Test 1 - Notes Flashcards
(161 cards)
1
Q
Rhipicephalus (B) Microplus
Common Name: # host tick? Transmits: Where found? Host?
A
Tropical Cattle Tick
- 1 host tick Transmits: - Babesia Bovis - Babesia Bigemina - Anaplasma Marginale
Location: Not in US
Host: mostly cattle
2
Q
Rhipicephalus Sanguineas
Common Name: # host tick? Transmits: Where found? Host?
A
CN: Brown Dog Tick - 3 host tick (all on dogs) transmits: Babesia Canis, Babesia Gibsoni, Ehrlichia Canis, Rhickettsia rhicketsii Found: all over US Host: Dogs
3
Q
Amblyomma Americanum
Common Name: # host tick? Host? Transmits: Where found?
A
Lone Star Tick - 3 host tick Host: small/large mammals Transmits: - Ehrlichia ewingii (dog/human erylichiosis) - Francisella Tularensis - Cytauxzoon felis - Possibly Borrelia burgdorfer
Location: SE US
4
Q
Amblyomma Maculatum
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Location: Transmits:
A
Gulf Coast Tick
- 3 host tick
- host: birds to lg mammals
- Location: gulf coast up to KS
- Transmits:
- hepatozoon americanum (dogs)
- maybe ehrlychia Ruminantium (heart water)
- causes Gotch Ear
5
Q
Amblyomma Cajennense
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Transmission: Location:
A
CN: Cayenne Tick 3 host tick Host: birds to lg mammals Trans: - maybe ehrylichia ruminantium location: S Texas to S America
6
Q
Amblyomma Variegatum
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Transmission: Location:
A
CN: Pretty Tick, tropical bont tick
3 host tick
Host: birds when small, cows when grown
Trans: - Ehrlichia ruminantium (heart water)
- Dermatophilus Congolensis
-
Location: not in US
7
Q
Dermacentor Variabilis
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Transmission: Location:
A
- American Dog Tick
- 3 host tick
- sm-lg mammals
- Transmits
- rickettsia rickettsii (most imp. for this)
- cytoxzoon felis - Widespread US
8
Q
Dermacentor Andersoni
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Transmission: Location:
A
CN: Rocky Mt. Wood Tick
- 3 host tick
Host: small - lg. mammals
Trans:
- rickettsia rickettsii (2nd most imp. vector)
- CO tick fever
- Anaplasma Marginale
Location: Rockies, Great Basin, Black Hills
9
Q
Dermacentor Albipictus
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Transmission: Location:
A
CN: Elk Tick, winter tick, horse tick
1 host tick
host: Deer, cattle, horses
Trans:
- Anaplasma Marginale
- Babesia Caballi
Location: US, etc.
10
Q
Dermacentor Occidentalis
Common Name: # host tick: Host: Transmission: Location:
A
CN: Pacific Coast Tick 3 host tick Host: horses, cattle Transmission: Anaplasma Marginale Location: California, Oregon
11
Q
Dermacentor (A) Nitens
Common Name: # host tick: Festoons, if so how many? Host: Transmission: Location:
A
CN: tropical horse tick
1 host tick
7 festoons
Host: horses
Trans: babesia Caballi (primary vector of)
Location: S texas, Southern FL and Americas
12
Q
Ixodes Scapularis
- Common Name:
- # host:
- Host:
- Transmission:
- Location:
A
CN: Deer Tick or blacklegged tick
- 3 host tick
- Host: broad
- Trans:
- Babesia microti (human babesiosis)
- Borrelia burgdorferi (lyme disease; human/dog)
- Anaplasma Phagocytophilum (human, dog, horse) - Location: Eastern N. America
13
Q
Haemaphysalis Leporispalustris
Common Name:
# host tick:
Host:
Transmits:
A
CN: Rabbit Tick
3 host tick
- adults on Rabbits and sometimes cats (Larva and nymph on small rodents/birds)
Trans: Francisella Tularensis, Rickettsia rickettsii (RMSF) in rabbits
14
Q
Argas Persicus
Common Name: Host: Transmits: Location: physical Char:
A
CN: Blue Bug/Fowl Tick
Host: Chicken/Poultry
Trans: Borrelia Anserina (avian spiral ketosis)
Location: Globally
Physical Char: lat. suture line, feed at night
15
Q
Ornithodoros
Common Name:
Distribution:
Host:
Transmits:
A
Tampan
Local: Global
Host: WHR (wide host range)
Trans: Borrelia Corriaceae
16
Q
Otobius Magnini
Common Name: parasitic stages: location on host appearance: Clinical Signs: Location:
A
Spinose ear tick
- L and N parasitic, adult not
- in ears
- Spiney
- CS:
- head shaking
- Head pressing - SW US
17
Q
Rhipicephalus (B) Annulatus
Common Name: # host tick? Transmits: Where found? Host?
