Terms - Exam 2

Question 1

Hellenistic

Answer 1

Began with the death of Alexander the Great; ended with the Roman conquest of Greece

Question 2

Etruscan

Answer 2

From area of modern Italy (not a united region); eventually became a part of the Roman Empire

Question 3

Animation

Answer 3

Shows motion? Statues seem more realistic, as if they are actually engaged and moving

Question 4

Round arch

Answer 4

Arch that forms continuous curve; weight is directed down and outward by the keystone

Question 5

Voussoirs

Answer 5

Wedge-shaped pieces that form an arch or vault

Question 6

Verism or veristic portraiture

Answer 6

Form of hyperrealism; subject is of every day (contemporary) matter rather than heroic or legendary

Question 7

Republican Rome

Answer 7

[After Hellenistic Greece]

[Before Imperial Rome]

Question 8

Imperial Rome

Answer 8

[After Republican Rome]

[Begins with Portrait of Augustus as a general]

Question 9

Iconography

Answer 9

The study of the details used to depict subjects…

Question 10

Aqueduct

Answer 10

A structure (usually a bridge) that carries water over a long distance

Question 11

Amphitheater

Answer 11

Circular or oval building in which seats rise from a central open arena [Colosseum, Imperial Rome]

Question 12

Concrete

Answer 12

Mixed with volcanic ash to create a stronger building material; used for the Colosseum [Rome] and the Pantheon (?) mixed with pumice or ___

Question 13

Engaged Column

Answer 13

Column embedded in a wall and partly projecting

Question 14

Pilaster

Answer 14

Flat column embedded in wall (flat engaged column); decorative [Rome]

Question 15

Triumphal arch

Answer 15

Monumental structure shaped in an arch with one or more arched passageways [Arch of Titus, Arch of Constantine; Imperial Rome, Late Rome]

Question 16

Hemispherical dome

Answer 16

Round arch rotated around the full circumference of a circle; rested on cylindrical drums

Question 17

Drum

Answer 17

One of the stacked cylindrical stones that form the shaft of a column; cylindrical wall that supports a dome

Question 18

Constantine the Great

Answer 18

Emperor of Rome who stopped persecution of Christians; moved capital from Rome to Byzantium [late Rome]

Question 19

Basilica

nave, aisles, apse, transept, narthex

Answer 19

Large; rectangular building; often built with clerestory, side aisles separated from center nave by colonnades, apse at one or both ends; Roman centers for church use; Constantine’s era - transverse aisle (transept) at end of nave (late Rome)

Question 20

Catacombs

Answer 20

Underground necropolis for Christians when they were still being persecuted; Rome [Early Christian]

Question 21

Cubiculum

Answer 21

Chamber in catacombs for mortuary chapels; location of The Good Shepherd [Early Christian]

Question 22

Mausoleum

Answer 22

Monumental tomb

Question 23

Good Shepherd

Answer 23

Depicts Jesus as the Good Shepherd who lays down his life for his sheep [Early Christian]

Question 24

Byzantine

Answer 24

Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium); Christianity official religion

Question 25

Pendentive

Answer 25

Allows placing a circular dome on a square room (or oval dome on rectangular room); triangular segments taper down to continue circular base

Question 26

Lunette

Answer 26

Semi-circular picture above door, window, etc. with flat side down

Question 27

Mandorla

Answer 27

Egg-shape that encloses holy figures in art

Question 28

Icon

Answer 28

Worshiping figure depicted allows for direct communication (Christ, Mary, saints) [Byzantine]

Question 29

Islam/Islamic

Answer 29

Religion of Muslims; started by Muhammad; patrons or artists are Muslim

Question 30

Koran

Answer 30

Sacred text of Islam, word of God

Question 31

Kufic script

Answer 31

Straight and angular Arabic calligraphy; decoration

Question 32

Arabic script

Answer 32

Calligraphy of the Arabic language