Terminology Flashcards

(551 cards)

1
Q

Adenitis

A

Inflammation of gland

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2
Q

Adenoma

A

Tumor of gland

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3
Q

Adenopathy

A

Disease of gland

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4
Q

Anemia

A

Blood condition that lacks something (iron etc)

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5
Q

Arthralgia

A

Joint pain

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6
Q

arthritis

A

Inflammation of joints

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7
Q

Autopsy

A

Process of viewing self (viewing a dead human body)

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8
Q

Biology

A

Study of life

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9
Q

Biopsy

A

Process of viewing life (cells/tissues/organs etc. taken out and examined)

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10
Q

Carcinogenic

A

Cancer causing/producing

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11
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor

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12
Q

Cardiac

A

Pertaining to the heart

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13
Q

Cardiology

A

Study of heart

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14
Q

Cephalic

A

Pertaining to the head

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15
Q

Cerebral

A

Pertaining to the brain

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16
Q

Cystitis

A

Inflammation of bladder

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17
Q

Cystoscopy

A

Visual examination of bladder

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18
Q

Cystology

A

Study of bladder

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19
Q

Dermatitis

A

Inflammation of skin

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20
Q

Dermatology

A

Study of skin

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21
Q

Diagnosis

A

Complete knowledge of condition

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22
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