A
Cattle Fever Tick
- 1 host tick Transmits: - Babesia Bovis - Babesia Bigemina - Anaplasma Marginale
Found: Not in US
Host: cattle
18
Q
what are the 2 body regions of mites?
antenna or no?
what are the components of mouth parts?
A
Gnathasome
Idiosoma
No antenna
Comp. of mouth:
- Palps
- Chelicera
- Hypostome
19
Q
Do mites have:
- anterior or posterior mouthparts
- scutum or not?
- base capitulum or not?
A
- anterior mouthparts
- no scutum
- no base capitulum
20
Q
General Lifecycle of a mite…..
A
- Egg
- Prelarva
- larva
- protonymph
- deutonymph
- tritonymph
- Adult
21
Q
mites fall into which classes of stigmata?
A
prostigmata
oribatida (hidden/cryptostigmata)
astigmata
mesostigmata
22
Q
mites w/mesostigmata
A
- Dermanyssus Gallinae
- Ornithonyssus Sylvarium
- O. Bursa
- O. Bacoti
- Pneumonyssoides Caninum (dog nasal mite)
- Ophionyssus Natricis (lizard/snake mouth rot)
- Raillietia Auris (cattle ear mite)
23
Q
Dermanyssus Gallinae
Common Name: Host: Size: where do they dwell and when? What do they cause? Life Length:
A
Common name: Red Chicken Mite
Host: birds, maybe mammals
Size: Large
Note: bld feeders, turn red after meal
Dwelling: feed at night, hide in nest during day
Cause: anemia, skin irritation, decreased production
Life Length: 10 days
24
Q
Ornithonyssus sylvarium
Common name: For diagnosis where is the mite found? Where eggs are laid? Length of lifecycle? Direct effects:
A
Common name: Northern fowl Mite Found: ON HOST Eggs: Laid near vent Lifecycle: 5-7 days Result: Lowered production, anemia, death
25
Ornithonyssus Bursa
Common Name:
Lifespan:
Where found? animal/enviro and where feeds
CN: tropical fowl mite
lifespan: 10 days off the host so look in enviro.
Found: vent, beak, eyes
Note: prefers warmer climates
26
Ornithonyssus Bacoti
Common name:
Feeds on:
Lifecyle:
Transmits:
```
CN: Tropical Rat Mite
Feeds on: man and rats
Lifecycle: 11-16 days
Transmits:
- Rickettsii Typhi (Murine Typhus)
- Rickettsii akari
- Coxiella Burnetti (Q fever)
- Borrelia Anserina (spiracetosis)
```
27
pneumonyssoides caninum
```
What species does it affect?
Is it highly specific or not?
Clinical Signs:
Where can you find them in the host?
how transmitted?
```
- Species: Nasal mite of dogs (highly specific to dogs)
- Clinical signs: asymptomatic but can have increased mucus, sneezing and head shaking
- Host: nose, but may infest trachea, lungs
- transmission: direct contact
28
Raillietia aurus
What is it? Mite, tick, lice, etc.
host:
Found where:
Common?
MITE
Found: young suckling calves
Found: deep in ear canal, feed on wax and sloughed epi. cells
Common? No, Rare
29
Ophionyssus Natricis
```
Host:
Where on host?
what do they cause on host?
what do they transmit?
where found?
