Test #1

Question 1

Def of Psychology

Answer 1

Scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Question 2

Who found Structuralism

Answer 2

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920)

Question 3

Structuralism

Answer 3

How the mind is structured
Beginning of psychology as a scientific discipline
First experimental lab devoted to psychology

Question 4

Introspection

Answer 4

Technique used to uncover the structure of the mind

Question 5

Functionalism

Answer 5

The minds “stream of consciousness”

What the mind does and how it effects behavior

The thoughts that are going through your mind right now

Question 6

Who found Functionalism

Answer 6

William James (1842-1910)

Question 7

Gestalt Psychology

Answer 7

To understand consciousness
Must study the whole, not just the parts

Question 8

Biological/Neuro perspective

Answer 8

Views behavior from the perspective of the brain, nervous system, and other biological functions

Question 9

Behaviorism

Answer 9

Behavior, Learning, Conditioning

Watson and Skinner

Question 10

Psychodynamic

Answer 10

Behavior is influenced by the unconscious
Aggression and sexual impulses

Sigmund Freud

Question 11

Humanistic

Answer 11

Free will and self-actual action

Maslow and Rogers

Question 12

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 12

Thinking, Memory, and Intelligence

Question 13

Evolutionary

Answer 13

Survival, Natural Selection, Adaptation, Reproduction

Question 14

Sociocultural

Answer 14

Culture

Differences:
between ethnic and cultural groups
Within and across countries

Question 15

Scientific Method

Answer 15

Observation
Formulate a question
Generate a testable prediction
Data
Conclusions

Question 16

Biological/Neuro involves

Answer 16

Nervous system, neurons, and neurotransmitters

Question 17

Central Nervous System involves

Answer 17

Brain and spinal cord

Question 18

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 18

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 19

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 19

Helps prepare for stressful situations

Question 20

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 20

Helps calm you down after stressful situations

Question 21

Function of Neurons

Answer 21

Have the ability to communicate with other cells

Transmits info across long distances

Question 22

Structure of Neurons

Answer 22

Dendrites
Axon
Axon terminals
Synapse

Question 23

Dendrites

Answer 23

Receives messages from other neurons

Have tree like fibers

Question 24

Axon

Answer 24

Transmits information

Question 25

Axon terminals

Answer 25

Send the message to other neurons

Question 26

Synapse

Answer 26

Small gap between neurons

Question 27

What does Dopamine do?

Answer 27

Pleasure, motivation, arousal, reward, and cognition Cocaine stimulates dopamine and gives people a high

Question 28

Dopamine

Answer 28

Voluntary movement Reward anticipation Stimulant drugs; activate dopamine receptors Parkinson’s meds: lower dopamine levels Schizophrenia meds: higher dopamine levels

Question 29

Serotonin

Answer 29

Contributes to feelings of well being and happiness Regulates sleep

Question 30

What if there isn’t enough serotonin in your system

Answer 30

It can lead to anxiety and depression

Question 31

Def of Development

Answer 31

Pattern of movement or change Begins at conception and continues through the human life span

Question 32

Prenatal Development

Answer 32

Conception : union of egg and sperm Embryo Fetus

Question 33

Who found the different parenting styles

Answer 33

Baumrinds?

Question 34

Authoritative parenting

Answer 34

Rules are explained, Friar limits, parents encourage independence Positive

Question 35

Authoritarian Parenting

Answer 35

Strict rules with little discussion of reason why Punitive Controlling Negative

Question 36

Permissive parenting

Answer 36

Parents are involves, few limits No rules or structure Negative

Question 37

Uninvolved parenting

Answer 37

Parents are not around Neglectful Negative

Question 38

Who found moral development

Answer 38

Kohlberg

Question 39

Moral development

Answer 39

Presented moral dilemmas and responses

Question 40

Preconventional

Answer 40

Behavior guided by punishments and rewards

Question 41

Conventional

Answer 41

Standards learned from parents and society

Question 42

Postconventional

Answer 42

Internal understanding

Question 43

Cognitive Development

Answer 43

Children develop schemas concepts that organize info

Question 44

Assimilation

Answer 44

Incorporate new info existing schemas

Question 45

Accommodation

Answer 45

Adjust schemas to new info

Question 46

Who founded cognitive development

Answer 46

Jean Piaget

Question 47

Perception

Answer 47

Organizing and interpreting signals

Question 48

Sensation

Answer 48

Receive signals from the environment

Question 49

Absolute Threshold

Answer 49

Minimum amount of energy an organism can detect %50 of the time

Question 50

Difference threshold

Answer 50

How much stimulus change is necessary for detection

Question 51

Webers Law

Answer 51

To be perceived as different 2 stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage

Question 52

Top down process

Answer 52

Initiated by cognitive processing Internal/mental worlds influence on perception prior understanding

Question 53

Bottom up process

Answer 53

Outside world influence on perception

Question 54

Subliminal perception

Answer 54

Influence of info below the level of conscious awareness