Record of the electricity in heart

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23
Q

Electroencephalogram

A

Record of electricity in brain

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24
Q

Encephalopathy

A

Brain condition/disease

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25
Endocrine glands
Glands that secrete within
26
Endocrinologist
Specialist who diagnoses things related to endocrine glands
27
Endocrinology
Study of secretions within from endocrine glands
28
Endoscope
Instrument used to examine within the body
29
Endoscopy
To visually examine within the body
30
Enteritis
Inflammation of intestines
31
Epidermis
Pertaining to above skin
32
Epigastric
Pertains to above the stomach
33
Erythrocyte
Red blood cell
34
Excision
Process to cut outside
35
Exocrine glands
Glands that secrete outside the body
36
Gastrectomy
Removal of stomach
37
Gastric
Pertains to stoamch
38
Gastroenterology
Study of stomach and intestines
39
Gastrotomy
Process of cutting stomach
40
Gynecologist
Specialist for women
41
Gynecology
Study of women
42
Hematology
Study of blood
43
Hematoma
Mass of blood outside blood vessel
44
Hemoglobin
Blood protein
45
Hyperglycemia
Blood condition above normal sugar levels
46
Hyperthyroidism
Above normal thyroid production
47
Hypodermic
Pertaining to below the skin
48
Hypogastric
Pertaining to below the stomach
49
Hypoglycemia
Blood condition in which sugar levels are below normal
50
Iatrogenic
Produced by treatment
51
Leukocyte
White blood cell
52
Leukocytosis
White blood cell condition
53
Nephrectomy
Incision of kidney
54
Nephritis
Inflammation of kidney
55
Nephrology
Study of kidney
56
Nephrosis
Kidney condition
57
Neural
Pertains to nerves
58
Neuralgia
Nerve pain
59
Neurologic
Pertains to study of nerves
60
Neurology
Study of nerves
61
Oncologist
Cancerous tumor specialist
62
Oncology
Study of cancerous tumor
63
Ophthalmologist
Specialist for the eye
64
Opthalmoscope
Instrument used to visually examine eye
65
Osteitis
Inflammation of bone
66
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of bones and joints
67
Osteogenic sarcoma
Cancerous tumor produced in bone
68
Osteotomy
Incision of bone
69
Pathogenic
Produced by disease
70
Pathologist
Specialist for disease
71
Pathology
Study of disease
72
Pericardium
Structure surrounding heart
73
Pediactric
Pertains to child treatmen
74
Prognosis
Before knowledge of condition
75
Prostate gland
Gland. In men that surrounds neck of urinary bladder and urethra
76
Psychiatrist
Mind treatment specialist
77
Psychology
Study of mind
78
Radiology
Study of x rays
79
Renal
Pertains to the kidney
80
Resection
Process to cut again
81
Retrocardiac
Pertaining to behind the heart
82
Rhinitis
Inflammation of nose
83
Sarcoma
Tumor of flesh (bone,tissue etc.)
84
Subhepatic
Pertaining to below the liver
85
Thrombocyte
Clotting cell
86
Transhepatic
Pertains to across/through the liver
87
Urologist
Speacialist for urinary tract
88
Histologist
Specialist in study of tissues
89
Peritoneum
Double folded membrane surrounding abdominal cavity, attaches abdominal viscera to muscles and functions as a protective membrane around organs
90
Abdominal
Pertaining to abdomen
91
Adipose
Full of fat/pertaining to fat
92
Cervical
Pertaining to neck (of body or uterus)
93
Chondroma
Tumour of cartilage (benign tumor)
94
Chondrosarcoma
Tumor of flesh that develops in cartilage cells (malignant tumor)
95
Chromosomes
Bodies of colour
96
Coccygeal
Pertaining to tail bone
97
Craniotomy
Process of cutting part of the skull
98
Cytoplasm
Formation of cell (liquid that fills cell , forms it)
99
Distal
Pertaining to far
100
Histology
Study of tissues
101
Iliac
Pertaining to the ilium
102
Inguinal
Pertaining to the groin
103
Lumbosacral
Pertaining to the lower back and sacral region
104
Nucleic
Pertaining to the nucleus
105
Pelvic
Pertaining to the pelvis
106
Pharyngeal
Pertaining to the pharynx (throat)
107
Sacral
Pertaining to sacrum
108
Spinal
Pertaining to spine
109
Epithelial cell
Cell that covers inside and outside surfaces of body (originally identified on skin of nipples)
110
Thoracic
Pertaining to chest
