tema 9 Flashcards

1
Q

tipos NT

A
  1. aminoacidos
    - excitatoria (glutamato y aspartato)
    - inhibitoria (GABA y glicina)
  2. Monoaminas
    - noradrenalina
    - dopamina
    - serotonina
  3. acetilcolina
  4. histamina
  5. purinas
  6. peptidos
  7. lipidos (sistema endocanabinoide)
  8. gases
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2
Q

Dianas de los NT

A
  1. receptores ionotropicos o canales ionicos
  2. receptores metabotropicos
  3. enzimas (sintetizan y degradan NT)
  4. sistemas de transporte
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3
Q

EPILEPSIA

A

descargas paroxisticas neuronas del cortex cerebral.
Mecanismo etiologico: alteracion de la transmision GABAergica (pierde la inhibición)

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4
Q

Tratamiento de excitabilidad PREsinaptica

A
  1. canales NA+ dependientes de voltaje (inhibe)
  2. canales K+ (acitva)
  3. canales Ca2+ (inhibe)
  4. liberacion NT (bloquea SV2A)
  5. sistema gabaergico
    - GABA (fomenta funcion inhibir, receptor ionotropico)
    - Transportador GABA (inhibe la recaptacion)
    - Transaminasa GABA (inhibe la enzima que degrada)
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5
Q

Tratamiento de excitabilidad POSTsinaptica

A

inhibe los receptores excitatorios en las neuronas postsinapticas. IMPIDE LA TRANSMISION NERVIOSA
- receptor NMDA
- receptor AMPA
inhibicion por topiramato

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6
Q

PRIMERA GENERACION

A
  1. BARBITURICOS
  2. BENZODIACEPTINAS
  3. FENITOINA
  4. CARBAMAZEPINA
  5. VALPROATO
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7
Q

Barbituricos

A
  • fenobarbital
  • abre canales Cl- ligados a receptores GABA
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8
Q

Benzodiacepinas

A
  • clonazepam
  • diacepam
  • modulacion alosterica positiva del receptor GABA
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9
Q

Fenitoina

A
  • disminuye tasa de recuperacion de canales de Na+
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10
Q

Carbamezepina

A
  • inhibe canales Na+
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11
Q

Valproato

A
  • inhibe canales Na y facilita act. gabaergica
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12
Q

SEGUNDA GENERACION

A
  1. pregabalina
  2. lamotrigina
  3. topiramato
  4. lacosamida
  5. cannabidiol
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13
Q

Pregabalina

A

inhibe subunidad alfa2landa canal Ca2+

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14
Q

Lamotrigina

A

inhibe canal Na y Ca

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15
Q

Topiramato

A

inhibe canal Na y Ca potencia gabaergico y bloquea receptores AMPA

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16
Q

Lacosamida

A

alarga periodo refractario al bloquear canal Na

17
Q

Cannabidiol

A

modulacion alosterica negativa del receptor CB1
agonista parcial del receptor 5-HT y antagonista de R GPR55