terms for common livestock and poultry Flashcards by mika pin

Species: Cattle
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Bovine/ox/cow
Calf
Heifer and Cow
Bull and Bull
Steer and none
Calving
Herd
Veal/Beef

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Species: Carabao
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Bubaline/Water buffalo
Caracalf
Caraheifer and Caracow
Carabull and Carabull
Carasteer and Stag
Calving
Herd
Carabeef

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Species: Swine
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Swine/Hog/Pig
Piglet/Shoat
Gilt and Sow
Boar and Boar
Barrow and Stag
Farrowing
Herd/Drove
Pork

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Species: Goat
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Caprine
Kid
Doe/Nanny and Doe
Buck kid and Buck billy
Wether and Stag
Kidding
Band
Chevon

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Species: Sheep
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Ovine
Lamb
Ewe and Ewe
Ram and Ram/Buck
Wether and Stag
Lambing
Hurtle/Flock
Lamb/Mutton

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Species: Horse
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Equine
Foal
Filly and Filly
Colt and Stallion/Stud
Gelding and Stag
Foaling
Band/Stable
Chevaline

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Species: Chicken
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Avian
Chick
Pullet and Hen
Cockerel and Cock/Rooster
Capon
Laying/Hatching
Flock
Poultry meat

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Species: Duck
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Avian/Mallard, pekin duck, muscovy duck
Duckling
Duck Hen and Duck Hen
Drake and Drake
Laying/Hatching
Flock
Poultry meat

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Species: Goose
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Avian
Gosling
Goose and Goose
Gander and Gander
Laying/Hatching
Gaggle/Flock
Poultry meat

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Species: Turkey
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Avian
Poult
Young Hen and Hen
Young tom and Tom
Laying/Hatching
Flock
Poultry meat

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Species: Rabbit
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Bunny/Rabbit
Bunny
Doe
Buck
Kindling
Colony/Hutch
Lapan

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Species: Dog
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Canine
Puppy/Pup
Bitch
Dog
Neutered Male
Whelping
Pack
8.

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Species: Cat
What is the term for:
1. Class term
2. Young (general)
3. Female (young and mature)
4. Entire Male (young and mature)
5. Castrated male (young and mature)
6. Parturition
7. Group
8. Meat term

Feline
Kitten
Queen
Tomcat
Neutered Male
Queening
Pride
8.

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Quail

Coturnix coturnix japonica

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Pigeons

Columbia livia

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Guinea Fowl

Numida meleagris

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domestic horned ungulate belonging to genus bubalus; also known as water buffalo, Asiatic buffaloes, carabao, etc.

Buffalo

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close relative of the horse, also known as ass or burro (Equus asinus)

Donkey

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Male ass

Jack (Jackass)

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Female ass

Jennet (Jenny)

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produced from crossing a jackass with mare (reproductively sterile)

Mule

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produced from crossing a stallion with a jennet (reproductively sterile)

Hinny

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small-type horse, under 14.2 hands ( 57 inch.) in height at the withers

Pony

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Female Mink

Jill

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a young bull, typically less than 20 months of age

Bullock

or native hare (genus lepus) wild relative of the domestic (Orytelagus)

Jackrabbit

young male or female domestic rabbit (meat-type)

Fryer

young meat type of chicken of either sex (usually up to 6-8 weeks of age) weighing 1.3-2.2 kg. Also referred to as Fryer or young chicken

Broiler

meat type of chicken of either sex (typically 3-5 months of age) weighing about 2.95 kg. average live weight

Roaster

young immature pigeon, usually up to 30 days old (also refers to its meat)

Squab

meat type chicken sold at 0.9-1.1 kg. (2-2.5 lb) live weight. Usually smaller than broiler, and sold whole body and never cut

Squab Broiler

cockerel or type of poultry meat from surgically castrated male chicken weighing 3.6 to 4.5 kg.

Capon

young guinea fowl

keet

big birds (ostrich, emu, rhea) known for their red meat and skins (for leather)

Ratite

meat from ruminants with split hooves where the animals have been slaughtered according to Jewish practices and law.

Kosher Meat

refers to the male parent.

Sire

refers to the female parent

Dam

refers to the breeding process or mating in goats.

Rutting

weaned cattle fed high-roughage diets before going to the feedlot. Also to describe light/thin feeders/mature cows purchased to utilize low-quality roughage

Stocker

usually the breeding stallion. Also a place where male animals are maintained.

Stud

usually male livestock mammals castrated after puberty; also refers to young but sexually mature ( 7 mos 1 year) fighting cock

Stag

fat from pigs produced through a rendering process.

Lard

fat of cattle, buffalo or sheep.

Tallow

female fox.

Vixen

to separate a young animal from its dam, and from suckling milk.

Wean

tropical humped cattle breeds (Bos indicus) of Indian ( S. Asia) origin.

Zebu

adaptation to environment over a period of time

Acclimatization

as desired by the animal; self-fed.

Ad-libitum

raising/production of fishes/marine products in selected or controlled environments.

Aquaculture

planned system/measure to prevent entry and spread of diseases in the flock/herd.

Biosecurity

tendency of hen to nest; incubating behavior

Broodiness

raising and caring for chicks in a protective environment (usually for the first 5-6 weeks).

Brooding

tendency or vice of animals in herd/flock to bite/peck others causing injuries.

Cannibalism

animal body less viscera,head, skin and lower legs after slaughter.

Carcass

removal of the testicles of male animals.

Castration

(thermoneutral zone)- range of temperatures at which animal performance is maximized.