111
Thoracotomy
Process of cutting into chest
112
Tracheal
Pertaining to trachea (windpipe)
113
Umbilical
Pertaining to navel/umbilicus
114
Vertebral
Pertaining to vertebrae
115
Visceral
Pertaining to internal organs
116
Epinephrine
Above kidney substance (hormone secreted by adrenal glands, located above kidneys)
117
Hypochondriac region
Below cartilage of ribs
118
Intervertebral
Pertaining to between vertebrae
119
Intravenous
Within veins
120
Metabolism
Chemical changes that occur in a cell (cast change)
121
Arthralgia
Joint pain
122
Otalgia
Ear pain
123
Neuralgia
Nerve pain
124
Myalgia
Muscle pain
125
Cystocele
Urinary bladder hernia
126
Thoracentesis
Procedure to remove fluid from thoracic cavity
127
Amniocentesis
Procedure to remove amniotic fluid
128
Streptococcus
Twisted chain shape of berry shaped bacterium (singular)
129
Staphylococci
Clusters of berry shaped bacteria (plural)
130
Pleurodynia
Pleura pain
131
Laryngectomy
Removal of larynx
132
Mastectomy
Removal of breast
133
Anemia
Blood condition that lacks
134
Ischemia
Blood condition where blood flow is held back
135
Carcinogenesis
Process of cancer forming
136
Pathgenesis
Process of disease forming
137
Angiogenesis
Process of vessel forming
138
Electroencephalogram
Record of the electricity of the brain
139
Mammogram
Record of breast (X-ray)
140
Eletroencephalograph
Instrument for recording electricity of brain
141
Electroencephalography
Process of recording electricity of brain
142
Angiography
Process of recording vessels (type of x ray)
143
Bronchitis
Inflammation of bronchial tubes
144
Myelitis
Inflammation of spinal cord
145
Tonsilitis
Inflammation of tonsils
146
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of vein (blood clot can cause this)
147
Ophthalmology
Study of the eye
148
Morphology
Study of form/structure
149
Hemolysis
Destruction of red blood cells
150
Osteomalacia
Bone softening
151
Chondromalacia
Softening of cartilage
152
Acromegaly
Enlargement extremities (disorder when body makes excessive growth hormone
153
Splenomegaly
Spleen enlargement
154
Myoma
Muscle cancer (around uterus)
155
Myosarcoma
Tumor of muscle
156
Multiple myeloma
Cancer of plasma cells
157
Hematoma
Mass of blood collected under skin (bad bruise)
158
Biopsy
Process of viewing life
159
Necropsy
Process of viewing the dead
160
Necrosis
Condition where there is a death of all or most cells in organ/tissue
161
Hydronephrosis
Condition where there is a swelling of kidney(s)
162
Leukocytosis
Condition where there is an increases in white blood cells
163
Cardiomyopathy
Disease of heart musvle
164
Erythropenia
Lack of red blood cells
165
Neutropenia
Lack of neutrophils (white blood cells)
166
Thrombocytopenia
Lack of clotting cells (platelets)
167
Acrophobia
Fear of height/top/extremities
168
Agoraphobia
Fear of being in situation where escape might be difficult
169
Achondroplasia
Condition where cartilage does not convert into bone for growth (ossification)
170
Angioplasty
Surgically repairing vessel
171
Blepharoptosis
Drooping of eyelid
172
Rinorrhea
Flow of mucus out of nose (runny nose)
173
Arteriosclerosis
Hardening of artery
174
Laparoscope
Instrument to visually examine abdomen
175
Laparoscopy
Process of visually examining abdomen
176
Metastasis
Process by which cancer cells have spread to other parts of body
177
Hemostasis
Stopping blood flow
178
Colostomy
Operation that creates opening for colon
179
Tracheostomy
Operation that creates opening for trachea
180
Hydrotherapy
Water treatment
181
Chemotherapy
Chemical treatment
182
Radiotherapy
Radiation treatment (high doses)
183
Laparotomy
Cutting into abdominal cavity
184
Phlebotomy
Cutting into vein
185
Tracheotomy
Cutting into trachea
186
Hypertrophy
Increase in size of organ/structure/body due to growth
187
Atrophy
Decrease in enlargement
188
Radiographer
Professional that performs X-rays
189
Leukemia
Cancer of blood cells
190
Pneumonia
Lung infection (inflames air sac in lungs)
191
Nephrologist
Kidney specialist
192
Opioid
Derived from opium poppy plant, relax body and relieve pan
193
Adenoids
Derived from glands, mass of soft tissue behind the nasal cavity
