Terms

Question 1

histology

Answer 1

the microscopic study of tissues and cells

Question 2

epithelium

Answer 2

type of body tissue that forms the covering on all internal and external surfaces of your body, lines body cavities and hollow organs and is the major tissue in glands.

Question 3

free surface

Answer 3

the surface that is in contact with air.

Question 4

basement membrane

Answer 4

thin layers of a specialized extracellular matrix that form the supporting structure.

Question 5

simple epithelium

Answer 5

They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands

Question 6

stratified epithelium

Answer 6

tissue that is composed of more than one layer of epithelial cells.

Question 7

squamous

Answer 7

type of epithelial cell characterized by its flat and scale-like shape,

Question 8

cuboidal columnar

Answer 8

cuboidal (boxy, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide).

Question 9

transitional epithelium

Answer 9

a type of tissue that lines the bladder, ureters, and part of the urethra. It can stretch and expand to accommodate changes in volume, serving as a protective barrier and preventing urine leakage.

Question 10

gland

Answer 10

a group of cells or an organ that produces and secretes substances, such as hormones, enzymes, or sweat, either into the bloodstream or into a body cavity or surface.

Question 11

exocrine gland

Answer 11

a gland that secretes substances, such as enzymes, mucus, sweat, oil, or saliva, into ducts. These ducts then transport the secretions to specific locations, such as body surfaces or cavities, to perform their functions.

Question 12

endocrine gland

Answer 12

a gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream. These hormones are then carried to target organs or tissues in the body, where they regulate various physiological processes and maintain overall balance and homeostasis.

Question 13

connective tissue

Answer 13

a type of tissue that provides support, structure, and connection between different tissues and organs in the body. It consists of cells and an extracellular matrix that contains fibers and ground substance. Connective tissue plays a role in cushioning, protecting, and nourishing other tissues, as well as in maintaining the overall integrity and function of the body.

Question 14

matrix

Answer 14

refers to the non-cellular component of connective tissue that surrounds and supports cells. It consists of a gel-like substance called ground substance and various fibers, such as collagen and elastin. The matrix provides structural integrity, strength, and flexibility to the tissue, as well as facilitates cell communication and nutrient exchange.

Question 15

dense connective tissue

Answer 15

a type of connective tissue characterized by a high density of collagen fibers. It provides strength, support, and resistance to stretching in different parts of the body, such as tendons, ligaments, and the dermis of the skin. Dense connective tissue has fewer cells and more fibers compared to other types of connective tissue, making it well-suited for providing structural integrity and mechanical stability.

Question 16

collagen

Answer 16

a fibrous protein that is a major component of connective tissues in the body. It provides strength, structure, and elasticity to various tissues, including skin, tendons, ligaments, and bones. Collagen helps to maintain the integrity and resilience of these tissues, and it plays a crucial role in wound healing and tissue repair.

Question 17

fibroblasts

Answer 17

cells found in connective tissue that are responsible for producing and maintaining the extracellular matrix. They play a critical role in wound healing, tissue repair, and the synthesis of collagen, elastin, and other components of the connective tissue matrix. Fibroblasts are involved in maintaining the structural integrity and strength of tissues and are essential for the proper functioning of various organs and systems in the body.

Question 18

loose connective tissue

Answer 18

a type of connective tissue that has a loose arrangement of cells and fibers within an abundant ground substance. It fills the spaces between organs, provides support, and acts as a cushioning material. It also facilitates the exchange of nutrients, waste, and immune cells between different tissues. Loose connective tissue is found in various parts of the body, including beneath the skin, around blood vessels, and surrounding organs.

Question 19

adipose tissue

Answer 19

a specialized type of connective tissue primarily composed of fat cells called adipocytes. Its primary function is to store energy in the form of fat and serve as insulation and protection for the body. Adipose tissue is found throughout the body and is particularly concentrated in areas such as the abdomen, buttocks, and thighs. It plays a crucial role in regulating energy balance, hormone production, and thermal regulation.

Question 20

cartilage

Answer 20

a strong, flexible connective tissue that protects your joints and bones.

Question 21

bone

Answer 21

made of connective tissue reinforced with calcium and specialized bone cells.

Question 22

osteocyte

Answer 22

a cell that lies within the substance of fully formed bone.

Question 23

blood

Answer 23

fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products.