Comfort zone

structure/shape (or a cut) of animal carcass.

Conformation

eating or consumption of feces

Coprophagy

feed provided to young animals within an enclosure that excludes larger animals.

Creep feed

a bolus of previously eaten food which has been regurgitated for further chewing.

Cud

-swallowing.

Deglutition

a belching/burping;expulsion of accumulated gastric gases.

Erucation

scientific study of animal behavior in natural or typical environment.

Ethology

deposition of unused energy in the form of fat within body tissues.

Fattening

to fatten a slaughter animal; also the degree of fatness of such animal.

Finishing

practice of feeding higher amount of nutrients prior to and during breeding for ovulation.

Flushing

refers to wild birds (eg. Pheasants) for hunting.

Gamebirds

type of chicken of both sexes especially bred to produce fighting cocks.

Gamefowls

-maintenance of physiological stability even though environment may change.

Homeostasis

(warm-blooded animal)- animal that utilizes or dissipates energy to maintain body temperature ( 370C).

Homeotherm

refers to raising, production and proper care of livestock and poultry animals.

Husbandry

bedding/flooring materials such as sawdust, rice hulls, wood shavings; b) a group of piglets/puppies born of a sow/bitch at the same paturition.

Litter

the interspersion of fat particles in lean meat.

Marbling

chewing.

Mastication

gross overall population of microorganisms (bacteria,protozoans, yeast, etc.)

Microflora

animal fiber used for upholstery or clothing; of greater length and less crimp than wool.

Mohair

property of being pleasing to taste.

Palatability

social order; the tendency of animals to behavior in order of social dominance

Pecking order

the length of daylight or artificial light provided

Photoperiod

animal with little or no ability to maintain an even body temperature, so temperature is influenced largely by the immediate environment.

Poikilotherm (cold-blooded animal)

act of voluntary vomiting of swallowed food.

Regurgitation

feed low in digestible energy and high in fiber.

Roughage

succulent feed produced from anaerobic storage and fermentation of forages.

Silage

a semi-airtight to airtight structure for use in the production and storage of silage.

Silo

health or physical integrity of an animal or some of its parts.

Soundness

to remove the ovaries or sever the oviducts leading to the uterus; neutering in females.

Spay

refers to the fat of cattle, buffalo or sheep.

Tallow

subjects related to the science of livestock and poultry production/management,nutrition, breeding/genetics, with emphasis on the quality of production, animal health, safety (public health and animal welfare, usually taken as courses in veterinary medicine

Zootechnics

The creation of new animal life through successful reproduction in the breeding herd or flock is essential to profitability and overall animal productivity. For the commercial livestock and poultry farmers, reproductive efficiency is an important key in keeping animal productivity high and production costs low. Thus it is a trait of great economic importance in farm animal production, which is measured in terms of e.g. calving rate, litter size egg production, etc. The basic principle of farm animal reproduction is accomplished by the union of male sex cell (sperm) with the female sex cell (ovum) resulting in a zygote to develop into a fetus and becoming a new individual.

Animal Reproduction

part of the pituitary gland located at the base of the brain that produces several hormones (including gonadotropins).

Anterior pituitary (AP) or adenohypophysis

yellowish body in the mammalian ovary developed from follicular cells, which secretes progesterone.

Corpus luteum (CL)

the degeneration or destruction of an ovarian CL usually due to prostaglandin.

Luteolysis

cells between the seminiferous tubules of the testicle that produce testosterone

Interstitial cells (Leydig cells)

one of the two testes of a male or ovaries of a female; organ which produces sex cells.

Gonad

hormone secreted by the hypothalamus that acts on the AP to release gonadotropins (LH and FSH).

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)

gonadotropic hormone produced and released by the AP that stimulates the production of estogens, development of ovarian follicles (together with LH) in female, and spermatogenesis in male.

Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

gonadotropic hormone produced and released by the AP which in female, synergistically with FSH, stimulates estrogen secretion, follicle maturation, initiates ovulation, and formation and retention of CL; in male, stimulation of interstitial cells to produce testosterone

Luteinizing hormone (LH) or interstitial cell-stimulating hormone (ICSH

male sex hormone that stimulates the accessory sex glands, male sex drive and development of male secondary sex (masculine) characteristics.

Testosterone

hormone (including estradiol, estriol, and estrone) produced mainly in the ovary and placenta responsible for female to physiologically into heat and be receptive to the male, cyclic change of female tubular genital tract; secondary female sex characteristics.

Estrogen

hormone produced by the CL and also at the placenta mainly responsible for progestational proliferation in the uterus for implantation and pregnancy maintenance; mammary and uterine gland development.

Progesterone

the production and release of more ova (multiple ovulation) at a single estrus as performed in embryo transfer.

Superovulation

one third of the length of gestation period.

Trimester

time or period after birth

Postpartum

layman’s term for expelled uterine membranes or placenta after giving birth.

Afterbirth

the period of milk secretion. Usually begins at parturition and ends when offspring are weaned or when milking is stopped (in case of dairy cattle).

Lactation

irst milk secreted postpartum containing high nutrients and antibodies for passive immunity of newborn

Colostrum

animals born to a parent; descendants, either the first or a later generation;

Offspring – ( or Progeny)

refers to newborn animal or young

neonate

refers to prenatal stage after fetal membranes (placenta) become functional or beyond the embryo stage

Fetus

animals with same parents like a brother/sister

sib or siblings

terms for common livestock and poultry Flashcards

(113 cards)