194
Arteriole
Small artery
195
Venule
Small vein
196
Mucus
Slimy substance secreted for lubrication/protection
197
Esophagus
Alimentary canal, connects throat to stomach
198
Nephropathy
Kidney disease
199
Cardiac
Pertaining to heart
200
Peritoneal
Pertaining to peritoneum
201
Myocardial
Pertaining to cardiac muscle
202
Pleural
Pertaining to pleura
203
Tonsillar
Pertaining to tonsils
204
Pulmonary
Pertaining to lungs
205
Axillary
Pertaining to armpits
206
Laryngeal
Pertains to larynx
207
Carcinogenic
Cancer causing/producing
208
Osteogenic
Bone producing
209
Chronic
Continuing
210
Pathological
Pertaining to disease
211
Mucous membrane
Secretes mucus and lines body cavities
212
Necrotic
Pertaining to death
213
Apnea
Without breathing
214
Anoxia
Without oxygen
215
Abnormal
Away from normal
216
Abductor
Muscle that draws limb away from body
217
Adductor
Muscle that draws limb toward body
218
Adrenal glands
Sit on top of kidney (secrete epinephrine)
219
Analysis
A breakdown of anything to examine it (words,picture etc.)
220
Ante cibum
Before meals
221
Anteflexion
Before bend
222
Antepartum
Before birth
223
Antibiotic
Against things pertains to life (destroy growth of microorganisms)
224
Antibody
Protein produced against an antigen
225
Antigen
Substance that produces antibody
226
Antisepsis
Against infection
227
Antitoxin
Against poision
228
Autoimmune disease
Body makes antibodies against its OWN good cells, causing inflammation and injury
229
Bifurcation
Splitting into two branches
230
Bilateral
On two sides
231
Bradycardia
Slow heart rate
232
Congenital anomaly
Birth defects, structural or functional abnormalities that occur in womb
233
Connective
Connect together
234
Contraindication
Factor that indicates against administration of drug or procedure
235
Contralateral
Opposite side
236
Dehydration
Lack of water
237
Diameter
Complete measure through Center of circle
238
Diarrhea
Frequent passage of loose watery stool
239
Dialysis
Complete separation, waste material seperate from blood via machine when kidneys no longer function
240
Dyspnea
Abnormal breathing
241
Dysentery
Painful, inflamed intestines
242
Dystrophy
Condition of abnormal development
243
Dysplasia
Condition of abnormal formation
244
Ectopic pregnancy
Pregnancy out of place (not in uterus,commonly in fallopian tubes)
245
Endocardium
Inner lining of heart
246
Endoscope
Instrument used to visually examine interior of body
247
Endotracheal
Pertaining to within the trachea
248
Epithelium
Layer of cells covering external surface of body and lines hollow tubes within
249
Euphoria
Feeling of well being
250
Euthyroid
Normal thyroid function
251
Exophthalmos
Protrusion of eyeball
252
Hemiglossectomy
Removal of half the tongue
253
Hyperplasia
Condition of increased formation of cells
254
Hypertrophy
Increase in size of tissue or organ do to increase in size of individual cells
255
Hypertension
High blood pressure
256
Hypodermic injection
Injection of medicine under skin
257
Insomniac
Pertaining to without sleep
258
Incision
Process of cutting into body
259
Infracostal
Pertaining to below the ribs
260
Intercostal
Pertaining to between the ribs
261
Macrocephaly
Condition of a larger than normal head (congenital anomaly)
262
Malaise
General feeling of bodily discomfort
263
Malignant
Cancerous/ harmful
264
Metacarpal bones
Hand bones
265
Metamorphosis
Condition of change of shape or form
266
Metastasis
Spread of malignant tumor beyond its original location
267
Microscope
Instrument to view small objects
268
Microcephaly
Condition of a smaller head that’s normal (congenital anomaly)
269
Neonatal
Pertaining to a new birth
270
Neoplasm
New growth
271
Pancytopenia
Deficiency of all blood cells
272
Paralysis
Destruction of nerve tissue leading to loss of sensation/movement in a part of the body
273
Parathyroid glands
Four endocrine glands on posterior (dorsal) Sid elf thyroid gland, secrete parathormone
274
Percutaneous
Pertaining to through the skin
275
Pokymorphonuclear
Pertaining to a multi lobed nucleus
276
Polyneuritis
Inflammation of many nerves
277
Postmortem
After death
