Term Test 4 Sleep

Question 1

what is pre-sleep consciousness known as?

Answer 1

hypnagogic state.

Question 2

what is a sudden quiver known as?

Answer 2

hypnic jerk.

Question 3

what is post-sleep consciousness known as?

Answer 3

hypnopompic state.

Question 4

what can sleep deprivation do?

Answer 4

memory problems, depression, irritability, decreased reaction time, and increases the risk for accidents.

Question 5

what happens if you are deprived of REM sleep?

Answer 5

memory problems and aggression.

Question 6

what happens if you are deprived of slow-wave sleep?

Answer 6

fatigue and hypersensitivity to muscle and bone pain.

Question 7

what is somnambulism?

Answer 7

sleepwalking.

Question 8

what is sleep paralysis?

Answer 8

waking up but unable to move.

usually happens as you awaken from REM.

Question 9

what are night terrors?

Answer 9

abrupt awakenings with panic.

Question 10

characteristics of dreaming

Answer 10

insense emotion 
illogical
sensation is fully formed 
all events are seen as normal 
we have difficulty remembering the dream

Question 11

activation-synthesis-model

Answer 11

this theory proposes that dreams are produced when the brain attempts to make sense of random neural activity.

Question 12

psychoactive drugs

Answer 12

drugs that influence consciousness or behaviour by altering the brains chemical message system.

Question 13

three aspects of drug use

Answer 13

tolerance
physical dependence
psychological dependence

Question 14

depressants

Answer 14

• reduce the activity of CNS
• barbituates and non-barbituates
• high risk of both types of dependence

Question 15

alcohol

Answer 15

• moderate risk of both dependences

Question 16

expectancy theory

Answer 16

alcohol produces its effects based on a person’s expectation of how it should influence them

Question 17

alcohol myopia

Answer 17

states that alcohol hampers attention, leading people to respond in simple ways to complex situations

Question 18

stimulants

Answer 18

• excite the CNS
• caffeine, cocaine, etc.
• cause euphoria and increased sense of alertness
• high risk of physiological dependence
• moderate risk of physical dependence

Question 19

narcotics

Answer 19

• pain relief
• opium, morphine, heroin, etc.
• acts on endorphin receptors
• high risk of physical and physiological dependence

Question 20

hallucinogens

Answer 20

• LSD
• causes visual and auditory hallucinations
• no significant tolerance or dependence

Question 21

marijuana

Answer 21

• mild hallucinogen
• euphoria
• heightened sight and sound
• affects short-term memory and motor skills
• no physical tolerance, and low risk of psychological dependence

Question 22

posthypnotic amnesia

Answer 22

failure to retrieve memories following hypnotic suggestion to forget

Question 23

how do we study mind wandering

Answer 23

vigilance, cortical processing, and trait and state

Question 24

automatic processing

Answer 24

• implicit

Question 25

controlled processing

Answer 25

- explicit

Question 26

stage 1

Answer 26

- theta waves, slow, high amplitude - light sleep - hypnic jerks

Question 27

stage 2

Answer 27

- theta waves and high-frequency waves - sleep spindles - K complexes

Question 28

stage 3/4

Answer 28

- delta waves - night terrors bet wetting, sleepwalking and sleep talking - sleep inertia ( difficulty walking someone up)

Question 29

REM

Answer 29

- low voltage, high-frequency beta waves - lots of activity - dreams - REM rebound

Question 30

sleep deprivation

Answer 30

0.07 BAC

Question 31

insomnia

Answer 31

``` fatal insomnia 4 stages 1. increased insomnia 2. hallucinations 3. no sleep 4. dementia and unresponsiveness ```

Question 32

narcolepsy

Answer 32

random bouts of sleepiness

Question 33

restless leg

Answer 33

leg discomfort

Question 34

sleep apnea

Answer 34

can be obstructive (soft palate blocks air) central (brain misfiring) CPAP treatment for obstructive

Question 35

dream interpretation

Answer 35

manifest content - what is happening in the dream latent content - hidden meaning Jung prediction of the future

Question 36

why do we dream

Answer 36

1. problem solving and creative thinking 2. information processing 3. neural development 4. activation synthesis