```
Host: Bld sucking mite of lizards/snakes
Where: hides under scales, feed near eyes/mouth
cause: Anemia, Lethargy, Death
Transmit? Aeromonas Hydrophyla (mouth rot)
Found: in enviro
30
Family: Trombiculidae
```
Common name:
What phase/phases are parasitic?
# of legs of parasitic phase(s)?
Season(s) that they are prevalent:
Direct effect:
```
```
Common name: Chiggers
Parasitic phase: Larva
# of legs: 3 pr
Come out: Spring through late summer
Cause: localized dermatitis from salivary enzymes
```
31
Family: Demodicidae
```
appearance:
where do they live?
Are they usually found on animals?
Species Specific?
clinical signs:
```
cigar shaped mites with stubby legs
Live: in hair follicles and sebacious glands
- Usually found on animals (symbiont)
- YES, Species specific
- Clinical Signs: shouldn't be any unless there's other issues
32
3 types of Demodicosis
1. localized - small alopecic patches, non puritic to pur., usually on head, legs. Commonly resolved spontaneously at puberty
2. Generalized - serious condition, covers lg. area, usually secondary staph infection
3. pododemodicosis - chronic infection of feet
33
Family: Cheyletiellidae
```
Common Name:
Where found?
Feeds on:
size:
defining feature:
what location (physical) are they mostly found?
```
CN: Walking Dandruff
Found in hair, wool, etc. of mammal
Feeds on: Skin Debris
Size: large, shield shaped
Defining Feature: prominent incurved palpal claws
Location: found in pet stores and kennels
Note: can contaminate people but fairly species specific
34
List the Cheyletiella Species:
```
where do stages occur?
What do they feed on?
Who's susceptible?
Where eggs are laid?
Who can transmit to who?
```
- blackei (cats)
- Yasguri (dogs)
- Parasitivotax (rabbits)
```
all stages occur on host
feed on skin
young more susceptible
eggs adhere to host, can be knocked off by grooming
mom can give to babies
```
35
Cheyletiella Species lesions
how to diagnose C. species
- exfoliative: dandruff
- Crustose: may look like ringworm on trunk of body
- Look for eggs in feces
36
Astigmata suborder
```
Leg arrangement:
have Stigmata?
Have ventral plates?
Anything special about Tarsi?
Most notable species?
```
```
Leg arr: coxae 1/2 seperated from 3/4
no stigmata
no ventral plates
most have tarsi w/suckers
most notable: scabies
```
37
Sarcoptes Scabiei
Lifecycle spent where?
what diseases do they cause?
- Entire Lifecycle on host, burrows in skin
- will cross over to diff. hosts and irritate but only breed on adaptive host
- Sarcoptic Mange, Scabies
38
Sarcoptic mange
Caused by:
Clinical Signs:
Starts where on animal?
How Spread?
Caused by: Sarcoptes Scabiei
Clinical Signs: Sever burnin itch, thickening of skin, scabs due to self mutilation, alopecia,
starts on head, moves to body
Spread: direct contact
39
Sarcoptic Mange
reportable in what?
quarantine of what animal and who says?
Reportable in Cattle
| Swine quarantine regulations by state
40
Notoedres cati
- Causes what in what animals?
- Where does it begin and spread to?
- similar in appearance to Sarcoptes
- Notoedric mange in cats, rabbits and occas. dogs
- begins on head (usually ears), spreads over face and head (generalized in kittens)
- similar in appearance to Sarcoptes
41
Knemidocoptes Mutans
```
Common Name:
Host?
Where found on animal?
Clinical Signs:
Infestations lead to?
How to stop infestations?
```
Common Name - Scaly leg mite (turkeys/chickens)
Found: burrows in skin of feet and legs
CS: Causes deformity and crippling
Leads to: infestations may result in death
How to stop: segregate infested birds to stop infestation
42
Knemidocoptes Pilae
Host?
Where found on host?
What does it cause?
H: Budgerigars (bird)
Location: at base of beak, legs
Causes: scaly legs, malformed beak
43
Psoroptes Ovis
```
Common Name:
Host and is it here?
Feeds on?
Where are scabs formed?
Time of yr it's found?