278
Postpartum
After birth
279
Precancerous
Pertaining to occurring before a malignant condition
280
Prenatal
Pertaining to before birth
281
Prodrome
Sign/symptom that appears before onset of more serious illness
282
Prolapse
Sliding forward or downward
283
Prosthesis
Artificial substitute for a missing body part
284
Relapse
Sliding or falling back as in return of illness after apparent recovery
285
Remission
Return to good health
286
Recombinant DNA
Insertion of a gene from one organism into DNA of another
287
Retroperitoneal
Pertaining to behind the peritoneum (membrane surrounding abdominal cavity)
288
Retroflexion
Bending backward
289
Subcutaneous
Pertaining to under skin
290
Suprapubic
Pertaining to above pubic bones
291
Syndactyl
Fusion of fingers/toes (congenital anomaly)
292
Synthesis
Putting together of simp,e substances to create something new and often more complex
293
Syndrome
Signs and symptoms that occur together indicating a particular condition or disorder
294
Symbiosis
Close interaction between two organisms living in close association
295
Symmetry
Measurement together
296
Symphysis
Bones that grow together separated by a piece of fibrocartilage
297
Tachypnea
Abnormal rapid breathing
298
Transfusion
Transfer of blood from one person to another
299
Transurethral
Pertaining to across it through the urethra
300
Ultrasonography
Use of high frequency sound wave to produce a record or picture of an organ or tissue
301
Unilateral
Pertaining to one side
302
Bilirubin
Pigment released by liver in bile
303
Glycogen
Starch
304
Perianal
Pertaining to surrounding the anus
305
Appendectomy
Removal of the appendix
306
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
307
Buccal mucosa
Mucous membrane lining the cheek
308
Cecal
Pertaining to the cecum
309
Celiac
Pertaining to the abdomen
310
Cheilosis
Abnormal condition of the lip
311
Cholecystectomy
Removal of gallbladder
312
Choledochotomy
Incision of the common bile duct
313
Colostomy
New opening of the colon through abdominal wall to outside of the body
314
Colonic
Pertaining to the colon
315
Colonoscopy
Visual examination of the colon
316
Dentibuccal
Pertaining to the teeth and cheek
317
Duodenal
Pertaining to the duodenum
318
Enterocolitis
Inflammation of the small intestine and colon
319
Enteroenterostomy
New opening between two previously unconnected parts of small intestine
320
Mesentary
Membrane that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall and holds them in place
321
Parenteral
Pertaining to some route other than the GI tract as by intravenous injection
322
Esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus
323
Facial
Pertaining to the face
324
Gastrotomy
Incision of the stomach
325
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the gums
326
Hypoglossal
Pertaining to under the tongue
327
Hepatoma
Tumor of the liver
328
Ileocecal sphincter
Ring of muscle between the ileum and cecum
329
Ileitis
Inflammation of the ileum
330
Ileostomy
New opening of the ileum to the outside of body
331
Choledechojejunuostomy
Surgical creation of new opening between common bile duct and Jejunum
332
Gastrojejunostomy
New surgical connection between stomach and jejunum
333
Labial
Pertaining to the lips
334
Laparoscopy
Process of visually examining the abdomen using a endoscope
335
Sublingual
Pertaining to under the tongue
336
Submandibular
Pertaining to under the jaw (mandible)
337
Orthodontist
Dentist specializing in straightening teeth
338
Peridontist
Dentist specializing in straightening gums
339
Endodontist
Dentist specializing in inner parts of tooth
340
Oral
Pertaining to the mouth
341
Palatoplasty
Surgical repair of the palate
342
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of pancreas
343
Peritonitis
Inflammation of peritoneum
344
Pharyngeal
Pertaining to the pharynx (throat)
345
Palatopharyngoplasty
Surgical repair of the pharynx and palate
346
Proctologist
Specialist in the study of anus and rectum
347
Pyloroplasty
Surgical repair of the pyloric sphinter
348
Rectocele
Hernia of rectum
349
Sialadenitis
Inflammation of salivary gland
350
Sigmoidoscopy
