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4th Semester: Clin Path > Test 1: Example Questions Deck 2 > Flashcards

Test 1: Example Questions Deck 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a red flag for agglutination on your CBC?

A

An MCV over 90

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2
Q

High bilirubin + high ALP (alk phos) =

A

Bile duct obstruction

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3
Q

Spherocytes are MOST indicative of IMHA, especially in a dog, but what do spherocytes indicate in a horse?

What other reasons could cause spherocytosis?

A

Horse: Clostridial infections

Rattle snake envenomation

Zinc toxicosis

Incompatible blood transfusions

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4
Q

What is Band 3 and what happens if it is absent?

A
  • A protein that exchanges bicarb ion for chloride ion*
  • in RBCs, important for maintaining cell shape*

If absent= Spherocytosis and Hemolytic anemia

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5
Q

What are the two erythrocyte parasites that cause

intravascular hemolysis?

A
  • Babesia*
  • Thieleria*
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6
Q

What is a common serious cause of

severe anemia in cats

especially if predisposed via immunosuppression

or splenectomy

A

Mycoplasma haemofelis

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7
Q

What is a cause of severe anemia in piglets

and is associated with poor weight gain in

adult pigs?

A

Mycoplasma Haemosuis

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8
Q

What is a very common tick borne rickettsial infection

of ruminants found worldwide that can cause

fatal hemolytic anemia, especially in old animals

A

Anaplasmosis

immune-mediated destruction of RBCs

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9
Q

This hemoprotozoan parasite is important in

US dogs east of the Mississippi

and can cause severe disease and hemolytic anemia.

Dogs that survive are chronic carriers.

A

Babesia gibsoni

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10
Q

This protozoan parasite of cats has an RBC phase

as a piroplasm, and a tissue phase as schizonts inside

macrophages. It is tickborne and

almost always fatal

A

Cytauxzoonosis

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11
Q

What species is MOST susceptible to Heinz bodies?

A

CATS

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of

blood destruction in a dog?

A

IMHA

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13
Q

90% of dogs with IMHA also have

________ leukograms

A

inflammatory

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14
Q

What is Evan’s Syndrome?

A

Immune-mediated thrombocytopenia

+

IMHA

IMTP + IMHA = Evan’s

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15
Q

What is the hallmark of iron-deficiency anemia?

A

Low MCV

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16
Q

Immature neutrophils are indicative of

A

INFLAMMATION

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17
Q

What is the most common kind

of non-regenerative anemia seen

in domestic animals?

A

Anemia of Inflammatory Disease

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18
Q

What cells are made in the bone marrow?

A

RBCs

Neutrophils

Monocytes

Platelets

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19
Q

What can cause a generalized bone marrow

production problem?

(Decreased RBCs, Neutrophils, Monocytes, and Platelets)

A

Leukemia

or

Ehrlichia canis

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20
Q

What can cause an artificial increase in plasma

protein by refractometry?

A

Lipemia

Urea

Glucose

Cholesterol

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21
Q

________ platelets per oil immersion field is normal

A

6 - 10

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22
Q

What can cause an erroneously high MCHC

reading?

A

Hemolysis

Lipemia

Heinz bodies present

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23
Q

Reticulocytes are _______ when stained

with Wright’s stain

A

polychromatic

24
Q

50% of patients with iron-deficiency anemia

have an increase in ________ count

A

platelet

“thrombocytosis”

25
What is the most important shape change of RBCs in a dog?
Spherocytes IMHA indicative
26
Polychromasia (the blue coloration of young RBCs) is due to what 3 things?
Blood Loss Blood Destruction Recovering Bone Marrow
27
T/F: Echinocytes can be seen in non-specific diseases like Kidney disease
TRUE
28
What is the erythrocyte maturation sequence?
Rubriblast--Prorubricyte--Rubricyte--Metarubricyte
29
Acute anemia, like hit by car animal, will be very weak at a higher \_\_\_ than if chronic anemia
_PCV_
30
Splenomegaly Icterus Hemoglobinuria are all clinical signs associated with
Blood destruction
31
In adults, iron deficiency anemia is ALWAYS caused by \_\_\_\_\_\_
_chronic blood loss_
32
A cat with 0 reticulocytes but a MACROcytic anemia is most likely due to
FeLV!!!
33
What is a "Left Shift"?
INCREASED Bands
34
What are the most common causes of chronic blood loss (iron-def anemia) in an adult animal?
Loss via INTESTINE! GI Ulcer Bleeding GI tumor Blood-consuming parasites
35
Iron-deficiency anemia is usually regenerative unless concurrent with
AID- Anemia of Inflamm Dz
36
Microcytic anemia + low storage iron=
Iron-def anemia
37
Which dog breeds have smaller RBCs? | (Microcytosis)
Akita Chow Shiba Inu
38
What do you need to see for an Inflammatory Leukogram?
Increased BANDS Increased SEGS
39
What do you need to see for a Stress Leukogram?
DECREASED Lymphs
40
What is the most common cause of iron-deficiency anemia in an OLD CAT?
ADENOCARCINOMA | (bleeding GI tumor)
41
Which neoplasia is notorious for causing IMHA?
Lymphoma
42
The leukogram for IMHA is always \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
_inflammatory!!_
43
What is used to treat IMHA?
Glucocorticosteroids
44
What can cause an erroneously low platelet count or WBC count?
Tissue contamination or Traumatic phlebotomy
45
Which phase contains the most common source of error?
Pre-analytical phase
46
If JUST Band neutrophils are increased | (neutropenia of the others)
MORE SEVERE INFLAMM
47
If Bands \> Segs prognosis is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
_POOR_
48
What microorganisms can be found in the bone marrow?
* Histoplasma capsulatum* * Toxoplasma* * Leishmania* * Babesia*
49
1/3 of platelet mass is in the
SPLEEN
50
What is the lifespan of platelets and which species has a shorter platelet lifespan?
Usually 5 - 10 days but shorter in cats
51
How long does it take between Megakaryoblast--\>Megakaryocyte--\>Platelet release?
4 -5 days
52
Decreased platelets = _______ thrombopoietin
_INCREASED_
53
What does increased thrombopoietin do to megakaryocytes?
Inc. TPO= Increased #, size, and ploidy of megakaryocytes and Decreased maturation time of Mkaryocytes
54
Spontaneous hemorrhage seen when platelet levels get below
BELOW 20,000
55
A bleeding test can be prolonged for what two reasons?
Decreased platelet function or Decreased platelet numbers

4th Semester: Clin Path (5 decks)

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