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Physical Science > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A description of a theory that accounts for its known or inferred properties -force: push or pull on an object

A

Model

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2
Q

A tentative explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem that can be tested by further investigation

A

Hypothesis

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3
Q

The force between objects with mass

A

Gravity

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4
Q

A force that tends to break the nucleus of an atom apart which caused radioactive decay

A

Weak (nuclear) Force

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5
Q

An explanation for a group of facts, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena

A

Theory

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6
Q

A force that holds the nucleus of an atom together

A

Strong (nuclear) force

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7
Q

Well tested theory, so firm as to be unquestioned by science

A

Law

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8
Q

The force between charged particles

A

electromagnetic force

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9
Q

The force that keeps the planets in orbit around the sun

A

Gravitational force

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10
Q

The force that holds the nucleus of an atom together

A

Strong force

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11
Q

The force that holds the atoms in your textbook together

A

Electromagnetic force

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12
Q

The force that makes apples fall from trees

A

Gravitational force

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13
Q

The attractive force that is felt between to objects with opposite charge

A

Electromagnetic force

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14
Q

T or F
If a single experiment shows a well established theory or law to be false, the theory or law must be immediately discarded

A

False

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15
Q

T or F
If several reproducible experiments are done to show that a well established theory or law is false and there is a consensus in the scientific community, then the theory or law must be modified

A

True

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16
Q

2000 kg can be written as

A

2*10^6 g

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17
Q

A measure of the amount of matter in an object

A

Mass

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18
Q

The change in the velocity of an object

A

Acceleration

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19
Q

Motion of an object that is moving at a constant speed in a straight line

A

Uniform Motion

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20
Q

The sum of all of the forces present on an object

A

Net force

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21
Q

A measure of the force of gravity on a object

A

weight

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22
Q

The speed and direction of an object

A

Velocity

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23
Q

Towards a center

A

Centripetal

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24
Q

A driver in a small car is going 10 miles per hour going toward a truck that is twice as massive as the car and is going 40 miles per hour. The two vehicles experience a head-on collision. Which of the following is true concerning the forces

A

The car experience a force that is the same as the force that the truck experiences

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25
Q

In the head-on collision between the car and truck in the question above, which of the following statements is true concerning acceleration

A

The acceleration of the truck is much smaller that that of the car

26
Q

Suppose an elephant and an ant are both running at 1 MPH when they both encounter a long patch of slick ice where friction can be neglected. They begin to slide on the ice. Which statement is true concerning their motion

A

Neither the elephant nor the ant will sop and will both continue to slide at 1 mile per hour as long as the ice last

27
Q

Two people see the elephant and the ant on the ice and decide to help them. One exerts a force of 1 Newton on the elephant and the other exerts a 1 Newton force on the ant. Then?

A

The ant will stop first due to its smaller mass

28
Q

Two Massive objects are attracted to each other by gravitational forces. Suppose I double the mass of one of the objects. How does this change the gravitational forces between the two objects?

A

It increases the gravitational force between the two objects

29
Q

Two massive objects are attracted to each other by gravitational forces. Suppose I double the distance between the two objects. How does this change the gravitational forces between the two objects.

A

It decreases the gravitational force between the two objects

30
Q

A cannon ball and a marble are dropped from the same height at the same time. Both are originally at rest. Ignore air friction. How do the speed and acceleration of the cannonball compare with those of the marble at any given time after they are dropped?

A

The speed and acceleration of the cannonball are both the same as those of the marble

31
Q

How does the gravitational force on the cannonball compare with that of the marble

A

The gravitational force on the cannonball is larger

32
Q

An object moves higher and higher above the surface of the earth,

A

Its weight decreases

33
Q

If a ball is dropped off a cliff at the same exact moment that an identical ball is thrown horizontally off the same cliff, which ball hits the ground first

A

Both balls hit the ground at the same time

34
Q

A material that does not permit electrons to go through it

A

Insulator

35
Q

The temperature above which a magnet can no longer be magnetized

A

curie temperature

36
Q

A particle in an atom with a positive charge

A

Proton

37
Q

Electric charges (generally electrons) flowing through a conductor

A

Electric current

38
Q

A particle in an atom with a neutral charge

A

Neutron

39
Q

A metal alloy that is attracted to a magnet or can be turned into a permanent magnet

A

Ferromagnetic

40
Q

Th ability to produce a magnetic field from an electric current

A

Electromagnetic Induction

41
Q

A material that allows electrons to flow through it

A

Conductor

42
Q

a particle in an atom with a negative charge

A

Electron

43
Q

If two positively charge objects are brought near each other…

A

The objects will repel each another

44
Q

An object that is positively charged is near an object that is negatively charged. Suppose I move these objects closer together. What will happen to the electromagnetic forces between them>

A

The attractive force will be greater

45
Q

When you rub a balloon in your hair, the balloon becomes negatively charged. What is the correct explanation for this charge?

A

Electrons are transferred from the hair to the balloon

46
Q

The contact force is cause by

A

Electrons of two atoms repelling each other

47
Q

A girl stands in an elevator on a scale as the elevator just begins to move upward from the first to the second floor. What describes her acceleration?

A

Her acceleration is upward

48
Q

Now the elevator and the girl standing on the scale are mid-floor and are moving at a constant speed upward. Which describes her acceleration?

A

Her acceleration is zero

49
Q

As the elevator approaches the second floor, it begins to slow to a stop. What describes her acceleration

A

Her acceleration is downward

50
Q

A bullet is fired horizontally from a high-powered rifle. At the same time one is dropped from the same height. Neglecting air resistance what describes the acceleration of the first bullet compared to the second.

A

The acceleration of the first bullet is the same as the acceleration of the bullet that was dropped.

51
Q

A raindrop, as it falls to the ground, reaches a speed known as terminal velocity where the speed of the raindrop is neither increasing nor decreasing. How many forces are acting on the raindrop at terminal velocity

A

Two vertical forces which balance each other

52
Q

A boy on a sled is topped at the top of a gentle hill. He starts down the hill, sleds at a constant speed for a short time, then slows down and stops at the bottom. What explains what happens at the bottom of the hill?

A

The sled slowly comes to rest because of a net force acting backwards.

53
Q

A force pushing upward on objects immersed in a fluid

A

Buoyant force

54
Q

The force that an object exerts divided by the area of the object

A

Pressure

55
Q

Circulation in a fluid caused by temperature and density differences

A

Convection

56
Q

Any material that flows which includes gasses and liquids

A

Fluid

57
Q

An object’s mass divided by its volume

A

Density

58
Q

In convection currents, warmer air rises and cooler air descends. What is correct?

A

The warmer air has a lower density that the cooler air which it displaces

59
Q

A ball floats in water at rest with with half its volume submerged. If the ball weighs 2lbs, how much does the water weigh that it displaced

A

2lb equal to the weight of the ball

60
Q

The same ball from the previous question is now pushed down so that it is completely underneath the water. How does the buoyant force on the ball change when it is submerged compared to when it is floating?

A

The buoyant force on the ball is greater when the ball is completely submerged

61
Q

What happens to the pressure on the ball from the previous question as it is pushed deeper into the water?

A

It increases

62
Q

A beach ball that has been submerged under the surface of the water is released and floats to the surface. What happens to the pressure on the ball as it rises to the surface

A

It decreases

Physical Science (4 decks)

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