Abdomen Part 4

Question 1

What muscles origin is iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament, insertion transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae and the twelfth rib, action flexes the vertebral column laterally and extends the vertebral column?

Answer 1

Quadratus lumborum

Question 2

What muscles origin is transverse process of L1-L5, insertion lesser trochanter of femur, action flexes hip rotates thigh laterally flexes vertebral column?

Answer 2

Psoas major

Question 3

What muscles origin is body disc and transverse process of L1, insertion superior pubic ramus, action flexes vertebral column?

Answer 3

Psoas minor

Question 4

The aortic arch leads immediately into what other segment of the aorta?

Answer 4

Descending thoracic aorta

Question 5

Once the descending aorta passes through the diaphragm it is known as what?

Answer 5

Abdominal aorta

Question 6

At what level of the vertebral column does the aorta end?

Answer 6

L4

Question 7

The aorta terminates by bifurcating into what two arteries?

Answer 7

Left and right common iliac arteries

Question 8

What two arteries form an extensive anastomosis which supplies the anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 8

Superior and inferior epigastric arteries

Question 9

What blood vessels carry blood to and from the diaphragm?

Answer 9

Superior and inferior phrenic arteries

Question 10

What unpaired blood vessels arises from the abdominal aorta and splits into three branches that supply the stomach part of the duodenum and the liver and the spleen?

Answer 10

Celiac trunk

Question 11

What artery supplies the lesser curvature of the stomach?

Answer 11

Left gastric artery

Question 12

What artery supplies the spleen?

Answer 12

Splenic artery

Question 13

What branch of the celiac trunk supplies the liver and related organs?

Answer 13

Common hepatic artery

Question 14

What unpaired artery emerges from the abdominal aorta and supplies most of the small intestine the pancreas and the proximal part of the large intestine?

Answer 14

Superior mesenteric artery

Question 15

What arteries supply the kidneys?

Answer 15

Renal arteries

Question 16

What arteries supply the gonads?

Answer 16

Gonadal arteries:
•Testicular arteries
•Ovarian arteries

Question 17

What unpaired artery emerges from the abdominal aorta and supplies the transverse colon descending colon sigmoid colon and rectum?

Answer 17

Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 18

How do veins differ structurally from arteries?

Answer 18

•Less smooth muscle
•Valves

Question 19

What blood vessel returns blood from the lower limbs and pelvis and perineum and abdominal structures to the right atrium of the heart?

Answer 19

Inferior vena cava

Question 20

What veins drain the kidneys?

Answer 20

Renal veins

Question 21

What veins drain the gonads?

Answer 21

Gonadal veins

Question 22

What is a system of veins that begins and ends in capillaries?

Answer 22

A portal system

Question 23

What large vein receives oxygen poor nutrient rich blood from the GI tract and delivers it directly to the liver?

Answer 23

Hepatic portal veins

Question 24

What are the three main tributaries of the hepatic portal vein?

Answer 24

•Inferior mesenteric vein
•Splenic vein
•Superior mesenteric vein

Question 25

What veins carry blood from the liver into the inferior veins cava?

Answer 25

Hepatic veins

Question 26

What are the closed ended tubes which are found among blood capillary networks and which work to collect excess interstitial fluid?

Answer 26

Lymphatic capillaries

Question 27

What structures of the lymphatic system resemble veins in that they have three tunics and valves?

Answer 27

Lymphatic vessels

Question 28

What lymphatic organs are connected to lymph vessels and work to filter foreign or pathogenic material from lymph?

Answer 28

Lymph nodes

Question 29

What structure collects lymph from the right upper extremity the right side of the head and neck and the right side of the thorax and returns it to the blood at the junction of the right internal jugular vein and the right subclavian vein?

Answer 29

Right lymphatic duct

Question 30

What structure collects lymph from the left side of the head and neck left upper extremity left thorax and all body regions inferior to the diaphragm?

Answer 30

Thoracic duct

Question 31

What rounded sac-like structure lies at the base of the thoracic duct?

Answer 31

Cisterna chyli

Question 32

What are small round or oval structures that are located along the pathways of lymph vessels?

Answer 32

Lymph nodes

Question 33

What is the organ of exchange between a mother and a fetus?

Answer 33

The placenta

Question 34

What structure carries blood between the fetus and the placenta?

Answer 34

The umbilical cord

Question 35

The umbilical arteries of the fetus become what structures after birth?

Answer 35

Medial umbilical ligaments

Question 36

What structure carries blood from the placenta to the fetus?

Answer 36

Umbilical vein

Question 37

The umbilical vein of the fetus becomes what structure after birth?

Answer 37

Round ligament of the liver

Question 38

The umbilical vein enters the body of the fetus through the umbilicus and goes to the liver there it delivers some blood to the liver the remainder of the blood is taken to the inferior vena cava by what blood vessel?

Answer 38

Ductus venosus