```
- CN: Sheep Scab Mite
- Host: eradicated in Domestic US sheep, reportable in Cattle
- Feed on skin, lymph exudate from abrasions
- Scabs: scabs appear ventrally along dorsum, spread ventrally
- Mid Jan. - march (like long hair)
44
Psoroptes Cuniculi
Common Name:
Host:
Clinical signs:
CN: Ear Canker Mite
Host: Goats, horses, rabbits
CS: Crusty scabs in ear canal
45
Chorioptes Bovis
Common Name:
Host:
Feed on:
Clinical Signs:
CN: Foot Mange Mite "Greasy Heel"
Host: Ruminants, Horses
Feed on: skin, don't burrow
CS: scales form on feet and lower hind legs
46
Otodectes Cynotis
Common Name:
Host:
Feed on:
Clinical Signs:
CN: Ear Mites
Hosts: Cats, Dogs, other carnivores
Feed on: epidermal debris and lymph from abraded skin
CS: head shaking, scratching, ears may droop, brown discharge
47
Lynxacarus Radovskyi
common Name:
shape of body and what does it hang onto?
Where found on animal?
CS:
- CN: Cat Fur Mite
- Laterally compressed, grabs hair w/legs and palps
- Found on tail, perineal area
- CS: scruffy coat, pruritis, excessive grooming, hair balls in some cats
48
Important Mite Families' Characteristic Lesions:
- sarcoptidae:
- Psoroptidae:
- Cheyletiellidae:
- Trombiculidae:
- Demodicidae:
- Knemidocoptidae:
- Sarcoptidae: Deep burrowing in skin (alopecia, pruritis, thickening w/cracks)
- Psoroptidae: surface feeders (scabbing from abrasion, oozing, pruritis)
- Cheyletiellidae: Dry/Moist dermatitis w/scaling
- Trombiculidae: Small red lesions, pruritis
- Demodicidae: Alopecia, nodules, color changes
- Knemidocoptidae: can cause deformitis of chicken/turkey legs
49
Mites: Must Locate to diagnose:
How do you locate for DX:
- Demodex
- Sarcoptes
- Surface mites
- Superficial skin scrapings for surface mites
- Deep scraping and squeezing for Demodex (hair follicle)
- Scrape into dermis for Sarcoptes (Scabies mite)
- Sample diff. sites at edge or away from lesions
50
Generalized life cycle of a lice
Incomplete metamorphosis; Egg to nymph 1-3 to adult; 3 weeks to develop; Entire life cycle on host
51
Lice: Location of eggs
"nits" are glued to hair/feathers of host
52
How are lice transmitted between individuals
Direct contact and shared bedding
53
Characteristics of sucking lice
NOT ON BIRDS, Head is narrower than thorax which is fused, single claw on tarsi, eyes absent or reduced (prominent of human), all stages and sexes feed on blood
54
Characteristics of chewing lice
Found on birds (2 claws on tarsi) and mammals (1 claw on tarsi), head is wider than thorax, feeds on skin scales and dander
55
Chewing lice suborder Ischnocera charactersitics
Mouthparts close horizontally, thoracic segments fused, no palps, antennae 3-5 segments
56
Chewing lice suborder Amblycera charactersitics
Mouthparts close vertically, thorax divided between 1 and 2nd segments, have 4 segmented palps, antennae with 4-5 segments and folded under the head
57
Direct effects of lice
Tremendous irritation, pruritis, hair loss, death from anemia (sucking)
58
```
Trichodectes canis:
sucking or chewing,
common name,
location on host,
intermediate host of what
```
Chewing,
Dog biting louse,
Neck and tail,
Dipylidium caninum
59
Felicola subrostratus:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Host
Chewing,
Cat louse,
Usually sick or older cats
60
Genus Bovicola:
sucking or chewing,
Important direct effect
Chewing,
| Significant economic losses
61
Bovicola limbatus common name
Angora goat louse
62
Bovicola crassipes common name
Goat louse
63
Bovicola bovis common name
Cattle biting louse
64
Bovicola equi common name
Horse chewing louse
65
Bovicola ovis common name
Sheep chewing louse
66
Family Philopteridae characteristics
2 claws on tarsi and all are bird lice
67
Family Philopteridae species
Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, Chelopistes meleagridis
68
Goniocotes gallinae:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Location on host
Chewing,
Fluff louse,
