term 1

Question 1

Calonne’s reforms

Answer 1

The introduction of a new direct tax on all landowners with no exemptions

New provincial assemblies to assess and collect the land tax

Abolition of internal tax barriers and removal of controls over grain trade

Calonne also proposed an Assembly of Notables

Question 2

Necker’s reforms

Answer 2

Necker’s reform:
Reorganised the central accounting procedures
Restricting taxation
Taking steps towards a central treasury

Abolished 385 venal positions in taxation and finance

Abolished 506 venal positions in the royal household, saving the crown about 2.5 million livres a year

Question 3

Turgot’s reforms

Answer 3

Proposals for reforming fiscal policy by cutting expenditure and introducing fairer taxation.

Question 4

Calonne’s arguments made in favour of these reforms

Answer 4

The new land tax would simplify the taxation system

Landowners’ liabilities would take into account fluctuations in the seasons and the personal wealth of the landowner.

The local provincial assemblies, representing the landowners, would help assess and collect the taxes

Eradicating costumes duties and the corvee and replacing them with a single tax on imports would help create a more efficient national economy

Question 5

8 may lit de justice Brienne’s reforms

Answer 5

Ending venal offices

creating new central treasury

extending religious toleration to Protestants and Jewish

reforming the army to make it cheaper

Question 6

One disagreement for the aristocratic revolt

Answer 6

Land tax- Some wanted the tax to be assessed differently and paid as a monetary tax not produce