Visual endoscopic examination of sigmoid colon
351
Stomatitis
Inflammation of the mouth
352
Uvulectomy
Removal of uvula
353
Amylase
Enzyme that breaks down starch
354
Biliary
Pertaining to the bile or bile ducts
355
Hyperbilirubinemia
High levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream (jaundice)
356
Cholelithiasis
Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder (gall stones)
357
Achlorhydria
Absence of hydrochloric acid from the gastric juice
358
Gluconeogenesis
Process of producing new sugar from fats and proteins, occurs, mainly in the liver
359
Hyperglycemia
High levels of sugar in bloodstream
360
Glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen to release sugar
361
Lipoma
Benign tumor of fatty tissue
362
Lithogenesis
Formation of stones (calculi)
363
Protease
Enzyme that breaks down proteins
364
Pyorrhea
Discharge of pus from gums
365
Sialolith
Salivary gland stone
366
Steatorrhea
Discharge of fat in the feces, due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat
367
Emesis basin
Kidney shaped, used to collect vomit
368
Emetic
Strong solution administered to induce vomiting after poison is ingested
369
Cholangiectasis
Abnormal widening or dilation of bile vessel
370
Hematemesis
Vomiting blood
371
Dyspepsia
Painful digestion (indigestion)
372
Polyphagia
Excessive eating
373
Dysphagia
Difficulty in swallowing
374
Abdominoplasty
Surgical repair of the abdomen
375
Hemoptysis
Spitting up blood from respiratory tract
376
Hemorrhage
Excessive flow of blood
377
Gastrorrhagia
Excessive bleeding from stomach
378
Herniorrhaphy
Suture a hernia
379
Pylorospasm
Involuntary contraction of muscles at the pyloric sphincter
380
Bronchospasm
Involuntary muscular contractions in bronchial tubes leading to narrowing of the bronchi 
381
Cholestasis
Stoppage of bile flow
382
Pyloric stenosis
Narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, often occurs in infants between birth in six months of age
383
Atresia
Absence of a normal opening
384
Esophageal atresia
Congenital absence of the normal opening from the oesophagus to the stomach
385
Biliary atresia
Congenital, absence of the opening from the common bile duct into the small intestine
386
Buccal
Pertaining to the cheek
387
Cecal volvulus
Abnormal twisting of the season
388
Celiac disease
Auto immune disorder, in which file in the lining of the small intestine are damaged, resulting from dietary glutens, such as wheat barley and rye
389
Cheliosis
Abnormal condition of the lip
390
Cholelithiasis
Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder; gallstones
391
Cholangitis
Inflammation of bile vessels
392
Cholangiocarcinoma
Malignant tumour of bile vessels
393
Cholecystectomy
Removal of gallbladder
394
Choledochal
Pertaining to the common bile duct
395
Choledochectasia
Dilation of the common bile duct
396
Colectomy
Surgical removal of the colon
397
Dentalgia
Tooth pain
398
Duodenal
Pertaining to the duodenum
399
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestines
400
Gastrojejunostomy
New surgical connection between the stomach and the Jenan 
401
Gingivectomy
Removal of gum disease
402
Glossectomy
Removal of the tongue
403
Hepatomegaly
Enlargement of the liver
404
Ileostomy
New opening of the ileum to the outside of the body 
405
Cholecystjejunostomy
Formation of a new opening between the gallbladder and Jejunum
406
Labiodental
Pertaining to lips and teeth
407
Cholecystolithiasis
Abnormal condition of stones in the gallbladder
408
Oropharynx
Central portion of the throat, just beyond the mouth 
409
Palatoplasty
Surgical repair of the palate
410
Pancreatic
Pertaining to the pancreas
411
Pancreatoduodenectomy
Removal of the pancreas and duodenum
412
Proctosigmoidoscopy
Visual examination of the anus, rectum and sigmoid colon 
413
Rectal carcinoma
Cancer of the rectum
414
Steatorrhea
Discharge of fat in the feces, due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat 
415
Aphthous stomatitis
Inflammation of the mouth with small ulcers; canker sores 
416
Caliectasis
Dialation or widening of calyx
417
Caliceal
Pertaining to a calyx
418
Cystectomy
