techniques for studying developmental neuro

Question 1

c. elegans - ADVANTAGES
worm

Answer 1

easy to use
fast life cycle
cheap
live imaging
only 302 neurons

Question 2

c. elegans - DISADVANTAGES
worm

Answer 2

invertebrate (no cortex / neural crest)
evolutionary distance
simple NS

Question 3

fruit fly - ADVANTAGES

Answer 3

fast life cycle
powerful genetic systems

Question 4

fruit fly - DISADVANTAGES

Answer 4

invertebrate (no cortex / neural crest)
evolutionary distance

Question 5

zebrafish - ADVANTAGES
(danio)

Answer 5

fast life cycle
powerful genetics
good for imaging - embryo

Question 6

zebrafish - DISADVANTAGES

Answer 6

evolutionary distance

Question 7

xenopus - ADVANTAGES
frog

Answer 7

early access to embryo
large early embryo

Question 8

zenopus - DISADVANTAGES
frog

Answer 8

evolutionary distance

Question 9

chicken - ADVANTAGES

Answer 9

easy access to embryo
cheap

Question 10

chicken - DISADVANTAGES

Answer 10

difficult to generate models

Question 11

mouse - ADVANTAGES

Answer 11

mammalian
powerful genetic model

Question 12

mouse - DISADVATNAGES

Answer 12

slow to generate models
expensive

Question 13

immunohistochemistry

Answer 13

labelling target proteins via antibodies

Question 14

clarity

Answer 14

whole brain fluroscent imaging

Question 15

western blotting

Answer 15

separating protein by size on gel electrophoresis

Question 16

in situ hybridisation

Answer 16

uses ribopores to bind to mrna sequences to label
detection of label = expression of the gene

Question 17

neural crest ablation

Answer 17

ablate and see wht doesnt form

Question 18

quail chick chimeric model

Answer 18

quail chick neural crest cell transplants

Question 19

electroporation

Answer 19

dna is -ve charge
attracted to +ve current -> open micropores in membrane
inject fluroscent label

Question 20

morpholinos

Answer 20

bind to mrna & interfere with gene expression
function via steric competition

Question 21

morpholino pre splicing

Answer 21

prevent correct splicing

Question 22

morpholino post splicing

Answer 22

prevents translation of protein

Question 23

geneknockdown

Answer 23

novel short interfering RNA molecules to block transcription of target genes -> RNA INTERFERENCE

Question 24

transgenic models - knockout

Answer 24

loss of gene function

Question 25

transgenic models - knockin

Answer 25

gain of gene function

Question 26

transgenic models - conditional knockout

Answer 26

tissue / time / temperature specific knockout of gene function

Question 27

transgenic model - inducible

Answer 27

control of gene expression through external factors s

Question 28

cre-loxP

Answer 28

stop sequence added, drive expression of gene we are interested in