Down feathers on chickens
69
Goniodes gigas:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Location on host
Chewing,
Large chicken louse,
Body and feathers of poultry
70
Chelopistes meleagridi:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Location
Chewing,
Large turkey louse,
Neck and breast feathers
71
```
Heterodoxus spiniger:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Host,
Geographic location,
Feeds on
```
Chewing,
Dog louse,
Dogs and coyotes in S US
Feeds on cell debries and blood
72
Menonpon gallinae:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Host
Chewing,
Shaft louse,
Chickens, ducks, pigeons
73
Menacanthus stramineus:
sucking or chewing,
Common name,
Host
Chewing,
Chicken body louse,
Chickens, turkey, peafowl, pheasant
74
```
Haematopinus asini:
sucking or chewing;
Location on host;
Common name;
Clinical signs
```
Sucking,
Head, neck, back, inner thighs;
Horse sucking louse;
Unthriftiness, rough hair coat, irritation
75
```
Haematopinus suis:
Sucking or chewing;
Common name;
Clinical signs;
Indirect effect;
```
Sucking;
Hog louse;
Skin damage, hair loss;
Vectors Mycoplasma haemosuis
76
Haematopinus eurysternus:
Sucking or chewing;
Common name
Sucking;
| Short-nosed cattle louse
77
Haematopinus quadripertusus:
Sucking or chewing;
Common name;
Location on host
Sucking;
Cattle tail louse;
Tail switch and eye lashes
78
```
Linognathus vituli:
Sucking or chewing;
Common name;
Location on host;
Direct effects
```
Sucking;
Long-nosed cattle louse;
Main body;
Stress, decreased production, down grading of hide
79
Linognathus setosus:
Hosts;
Direct effect
Dogs and foxes;
| Severe anemia
80
Solenoptes capillatus:
Common name;
Host;
Location on host
Little blue louse;
Cattle;
Face and body
81
Solenoptes capillatus: Host; Location on host
Cattle; face and body
82
Polyplax spinulosa: Host
Lice of Rat
83
Polyplax serrata: Host
Lice of Mice
84
Pedicinus spp.: Host
Lice of Primates
85
Human lice (and their common names) that can be found on pets
Pediculus humanus (body louse), P. humanus capitis (head louse), Pthirus pubis (crab louse)
86
Purpose of human lice on pets
None, they are incidental findings and can not propagate off of a human
87
Fleas general life cycle
Eggs to larvae to pupa to pre-emergent adult to adult; complete metamorphosis; 35 days
88
Are fleas host specific
No, do show host preference
89
Direct effects of fleas
Inflammation, pruritus, anemia, cutaneous hypersensitivity
90
Characteristics of fleas
Aptera (no wings), Mouthparts are piercing and sucking, Laterally flattened body, Hindlegs built for jumping
91
Flies:
What order are they in?
how many sets of wings do they have?
What kind of metamorph do they go through?
Order: Diptera
- 2 sets but 1 set is really small (balance)
- Holometabolis (complete metamorphosis)
92
Flies: order Diptera
What kind of mouthparts do they have?
Piercing/sucking
| sponging
93
Order Diptera
Methods for piercing/sucking mouth parts
Flies
- Telmophagy: cut in skin, suck from pool of bld
- solenphagy: taps into bld vessel
94
Mosquitos
What Order and Family?
General Lifecycle:
Order: Diptera
Family: Culicidae
Lifecycle: immature stages (larva: "wrigglers", pupa "tumblers") are aquatic, require surface area to breath (no gills), feed on microorganisms, approx. 10 days from egg to adult
95
Mosquitos
list the type of breeders (local of eggs laid)
Permanent water breeders: lay eggs on standing water, eggs susceptible to desiccation
Temporary (stagnant) water Breeders: lay eggs on things susc. to flooding, eggs resist desiccation
96
Mosquito egg features by species
Anopheles
Aedes
Culex
Mansonia
Anopheles: laid singly on water (air filled, floats)
Aedes: laid singly on substrates likely to flood
Culex: laid upright, glued together in rafts
Mansonia: egg raft glued to underside of vegetation
97
All mosquito larva come to the surface to breath EXCEPT?
| How do these ssp breath?