Removal of urinary bladder
419
Cystotomy
New opening of the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
420
Glomerular capsule
Cup like structure that surrounds each glomerulus, collects the material that is filtered front he blood through the walls of the glomerulus
421
Meatal stenosis
Narrowing o the meatus leading from the urethra to the outside of the body
422
Paranephric
Pertaining to beside or near a kidney
423
Nephropathy
Disease of the kidneys
424
Nephroptosis
Prolapse of a kidney, floating or wandering kidney
425
Nephrolithotomy
Incision of kidney to remove a stone
426
Hydronephrosis
Abnormal condition of excess urine in the kidney
427
Nephrostomy
Opening of kidney to outside of the body
428
Pyelolithotomy
Incision to remove a stone from the renal pelvis and kidney, caused by bacterial infection
429
Renal ischemia
Condition in which blood is held back front he kidney , often by blockage of renal arteries and arterioles
430
Renal colic
Severe pain resulting from stones in a ureter or in the kidney
431
Trigonitis
Inflammation of the trigone of the urinary bladder
432
Ureteroplasty
Surgical repair of ureter
433
Ureteroileostomy
New opening of the ureters to a portion of the ileum, removed from its normal location and connected tot the outside of the body. Serves as a passageway for urine to leave body when urinary bladder is removed
434
Urethritis
Inflammation of urethra
435
Uretroplasty
Surgical repair of urethra
436
Urethral stricture
Narrowing of the urethra
437
Intravesical
Within the urinary bladder
438
Vesicoureteral reflux
Back flow of urine from the urinary bladder to the ureters
439
Albuminuria
Protein in the urine
440
Azotemia
Excess nitrogenous waste products in the blood
441
Bacteriuria
Bacteria in the urine
442
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst
443
Hyperkalemia
Condition of high concentration of potassium in blood
444
Ketosis
Accumulation of large quantities of ketone bodies (acetones) in the blood
445
Ketonuria
Presence of ketones in the urine
446
Nephrolithiasis
Abnormal condition of kidney stones
447
Hyponatremia
Abnormally high levels of sodium in bloodstream
448
Nocturia
Urinary frequency at night
449
Oliguria
Scanty urination
450
Erythropoietin
Hormone secreted by kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production in bone marrow
451
Pyuria
Pus in urine, sign of UTI
452
Lithotripsy
Process of using high energy sound waves to crush a stone within the kidney or ureter
453
Enuresis
Bed wetting (“in urine”)
454
Diuresis
Increased excretion of urine by kidneys
455
Antidiuretic hormone
Pituitary gland hormone that stimulates the kidneys to decrease production of urine, preventing excess loss of water
456
Urinary incontinence
Involuntary passage of urine
457
Urinary retention
Inability to pass urine
458
Dysuria
Painful urination
459
Anuria
Suppression of urine formation
460
Hematuria
Blood in urine
461
Glycosuria
Sugar in urine
462
Polyuria
Excessive urination
463
Gynecology
study of female reproductive system
464
Obesterics
a specialty concerned with pregnancy and delivery of the fetus
465
Neonatology
the study of the care and treatment of a newborn
466
Aminocentesis
Puncture with needle to withdraw fluid from within the amniotic sac
467
Amniotic fluid
Fluid contained within the amnionic sack surrounding the embryo and fetus
468
BARTHOLINITIS
Inflammation of Bartholin glands
469
ENDOCERVICITIS
Inflammation of the inner lining of the cervix
470
Chorionic
Pertaining to the chorion
471
Colposcopy
Visual examination of the vagina using an endoscope
472
CULDOCENTESIS
Needle aspiration of food from the cul-de-sac
473
Episiotomy
Incision of the vulva to widen the opening of the vagina during a difficult childbirth
474
GALACTORRHEA
Excessive or abnormal sub secretion of milk after breast-feeding has ended
475
GYNECOMASTIA
Female, like breast enlargement, and a male
476
Hysterectomy
Removal of the uterus
477
HYSTEROSCOPY
Visual examination of the uterus
478
Lactation
Production of milk
479
INFRAMAMMARY
Pertaining to below the breast
480
MAMMOPLASTY
Surgical repair of the breast
481
Mastitis
