyledon

Answer 42

embryo in seed plant

Question 43

Gymnosperms

Answer 43

produce cones | needle-like leaves

Question 44

Cones (male vs female)

Answer 44

pollen cones containing sperm-male | seed cones containing eggs-female

Question 45

Angiosperms

Answer 45

produce flowers/fruits broad leaves drop their leaves

Question 46

Flowers (male vs female)

Answer 46

stamen with anther (has pollen w/ sperm)-male | pistil with ovaries (has ovules w/ eggs)-female

Question 47

Pollination

Answer 47

Pollen transferred from stamen to pistil

Question 48

Fertilization

Answer 48

sperm travel down pollen tube and joins w/ egg

Question 49

Germination

Answer 49

growth of plant from seed | ends dormant period of seed

Question 50

Root

Answer 50

plant tissue | absorbs minerals and water from soil

Question 51

Stem

Answer 51

plant tissue | transports water and minerals up (xylem) and food down (phloem)

Question 52

Leaves

Answer 52

plant tissue site of photosynthesis transpiration occurs through leaves

Question 53

Xylem & phloem

Answer 53

vascular tissue X-moves water and minerals up P-moves food down from leaves

Question 54

Spongy layer

Answer 54

vascular tissue | CO2 in O2 out

Question 55

Stomata

Answer 55

vascular tissue CO2 in, O2 & H2O out has guard cells regulates transpiration

Question 56

Guard cells

Answer 56

vascular tissue water in--> swell and bend to open stomata water out --> shrink and close the stomata

Question 57

Transpiration

Answer 57

``` plants lose water to atmosphere open stomata=increase in transpiration destruction of rainforest=decrease in transpiration water moves from biotic-->abiotic part of water cycle ```