- Mansonia
- Coquillettidia
Siphon aquatic plants
Note: Anophelenes are the most surface breathers as spiracles line end of body, not just tail area
98
Mosquito Pupa
Do they need food?
Where are they mostly found? Except for which species?
No, just Oxygen
| - Mostly found at water surface, Other than Mansonia and Coquillittidia
99
What are the 3 mosquitos with the most world wide impact?
- Anopheles Gambiae (feed w/butt up)
- Ades Aegypti (feed w/butt down)
- Culex Quinquefasciatus (feed butt down w/tail)
100
Aedes Mosquito
Where lays eggs?
Eggs desiccate easily or not?
- Just above water lines anticipating flooding or on ground in flood areas
- eggs resistant to desiccation
101
Aedes Mosquito
Diseases transmitted:
- Adese Aegypti: Yellow Fever
- A. Albopictus, A. Aegypti: Dengue Fever, EEE, WEE, VEE, Dirofilaria Immitis (heart worm), Avian plasmodium ssp. (protozoan)
102
Mosquito: Anopheles
Where does it lay its eggs and how many at a time?
Eggs susc. to desicc or not?
Dz agents transmitted:
lays how many eggs at a time and in it's whole lifecycle
- lays eggs singly in still water
- Eggs susceptible to desiccation
- Dz: Malaria, Dirofilaria Immitis, VEE, maybe WEE
- 150/300 eggs at a time, 3 times during lifecycle
103
Culex Mosquito
Where eggs laid?
Single or multiple eggs laid?
Transmits:
Eggs: tolerates contaminated water (latrines, sewage, etc.)
Eggs laid in rafts
Avian Plasmodium, Heartworm (dirofilaria Immitis), EEE, WEE and PRIMARY VECTOR OF WEST NILE
104
Order: Diptera, Family: Simuliidae
```
Includes:
Physical attributes:
Day or night biters?
alone or in groups?
where do they breed?
Most important Genus?
```
- Include: Black Flies, Buffalo Gnats
- PA: Piercing mouthparts, hump-like appearance
- appears in enormous swarms, day biters
- Breed in Running Water
- Genus: Simulium
105
Simulium Flies
Cause what in animals?
Male and Female feed on Bld?
Transmission:
- swarms associated with loss of prod/death due to suffocation
- ONLY FEMALES feed on bld (poultry, cattle, horses)
- Leucocytozoon in birds, Onchocerca Volvulus in humans (river blindness)
106
Biting Midges
```
What family?
Known for what?
breeding habitat:
Males and Females feed on bld?
most imp. SSP?
```
- Family: Ceratopogonidae
- Known for painful bite
- BH: aquatic w/vegetation
- Females only feed on bld
- SSP: Cullicoides
107
Cullicoides
What are they?
Transmit:
- Biting Midges
- Transmit:
- Onchocerca
- Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon (birds), Chandlerella Quiscali
- VEE (Horses)
- Blue Tongue Virus (ruminants)
108
Sandflies
Family:
Breeding Enviro:
Males and Females Feed on bld?
Family: Psychodidae
BE: moist areas, NOT aquatic
Only Female Feeds on bld
109
Sandflies:
2 Important Genera
Transmission
Genera:
- Lutzomyia (New World)
- Plebotomus (Old World)
Transmission:
- Leishmania (humans, dogs, cats)
- Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (Cattle, horses, pigs)
110
Flies
Order:
Family: Muscidae - Common Name
Where do you normally find them?
Timeframe from egg to adult?
Order: Diptera
CN: House fly, Horn fly, Face fly, Stable fly
Found: near moist areas of animal deposits
Timeframe: 2-3 weeks
111
Musca Domestica
Common Name:
Mouthparts?
What do they feed on?
Where do they breed?
