Terminology And Cells

Question 1

What is anatomical position?

Answer 1

•Body upright
•Feet parallel & flat on floor
•Head level & eyes forward
•Arms at the sides with the palms forward

Question 2

What term implies an imaginary flat surface passing through the body?

Answer 2

Plane

Question 3

What plane passes lengthwise through the body and divides it into front and back portions?

Answer 3

Coronal plane

Question 4

What plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

Answer 4

Transverse plane

Question 5

What plane passes vertically through the body dividing it into right and left portions?

Answer 5

Sagittal plane

Question 6

What minor plane passes through the body at an angle?

Answer 6

Oblique plane

Question 7

What term of direction means in front of or toward the front surface?

Answer 7

Anterior

Question 8

What term of direction means in back of or toward the back surface?

Answer 8

Posterior

Question 9

What term of direction means at the backside of the human body?

Answer 9

Dorsal

Question 10

What term of direction means at the belly side of the human body?

Answer 10

Ventral

Question 11

What term of direction means toward the head or above?

Answer 11

Superior

Question 12

What term of direction means toward the feet?

Answer 12

Inferior

Question 13

What term of direction means at the rear or tail end?

Answer 13

Caudal

Question 14

What term of direction means at the head end?

Answer 14

Cranial

Question 15

What term of direction means toward the midline of the body?

Answer 15

Medial

Question 16

What term of direction means away from the midline of the body?

Answer 16

Lateral

Question 17

What term of direction means inside or underneath another structure?

Answer 17

Deep

Question 18

What term of direction means on the outside or closer to the surface?

Answer 18

Superficial

Question 19

What term of direction means closest to the point of origin?

Answer 19

Proximal

Question 20

What term of direction means farthest from the point of origin?

Answer 20

Distal

Question 21

What is the basic structural and function unit of life?

Answer 21

The cell

Question 22

What is the outer barrier of the cell?

Answer 22

Plasma membrane

Question 23

What contains the organelles of the cell?

Answer 23

Cytoplasm

Question 24

What is the control center of the cell?

Answer 24

Nucleus

Question 25

How does the plasma membrane function as the gatekeeper of the cell?

Answer 25

Regulates the passages of substances into and out of the cell

Question 26

What is cytosol?

Answer 26

The fluid of the cytoplasm

Question 27

What is organelles?

Answer 27

Little organs within the cell

Question 28

What is rough ER?

Answer 28

ER that appears coarse because of particles attached to its surface

Question 29

What is the rough ERs function?

Answer 29

Protein synthesis

Question 30

What is smooth ER?

Answer 30

ER that has continuous even surface

Question 31

What is the smooth ERs function?

Answer 31

Synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, and detoxification

Question 32

What is the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 32

Several tiny sacs near the nucleus and continuous with the ER

Question 33

What is the Golgi apparatus’s function?

Answer 33

Modifying and packaging material from the RER

Question 34

What are lysosomes?

Answer 34

Spheres containing enzymes that break down worn out parts of the cell

Question 35

What are peroxisomes?

Answer 35

Sacs containing catalase which converts H2O2 into water

Question 36

What is the mitochondria?

Answer 36

The powerhouse of the cell

Question 37

What is the cytoskeleton?

Answer 37

Controls cell shape and cell movement

Question 38

What is the centrosome?

Answer 38

The centriole containing region of the clear cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus

Question 39

What is centrioles?

Answer 39

Rodlike organelles which product spindle fibers during cell division

Question 40

What are cilia?

Answer 40

Numerous short hair like projections that wave and move substance along a passage

Question 41

What is flagella?

Answer 41

A long tubular structure whose whipping movement propels cell movement

Question 42

What is microvilli?

Answer 42

Thin projections of the superficial surface of the plasma membrane

Question 43

What is the nuclear envelope?

Answer 43

Double layered membrane enclosing the nucleus

Question 44

What is nucleoli?

Answer 44

Spherical dark staining bodies within the nucleus