Terms - Exam 1

Question 1

Findspot

Answer 1

Place of discovery

Question 2

Paleolithic

Answer 2

Old Stone Age

Question 3

Sympathetic Magic theory

Answer 3

People tried to gain control over animals through supernatural forces via paintings

Question 4

Twisted Perspective

Answer 4

Figure is depicted with both profile and frontal views

[makes figure more identifiable]

Question 5

Neolithic

Answer 5

New Stone Age

Question 6

Henge

Answer 6

Large arrangement of stones in a circle; encircled by a ditch

Question 7

Mesopotamia

Answer 7

Akkad, Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria

Question 8

Ziggurat

Answer 8

Stepped tower, sometimes with a temple on top; Sumerian (Mesopotamian)

Question 9

Relief sculpture

Low- or bas-relief

Answer 9

Sculpture attached to a background

Carved barely apart from background

Question 10

Register

Answer 10

Long bands that tell stories

Question 11

Hierarchy of scale

Answer 11

Non-proportionate sizes represent importance of figures; clothing signifies higher status

Question 12

Votive figure

Answer 12

Sculptures depicting men and women wearing fringed skirts or dresses
[appears as praying]

Question 13

Conventionalized representation

Answer 13

Representation in a conventional manner

[Egyptians used specific proportions for people]

Question 14

Naturalism

Answer 14

Realistic portrayals; used for low status

Question 15

Stele

Answer 15

Monument made of a stone or wooden slab; used for historic events or funerary markings

Question 16

Schematic patterning

Answer 16

Relating to diagrams for structures or procedures?

Question 17

Frieze

Answer 17

Standalone register; band of images sharing groundline

[same layer of figures]

Question 18

Composite perspective

Answer 18

Similar to twisted perspective but more complex

[applied more to humans; TP applied more to animals]

Question 19

Lamassu

Answer 19

Assyrian winged, human-headed bull with five legs serving as a deity; Mesopotamia

Question 20

Necropolis

Answer 20

“City of the dead”; houses mastabas

Question 21

Sphinx

Answer 21

Body of a lion, head of a king; symbolizes strength of lion, intelligence of a human; [Face of Khafre]; Egyptian

Question 22

Idealism

Answer 22

Depicting ideal features/qualities; used for high status

Question 23

Canon of proportions

Answer 23

Use of a grid to give body parts predetermined sizes; Egyptian

Question 24

Mortuary temple

Answer 24

Temples near royal tombs; used for commemorating rulers and for followers after rulers’ death; Egyptian

Question 25

Ka

Answer 25

Similar to soul; Egyptian

Question 26

Mastaba

Answer 26

Brick/stone structure; rectangular, sloping side; below burial chamber; preserves ka

Question 27

Funerary

Answer 27

For remains of the dead

Question 28

Mastaba

Answer 28

Brick/stone structure; rectangular, sloping side; over a burial chamber; preserves ka; Egyptian

Question 29

Cylinder seal

Answer 29

Cylindrical stone with incised designs; rolled across clay or wax to create a signature seal; Mesopotamian

Question 30

Pyramid

Answer 30

Tomb for rulers and bureaucratic figures; symbol of the son; Egyptian

Question 31

Hypostyle temple

Answer 31

Hall with a roof supported by columns; interior is filled with columns (Temple of Karnak, Egypt)

Question 32

Amarna style

Answer 32

Art created during Akhenaton's reign; introduced an alternative style to idealism

Question 33

Sarcophagus

Answer 33

Stone coffin; adorned with depictions

Question 34

Book of the Dead

Answer 34

Funerary texts with incantations to guide and protect soul on journey to the afterlife

Question 35

Death mask

Answer 35

Mask of a person after their death; like a portrait

Question 36

Cycladic

Answer 36

Originating from people of the Cyclades islands in the Aegean Sea

Question 37

Minoan

Answer 37

Originating from people of Crete

Question 38

Fresco

Answer 38

Dry - secco (Egyptian) Wet - buono (true) (Greek) Painting on plaster

Question 39

Mycenaean

Answer 39

Last phase of Bronze Age in Ancient Greece

Question 40

Corbel; corbelling

Answer 40

Inward-sloping walls coming together at the top; offset stone or brick in which each course projects toward the center of an arch from each side (corbel arch)

Question 41

Geometric

Answer 41

Geometric motifs commonly used in vase paintings from Athens [Greek]

Question 42

Krater

Answer 42

Large vase for mixing wine and water [Greek]

Question 43

Kouros

Answer 43

Arachaic Greek statue of man, usually standing naked; often of noble rank

Question 44

Kore

Answer 44

Archaic Greek statue of a young female

Question 45

Archaic smile

Answer 45

Used by Greek Archaic sculptors; suggests life in subject

Question 46

Black-figure vase painting

Answer 46

Black slip for subjects, leave background color alone; Athens, Greece

Question 47

Red-figure vase painting

Answer 47

Subjects remain color of background, black slip for background; Athens, Greece

Question 48

Greek orders

Answer 48

Styles of architecture, characterized by types of columns; Doric, Ionic, Corinthian

Question 49

Column

Answer 49

Decorative pillar, post to the lintel; capital, shaft, base

Question 50

Chamfering

Answer 50

45 degree transition between edges of two faces

Question 51

Stylobate

Answer 51

Top step of platform on which colonnades of temple columns are placed

Question 52

Entablature

Answer 52

Horizontal part resting on columns; lintel to the post

Question 53

Pediment

Answer 53

Triangular space under roof [of Greek temple]; on top of entablature

Question 54

Contrapposto

Answer 54

When a human figure has weight shift so upper torso twists away from lower half

Question 55

Triglyphs and metopes

Answer 55

Metopes fill space between triglyphs in a frieze; Doric entablature

Question 56

Wet drapery

Answer 56

Greek style that showed movement and shape of body under clothing

Question 57

Caryatid

Answer 57

Sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support; takes place of column or pillar; supports entablature on head; [Greek - Porch of the Maidens]

Question 58

Mosaic

Answer 58

Image made of assembled pieces of colored materials; creates a bigger picture

Question 59

Tesserae

Answer 59

Tiles, often cubes, used in creating mosaics