CN: House Fly
MP: Sponging
Feed on nasal/eye secretions and wounds
Breed in manure
112
House Flies
Genus, Species:
Mechanically transmit:
Biologically Transmit:
GS: Musca Domestica
MT: Enterobacteriae, Moraxella Bovis, Entamoeba Hystolytica, Taenia (tapeworm eggs)
BT: Draschia & Habronema (stomach worms in horses), Choanotaenia (chicken tapeworm)
113
Stomoxys Calcitrans
```
Common name:
Distribution:
Where do they breed:
Male and Female bld feeders?
Type of Mouthparts:
```
- CN: Stable Fly, Dog Fly, Biting house fly
- Worldwide distribution
- breed in horse manure, compost bins
- BOTH male/female feed on bld
- Piercing/sucking MP's
114
Stomoxys Calcitrans
Preferred Host, what's alternative?
Bite at night?
Similar to what other fly? How different?
Transmits:
- PH = animals, will bite ppl if not readily avail.
- only bite during the day
- Similar to Musca Domestica, Diff. as proboscis is pointed
- Transmits:
- mechanical: Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA), Anaplasma Marginale
- Biological: same as house fly
115
Pasture or range Flies in the family:
Tabanidae
Tabanus (Horse Flies)
Chrysops (Deer Flies)
Haematopa (uncommon in N. America)
116
Pasture or range Flies in the family Muscidae:
- Haemotobia Irritans (horn fly)
| - Musca Autumnalis (Face Fly)
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Pasture or Range flies in family: Hippoboscidae
- Melophagus Ovinus (Sheep Ked)
| - Lipoptena Cervi (Deer Ked)
118
Family: Tabanidae
2 imp. subfamilies
- Tabaninae (larger)
- spp: Tabanus (horse fly globally distributed
- spp: Haematopota (uncommon in N. Amer)
- Chrysopinae (smaller)
- spp: Chrysops (deer flies, Mango fly)
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Tabanus and Chrysops spp
- male and female feed?
- day/night feeders and on what?
- When (time of yr.) are each active?
- anything special they secrete?
- adult females w/PAINFUL bites
- day feeders on cattle/horses
- crysops active in spring, tabanus active in early summer/fall
- have high concentrations of anticoagulants
120
Tabanus and Chrysops spp
Transmission:
Mechanical: Anthrax, Tularemia, Anaplasmosis, EIA, Bovine Lymphoma
Biological: Trypanosoma Theileri (cattle), Elaeophora Schneideri (Deer, elk, sheep), Hog Cholera Virus, Vesicular Stomatitis
121
Best way to control flies?
Fly traps
122
Haematobia Irritans
```
Common name:
Mouthparts?
male/female bld feeders?
where normally found?
Where do they breed?
```
- CN: Horn Fly
- Piercing sucking
- Male AND female
- only leave host to lay eggs (range cattle, not feedlot cattle)
- MUST breed in fresh cow manure
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Haematobia Irritans
how to distinguish from stable flies
Transmits:
How to treat for these flies?
Distinguish by Palp length:
- stable flies (Stomoxys Calcitrans): palp length shorter than proboscis
- Horn Flies (Haematobia Irritans): Palp Length same as proboscis
- Trans:
- mechanical: Stephanofilaria Stilesi (causes ventral dermatitis in cattle), Staph. aureus (mastitis)
- biologically: stephanofilaria sp (cattle)
Treat: ear tags, oral, spray ons
124
Musca Autumnalis
```
family:
Common name:
look like what other fly?
male and female feeders?
Where do they breed?
Where do they spend most of time?
```
- Muscidae
- CN: Face Fly
- indist. from house flies
- both sexes feed on secretions from mouth, eyes
- breed in fresh manure
- most of time spent off host
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Musca Autumnalis
Transmission
Where found?
How to control?
- Trans:
Mechanical:Moraxella Bovis (bovine infectious keratoconjunctivitis - pink eye)
Biological: Thelazia
- Not found in TX (not gulf coast states)
- Control: Hard to, shelter animals during heavy activity
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Family: Hipoboscidae (fly)
Common Name:
Description:
Mouthparts:
Life spent where?
CN: Keds
Description: dorsally flattened, wingless, reddish/brown
piercing/sucking mouthparts
Life: spent on host
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Melophagus Ovinus
```
Common Name:
geographic Distribution:
Stages spend life where?
