Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing Foundations Test 1 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Theory of animism

A
  • Good spirits brought health; evil spirits brought sickness and death.
  • Roles of nurse and physician separate and distinct: physician as medicine man; nurse as caring mother.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Florence Nightingale

A
  • challenged prejudices against women and elevated the status of all nurses.
  • She established the first training school for nurses, and wrote books about health care and nursing education.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nursing origin

A

Originated from the Latin word nutrix (to nourish)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ICN definition

A

Promotion of health, prevention of illness, collaborative care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ANA definition

A

Social policy statement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cognitive skills

A

involve thinking about the nature of things sufficiently to make decisions regarding care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Technical skills

A

enable nurses to manipulate equipment to produce a desired outcome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Interpersonal skills

A

involve caring relationships

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ethical/legal skills

A

enable nurses to conduct themselves morally and professionally.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nurse practice acts

A

regulate the practice of nursing, including education and licensure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nursing process

A

a guideline for nursing practice, enabling nurses to implement their roles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ANA standards of nursing practice

A

allow nurses to carry out professional roles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The National League of Nursing

A

fosters the development and improvement of nursing services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Health

A

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Illness

A

the unique response of a person to a disease; an abnormal process involving changed level of functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Wellness

A

an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle promoting good physical, mental, and emotional health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Acute illness

A
  • Generally has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
  • Examples: appendicitis, pneumonia, diarrhea, common cold
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chronic Illness

A
  • A broad term that encompasses many different physical and mental alterations in health
  • Usually has a slow onset and may have periods of remission and exacerbation
  • Examples: diabetes mellitus, lung disease, arthritis, lupus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Stages of Illness Behavior

A

Stage 1: Experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: Assuming the sick role
Stage 3: Assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: Achieving recovery and rehabilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Physical dimension

A

genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race, and gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Emotional dimension

A

how the mind affects body function and responds to body conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Intellectual dimension

A

cognitive abilities, educational background, and past experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Environmental dimension

A

housing; sanitation; climate; pollution of air, food, and water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Sociocultural dimension

A

economic level, lifestyle, family, and culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Spiritual dimension
spiritual beliefs and values
26
Primary Health Promotion
- directed toward promoting health and preventing the development of disease processes or injury. - Examples are immunization clinics, family planning services, poison-control information, and accident-prevention education
27
Secondary Health Promotion
- focus on screening for early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of any found - Examples are assessing children for normal growth and development and encouraging regular medical, dental, and vision examinations.
28
Tertiary
begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated, with the goal of reducing disability and helping rehabilitate patients to a maximum level of functioning
29
The health–illness continuum
measures a person’s level of health on a graduated scale.
30
The agent–host–environment model
refers to the interaction of the agent, host, and environment creating risk factors that must be examined.
31
The health promotion model
illustrates how people react to their environment as they pursue health
32
The health belief model
is concerned with what people believe to be true about their health.
33
self-actualization needs
nurses provide a sense of direction and hope, and maximize patient potential
34
Self-esteem needs
are met by respecting patient values and beliefs and setting attainable goals for them
35
Love and belonging needs
are met by including family and friends and establishing caring relationships with patients
36
Safety and security needs
are met by encouraging spiritual practices and independent decision making.
37
Physiologic needs
are needs that must be met to maintain life.
38
Incubation period
organisms growing and multiplying
39
Prodromal stage
person is most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease
40
Full stage of illness
presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease
41
Convalescent period
recovery from the infection
42
Cardinal Signs of Acute Infection
``` Redness Heat Swelling Pain Loss of function ```
43
Transient Bacterial Flora
attached loosely on skin, removed with relative ease
44
Resident Bacterial Flora
found in creases in skin, requires friction with brush to remove
45
Choosing
Choosing freely from alternatives after careful consideration of the consequences of each alternative
46
Prizing (treasuring)
Involves pride, happiness, and public affirmation
47
Acting
Combining choice into one’s behavior with consistency and regularity on the value
48
Altruisms
concern for welfare and well-being of others
49
Autonomy
right to self-determination
50
Human dignity
respect for inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations`
51
Integrity
acting according to code of ethics and standards of practice
52
Social justice
upholding moral, legal, and humanistic rights
53
Bioethics
Encompasses a number of fields of “life sciences”
54
Nursing ethics
Formal study of ethical issues that arise in the practice of nursing
55
Feminist ethics
Critiques existing patterns of oppression and domination in society especially affecting women and the poor
56
Utilitarian
The rightness or wrongness of an action depends on the consequences of the action.
57
Deontologic
An action is right or wrong independent of its consequences
58
Ethical Conduct
Practice based on professional standards of ethical conduct as well as professional values
59
Ethical dilemma
Two (or more) clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of action
60
Ethical distress
Occurs when the nurse knows the right thing to do but either personal or institutional factors make it difficult to follow the correct course of action
61
Paternalism
occurs when a nurse acts for a patient without consent to secure good or prevent harm
62
deception
occurs when a nurse deceives a person for a perceived benefit
63
Allocation of scarce nursing resources
and advocacy in market-driven environment involve patient harm due to inadequate staffing/finances.
64
Crime
wrong against a person or the person’s property as well as the public
65
Tort
a wrong committed by a person against another person or that person’s property; tried in civil court
66
Four Elements of Liability
Duty Breach of duty Causation Damages
67
Elements of Informed Consent
Disclosure Comprehension Competence Voluntariness
68
IOM’s Six Outcomes for a New Health System for the 21st Century
``` Safe Effective Efficient Patient-centered Timely Equitable ```
69
Science and informatics
real-time access to knowledge; digital capture of the care experience
70
Patient–clinician partnerships
engaged, empowered patients
71
Incentives
aligned for value; full transparency
72
Continuous learning culture
leadership-instilled culture of learning; supportive system competencies
73
Oral Temp
37.0°C, 98.6°F
74
Rectal Temp
37.5°C, 99.5°F
75
Axillary Temp
36.5°C, 97.7°F
76
Tympanic Temp
37.5ºC, 99.5°F
77
Forehead
34.4°C, 94.0°F
78
Radiation
is the diffusion or dissemination of heat by electromagnetic waves, such as occurs with an uncovered head
79
Convection
is the dissemination of heat by motion between areas of unequal density
80
Evaporation
is the conversion of a liquid to a vapor.
81
Conduction t
is the transfer of heat to another object during direct contact
82
Parasympathetic stimulation
decreases heart rate
83
Sympathetic stimulation
increases heart rate

Nursing Foundations Test 1 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions