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SOCI 388 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Informal Norms

A

Customs of a society

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2
Q

Formal norms

A

Laws

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3
Q

Ostracism or ridicule are…

A

Informal social controls used to “punish” deviants

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4
Q

Expectations of rules and behaviors that have been codifed

A

Laws

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5
Q

The breaking of laws

A

Crime

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6
Q

Formal social controls are the punishments for…

A

Breaking the law

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7
Q

What originates in the work of Emile Durkheim?

A

Consensus in the creation of criminal law

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8
Q

The consensus in the creation of criminal law assumes…

A

A consensus of opinion among people from all walks of life on what the social norms of behavior are and should be

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9
Q

People obey because…

A

They have internalized the norms

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10
Q

________ is necessary to ensure continuing social stability

A

Punishment

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11
Q

Conflict in the creation of criminal law is derived from whose work?

A

Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels

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12
Q

The opposite of consensus theory

A

Conflict in the creation of criminal law

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13
Q
  1. ) To prevent and control crime and criminal behavior
  2. ) Articulate our society’s moral values and concerns
  3. ) Protect the rights and freedoms of the nation’s citizenry
A

Goals of criminal law

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14
Q
  1. ) Evil in themselves

2. ) Violate traditional norms and moral codes

A

Mala in se

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15
Q
  1. ) Wrong only because prohibited by law

2. ) Behaviors that violate contemporary standards

A

Mala prohibita

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16
Q

2 classifications of crime

A
  1. ) Felony

2. ) Misdemeanor

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17
Q

Crimes punishable by more than one year in prison

A

Felonies

18
Q

Where are felonies served?

A

In State or Federal prisons depending on whether a state or federal law was broken

19
Q

Punishable by less than one year incarceration and are often serve out the sentence in a county jail

A

Misdemeanor

20
Q

What 2 things have to be proven in order for someone to be found guilty of a crime?

A
  1. ) Actus Reus

2. ) Mens Rea

21
Q

Actus Reus

A

Actual act

22
Q

Mens Rea

A

Guilty mind or criminal intent

23
Q

Policy decisions by public officials should reflect public opinion

A

Democratic theory

24
Q

What 2 ways does the news media overdramatize crime?

A
  1. ) Crime waves

2. ) Overreporting of violent crime

25
Q

Judgments of appropriate punishment for convicted criminals

A

Punitiveness

26
Q

2 differences in sentencing preferences

A
  1. ) Religious

2. ) Racial

27
Q

UCR stands for

A

The Uniform Crime Reports

28
Q
  • Began in 1930s by the FBI
  • Involves collection of statistics from almost all the nation’s police prescincts
  • Part 1 offenses or Index crimes are considered the most serious (8 total)
  • Part 2 or non Index crimes
A

Uniform Crime Report

29
Q

When the crime is reported to the police it is a…

A

Type 1 offense

30
Q

When a crime is cleared through arrest it is a…

A

Type 2 offenses

31
Q

What percentage of victims do not report crime?

A

60%

32
Q

Police discover what percentage of crime

A

3-4%

33
Q

NIBRS

A

National Incident Based Reporting System

34
Q
  • Developed to address problems with UCR and will eventually replace it
  • Provides extensive information on each incident
  • Relationships between offenders and victims
  • Use of alcohol/drugs in relation to crim
A

National Incident Based Reporting System

35
Q

NCVS

A

The National Crime Victimization Survey

36
Q
  • 1970s
  • Gathers info on context of the crime characteristics of crime victims
  • Random survey of 40,000+ households in the U.S.
  • Said to gather info on crimes not reported to police
A

The National Crime Victimization Survey

37
Q
  • Interviews or questionnaires
  • Can demonstrate prevalence of offending
  • Incidence of offending
  • Commonly used with jail or prison populations and adolescents
A

Self report studies

38
Q

Best estimate of actual number of crimes

A

NCVS

39
Q

Better sources for offender characteristics (2)

A

UCR and self-report

40
Q

Better for understanding geographical distribution of street crime

A

UCR

SOCI 388 (4 decks)

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