Test 1

Question 1

What three pulses can be found in the lower extremities?

Answer 1

Popliteal: behind the knee
Posterior Tibial: posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus
Dorsal Pedis: Lateral to the tendon

Question 2

Vertebral level of mastoid process

Answer 2

C1

Question 3

Vertebral level of vertebral prominens

Answer 3

C7

Question 4

Vertebral level of Inferior angle of scapula

Answer 4

T7

Question 5

Vertebral level of spine of scapula

Answer 5

T3

Question 6

Vertebral level of iliac crest

Answer 6

L4

Question 7

Vertebral level of umbilicus

Answer 7

L4

Question 8

Vertebral level of jugular notch

Answer 8

T2

Question 9

In what positions is the patient examined in the standard exam?

Answer 9

5 positions:

Standing, walking, seated, prone, supine

Question 10

Define antalgic

Answer 10

avoiding pain

Question 11

What are the things you should look for while analyzing gait?

Answer 11

Time spent on legs
Arm swing
Trunk rotation
Trunk sidebending
Stride length
Knee varus/valgus
Leg internal/external rotation
Foot pronation/supination

Question 12

What does the standing flexion test do?

Answer 12

Tests the motion of the ilium on the sacrum.
A positive result is having one PSIS move up more than another. To ensure a correct test, level the PSIS’s before starting by placing shims under the feet.

Question 13

What is a normal range of motion for lumbar flexion/extension?

Answer 13

Flexion: 70-90 degrees
Extension: 30-45 degrees

Question 14

What is the seated flexion test?

Answer 14

Doctor has hands on the PSIS and monitors motion while seated patient leans forward.
Tests motion of the sacrum on the ilium.
Positive is motion of one ilium more than one finger width superior than the other.
The side that rises has the issues.

Question 15

What are normal ranges of motion for the cervical spine?

Answer 15

Flexion: 45 deg
Extension: 90 deg
Sidebending: 35-45 deg each way
Rotation: 80-90 deg each way

Question 16

What is the normal rotational range for the thoracic+lumbar region?

Answer 16

~90 degrees

Question 17

What does TART stand for?

Answer 17

Tissue texture changes
Asymmetry
Restriction of motion
Tenderness to palpation

Question 18

Describe a Type 1 somatic dysfunction.

Answer 18

Group dysfunction
Neutral (not flexed or extended)
Rotation and sidebending occur on opposite sides
Side bending named first in nomenclature
Example: T4-T9SlRr

Question 19

Describe Type 2 somatic dysfunction.

Answer 19

Single vertebra
Segment is either flexed or extended
Name for flexed or extended based on when the pothole or speed bump go away. (Where it likes to go).
Rotation and sidebending occur to the same side.
Example: T6 FRSr

Question 20

How to tell the difference between C7 and T1 vertebrae.

Answer 20

C7 moves and T1 does not during neck flexion.

Question 21

Describe the rule of threes for the thoracic vertebrae spinous processes.

Answer 21

T1-T3: Spinous processes are at the same level as their transverse processes

T4-T6: Spinous processes 1/2 vertebra below their transverse processes

T7-T9: Spinous process are 1 vertebra below their transverse processes

T10-T12: Spinous processes slowly come back up until the T12 is like the L1 vertebra

Question 22

Basic steps for diagnosing a somatic dysfunction.

Answer 22

Feel down the back for potholes/speedbumps
Push on the transverse processes to see which direction it likes to go
Flex and extend and see where it gets better
Using the rotational and flex/extend information, name the dysfunction using Fryette’s principles

Question 23

Name the dysfunction if the right transverse process protrudes, and left transverse process is easier to push in, and it gets worse in flexion and extension.

Answer 23

Best in neutral, so Type 1 dysfunction
Must be a group dysfunction
Rotation and side bending are opposite
Example name: T4-T6 NSlRr

Question 24

Name the dysfunction if t6 is rotated left and gets better in flexion.

Answer 24

T6 FRSl