Inflammation of a breast
482
Mastectomy
Removal of a breast
483
Amenorrhea
Absence of menstrual flow
484
Dysmenorrhea
Painful difficult menstruation
485
OLIGOMENORRHEA
Scanty menstrual flow
486
MENORRHAGIA
Abnormally heavier, long menstrual periods
487
METRORRHAGIA
Bleeding at a regular intervals; between expected menstrual periods
488
MENOMETRORRHAGIA
Excessive uterine, bleeding during menstruation and also between menstrual periods
489
MYOMETRIUM
Muscle layer of the uterus
490
MYOMECTOMY
Removal of muscle tumours from the uterus
491
Neonatal
Pertaining to a new birth
492
Obstetrics
Branch of medicine and surgery dealing with care of women during pregnancy and childbirth
493
OOCYTE
Immature, egg cell, from which an ovum develops
494
OOPHORECTOMY
Removal of an ovary
495
Ovum
Mature, egg cell/female, gamete
496
Ovarian
Pertaining to an ovary
497
ANOVULATORY
Pertaining to absence of ovulation
498
PERINEORRHAPHY
Suture of the perineum
499
OOPHORITIS
Inflammation of ovary
500
SALPINGECTOMY
Removal of fallopian tube
501
Uterine prolapse
Sagging or drooping of uterus
502
Vaginal orifice
Opening a vagina to the exterior of body
503
Vaginitis
Inflammation of vagina
504
VULVOVAGINITIS
Inflammation, of vulva and vagina
505
Vulvodynia
Pain in the female genitalia
506
Menarche
First menstrual period
507
PSEUDOCYESIS
False pregnancy
508
PRIMIGRAVIDA
Women during her first pregnancy
509
PRIMIPAROUS
Pertaining to a woman who has given birth to her first child
510
LEUKORRHEA
White to yellow discharge from the vagina
511
MENORRHEA
Menstruation monthly discharge of blood from the lining of uterus 
512
Pyosalpinx
Pus in fallopian tube
513
DYSTOCIA
Difficult childbirth
514
OXYTOCIA
Rapid labor, and childbirth
515
Cephalic version
Procedure for turning the foetus so that it’s head is the presenting part to enter the birth canal first
516
DYSPAREUNIA
Painful, sexual intercourse
517
ENDOMETRITIS
Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus
518
INVOLUTION of uterus
Shrinking a uterus to its normal size after childbirth
519
Intrauterine device
Device inserted by a physician into the uterus to prevent pregnancy IUD
520
MULTIPARA
Women who has delivered more than one viable infant 
521
MULTIGRAVIDA
Woman who has been pregnant more than once
522
NULLIGRAVIDA
Woman who has never been pregnant
523
NULLIPARA
Woman who has never delivered a baby
524
Prenatal
Before birth
525
PRIMIPARA
Woman who has given birth to her first child
526
RETROVERSION
Tipping backward of an organ, or a part of the body as in the uterus 
527
Androgen
Male hormone, secreted by the testes, responsible for developing and maintaining male secondary sex characteristics
528
Balanitis
Inflammation of the glans penis
529
Cryogenic surgery
Use of extremely cold temperatures to freeze or destroy tissue
530
Cryptorchidism
One or both testes, fail to descend into the scrotal sack near the time of birth
531
Epididymitis
Inflammation of epididymis
532
Gonorrhea
Sexually transmitted infection involving inflammation of genital tract mucosa caused by infection with gonococci
533
Hydrocele
Hernia within scrotum
534
Orchiectomy
Removal of a testis
535
Orchitis
Inflammation of a testis
536
Penile
Pertaining to the penis
537
Penoscrotal
Pertaining to the penis and scrotum
538
Prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate gland
539
Prostatectomy
Removal of the prostate gland
540
Seminiferous tubules
Narrow, coiled tubules that produce sperm in the testes
541
Spermolytic
Pertaining to the destruction of sperm
542
Oligospermia
Scanty sperm count
543
Aspermia
Failure to produce sperm
544
Teratoma
Malignant tumour of a testis or ovary composed of embryonic cells that develop into different different types of tissue
545
Testicular
Pertaining to the testis or testicle
546
Varicocele
Enlarged dilated veins by a testicle
547
Vasectomy
Bilateral surgical removal of a part of the vas deferens: male sterilization
548
Azoospermia
Lack of sperm in the semen
549
Spermatogenesis
Formation of sperm cells
550
Testosterone
Male hormone secreted by testes
551
Orchiopexy
surgical fixation of an undescended testis into the scrotum