Terms

Question 1

Papilledema

Answer 1

swelling of the optic nerve head due to obstruction of venous outflow from the eyes (increased ICP)

Question 2

Myelopathy

Answer 2

pathology of the spinal cord

Question 3

Radiculopathy

Answer 3

Damage to one or more of the nerve roots for any reason

Question 4

Meningissmuss

Answer 4

reflex resistance to passive neck flesion (usually w/ pain from menigial irritation).

Question 5

Primary respiratory centers?

Answer 5

medulla

Question 6

Can the brain cause EKG changes that appear as ischemia?

Answer 6

Yes. w/ subarachnoid hemorrhage (incr. ST seg. and arrhythmia)

Question 7

Hydrocephalus

Answer 7

too much CSF

Question 8

Agnosia

Answer 8

can’t recognize what something is even though you can see, feel, or hear it.

Question 9

Agnosagnosia

Answer 9

inability to recognize a particular deficit (like that you are paralyzed).

Question 10

Apraxia

Answer 10

inability to synthesize complex motor patterns (though you have the strength and coordination).

Question 11

Receptive aphasia

Answer 11

inability to understand language

Question 12

Expressive aphasia

Answer 12

can’t synthesize language (written or verbal)

Question 13

Global aphasia

Answer 13

can’t understand or produce language

Question 14

dysinhibition

Answer 14

appearance of responses that are normally suppressed - (primitive reflexes)

Question 15

Dysnomia

Answer 15

inability to name objects

Question 16

Paraphasic

Answer 16

substituting words that have inappropriate meaning (that sounds similar)

Question 17

Paratonia

Answer 17

involuntary, irregular resistance to passive movement

Question 18

Perseveration

Answer 18

repeating motions or response when it is inappropriate to do so

Question 19

Anosmia

Answer 19

can’t smell

Question 20

hemianopsia

Answer 20

loss of visual perception of one-half of the visual world

Question 21

scotoma

Answer 21

patch of vision loss

Question 22

strabismus

Answer 22

lazy eye

Question 23

miosis

Answer 23

constriction of the pupil

Question 24

mydriasis

Answer 24

dilation of the pupil

Question 25

myopia

Answer 25

near-sighted (can't see far)

Question 26

hyperopia

Answer 26

far-sighted (can't see near)

Question 27

amblyopia

Answer 27

one eye has bad vision and the brain turns off control to that eye

Question 28

anisocorea

Answer 28

inequality of pupil size

Question 29

vertical gaze center in the brainstem

Answer 29

rostral interstitial nucleus

Question 30

ageusia

Answer 30

loss of taste perception

Question 31

dysarthria

Answer 31

cant speak (motor issues)

Question 32

dysphasia

Answer 32

difficulty swallowing

Question 33

agnosia

Answer 33

inability to recognize a sensation

Question 34

graphesthesia

Answer 34

inability to determine letters drawn on the skin

Question 35

sclerotome

Answer 35

area of bone and joints supplied by a single nerve root

Question 36

hyperpathia

Answer 36

exaggerated perception of normally painful stimuli

Question 37

allodynia

Answer 37

perception of normally innocuous stimuli as being painful

Question 38

hyperesthesia

Answer 38

excessive sensitivity to any modality

Question 39

dysesthesia

Answer 39

feeling pain when there is no stimulus

Question 40

Paresthesia

Answer 40

detection of a sensation in the absence of any stimulus

Question 41

athetosis

Answer 41

purposeless, involuntary writhing

Question 42

dystonia

Answer 42

involuntary, sustained twisting position of the body

Question 43

hemiballism

Answer 43

repeated, involuntary flinging movement of one side

Question 44

fasciculation

Answer 44

involuntary twitching of individual motor units

Question 45

delta brain waves

Answer 45

slowest brain waves

Question 46

beta brain waves

Answer 46

fastest brain waves

Question 47

pleocytosis

Answer 47

white blood cells in the CSF

Question 48

Charcot-Marie-Tooth

Answer 48

hereditary neuropathies that usually show up in late childhood

Question 49

Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Answer 49

autoimmune condition produces weakness in the hip girdle muscles

Question 50

Paraneoplastic syndrome

Answer 50

remote effects of a tumor - most often antibodies affecting another part of the body

Question 51

what is suggested by proximal, symmetrical distribution of weakness?

Answer 51

myopathy

Question 52

what is suggested by distal, symmetrical distribution of weakness?

Answer 52

neuropathy

Question 53

Tinel sign

Answer 53

generation of paresthesias in the distribution of the nerve following a light tap with the reflex hammer

Question 54

astasia-abasia

Answer 54

dramatic lurching (hysterical presentation)

Question 55

gait apraxia

Answer 55

pt makes simple walking movements - sliding feet along the ground

Question 56

transcortical aphasia

Answer 56

can't name objects presented to you - often seen in Alzheimer's

Question 57

paratonia

Answer 57

involuntary, irregular resistance to passive movements

Question 58

gait apraxia

Answer 58

shuffling

Question 59

dementia

Answer 59

diffuse loss or cortical functions - must be more than one cognitive function

Question 60

delerium

Answer 60

stupor + agitations

Question 61

reticular activating system

Answer 61

midbrain region needed to maintain consciousness

Question 62

locked-in

Answer 62

damage to the base of the pons with preservation of consciousness and vertical eye movements

Question 63

postherepetic neuralgia

Answer 63

continued pain and dysthesias after zoster infection

Question 64

fibromyalgia syndrome

Answer 64

idiopathic condition of diffuse, chronic pain