Tech: Breathing System -Part III (Exam 2) Flashcards
(33 cards)
Trace Gas Levels
Volume/volume = ?
100% of a gas is 1,000,000 ppm; 1% is 10,000 ppm (parts per million)
When are trace gas levels higher?
Pediatric anesthesia, in dental operations, and in poorly ventilated PACU
Is there any evidence that trace anesthetic gases are harmful?
No, it is suggestive rather than conclusive
What is the only health effects for which there is reasonably convincing evidence that trace anesthetic gases are harmful?
women and reproductive problems
Trace Gas Control Measures
Goal - reduce concentrations to the lowest level consistent with a reasonable amount of effort and money. What are the ways to achieve this?
- scavenging
- equipment leaks
- work techniques
- room ventilation system
What does the Gas-collecting Assembly do in the scavenging system?
collects excess gases and delivers them to the transfer means
What does the scavenging system interface do?
Serves to prevent pressure increases or decrease in the scavenging system from being transmitted to the breathing system and ventilator
What are 3 elements of the scavenging interface system?
- positive pressure relief
- negative pressure relief
- reservoir capacity
In the scavenging system interface, _____ is not exerted onto the patient circuit.
negative pressure
If you hear the _______ alarm you need to check the ______
positive pressure, reservoir
Scavenging System
What are of the passive system is expensive and effective for only a short period of time?
Adsorption Device
Scavenging System
Wind currents do not effect what system?
Active duct system
Equipment Leaks
What is the most common site of high pressure leak?
the yoke
Equipment Leaks
What is the most common location for low-pressure leaks?
…and the most common site is what?
Breathing System
CO2 Absorber
In the Room Ventilation System what is the recommended amount of exchanges?
20 exchanges per hour or
once every 3 minutes
What kind of pressure do OR rooms have?
positive pressure
What are examples of infrared analyzers?
POx, CO2 & O2 analyzer
these are analyzers that can scan the infrared spectrum and can be programmed to distinguish individual inhalational agents are available
Monitoring Trace Gases
TWA -Time-weighted average
OSHA recommends:
______ alone 25 ppm
______ agent alone 2 ppm
______ agent combination
-N20 alone 25 ppm
-Halogenated agent alone 2 ppm
-N2O/hal agent combination -N2O 25 ppm
halogenated agent 0.5 ppm
Hazards of Anesthesia Machines and Breathing Systems
What have studies shown to be more frequent than equipment failure?
human error
Hypercapnia is bet detected using ________. Inspired CO2 will be zero if properly functioning.
capnometry
What are the risks of a hole or tear in the ventilator bellows?
- risk for barotrauma
- receiving more gas during inspiration
- dilute anesthetic gas
- more O2
- decreased CO2
What could excessive airway pressure be from?
- oxygen flush valve stuck
- obstruction of the expiratory limb
- vent spill becomes stuck
- obstruction of the scavenging system
- misconnected oxygen tubing
What could result in anesthesia awareness in the patient?
inadequate anesthetic delivery (not turning the gas on)
Which gas has an alarm and which do not?
Desflurane has an alarm when anesthetic gas gets low
Concentration calibrated vaporizers do not