Male/Female bld feeders?
Species specific?
How transmitted?
Transmits what?
When to control:
```
```
CN: Sheep Ked
Worldwide
all stage on host
Both sexes feed on bld
Species specific but may be found on goats/humans
Transmitted by Direct Contact,
causes anemia, wool issues, etc.
Bacterial vector for: Trypanosoma melophagium
When to control: ***Sheering time ***
```
128
Lipoptena Cervi
```
Common Name
what species affected?
similar in appearance to what?
winged and details?
Transmit?
```
- CN: Deer Ked
- Deer affected, esp. white tail
- similar in appearance to M. ovinus
- newly emerged adults are winged
- fly to find host, shed wings 48 hrs. after on host
- don't cause dz, may cause anemia in high numbers
129
Which stage(s) of lice are parasitic
Adult only
130
How to diagnose a flea infestation
Observe adult fleas on the tail, head, and/or inguinal area. Observe "flea dirt" reddish black feces.
131
Flea genera in the family Pulicidae
Ctenocephalides, Pulex, Xenopsylla, Echidnophaga
132
Flea genera in the family Ceratophyllidae
Nosopsyllus, Leptosylla, Cediopsylla, Orchopeas, Oropsylla
133
Ctenocephalides felis: Common name; Geological Location; Length of lifecycle; Direct effect; Indirect effect
Cat flea; Found worldwide; 35 day lifecycle; Exsanguination of lambs, sheep, goats, calves, and puppies; Dipylidium caninum (ingestion of flea), Acanthocheilonema reconditum (flea feeding), Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever), possibly Mycoplasma haemofelis and haemominutum (FIA)
134
Ctenocephalides canis
Rare to find
135
Pulex spp.: Common name; Geographic location (irritans and simulans); Host; Indirect effect
Human flea; Pulex irritans is found in cosmopolitans, Pulex simulans is found in Hawaii, S and central US; Humans, dogs, cats, swine, and wildlife; Rickettsia typhi, Yersinia pestis
136
Xenopsylla cheopis: Common name; Primary host; Length of lifecycle; Indirect effects
Oriental rat flea; Black rat (rattus rattus) only search out other host if all rats in the nest die; 4-8 weeks; Intermediate host for Hymenolepis diminuta and Hymenolepis nana(tapeworms), Vectors Yersinia pestis and Rickettsia typhi
137
Echidnophaga gallinacea: Common name; Host and location on host; Length of lifecycle; Indirect effects; Direct effects
Sticktight flea; Domestic poultry on the head; 4-8 weeks; Possibly transmitt Yersinia pestis and Reckettsia typhi; exanguination of young chicks
138
Rodent fleas that are a concern with Yersinia pestis (and their common names)
Nosopsyllus fasciatua (Northern rat flea), Leptosyllus segnis (Mouse flea), Cediopsylla simplex (Rabbit flea), Orchopeas howardii (Squirrel flea), Oropsylla montana (Ground squirrel flea)
139
The condition where animals become hypersensitive to flea saliva
Flea Allergy Dermatitis
140
Flea Allergy Dermatitis treatment
Flea control that does not require the flea to feed on the animal
141
Tunga penetrans: Common name; Direct effect
Chigoe; Female burrows into skin usually between toes or under nails, oviposits, then dies causing and intense inflammatory response
142
What subgroup of true bugs do not have 2 wings
Bed bugs
143
Subfamily Triatominae feeding habits
All stages feed exclusively on vertebrate blood at night
144
Triatoma: Geographical location; Location in environment; Lifecycle; Indirect effects
US, S and central America; Cracks in house and woodpiles; Incomplete metamorphosis, 5 nymphal stages and adult, 5-12 months to become an adult, nymphs can survive for months without feeding; Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease)
145
Why is Chagas disease not prevelant problem in the US?
Good housing
146
How is Trypanosoma cruzi transmitted to humans and to dogs
Humans: Defication into an open wound or mucous membrane; Dog: Ingestion of Triatoma
147
Kissing bugs of medical importance and which transmitt the Trypanosoma cruzi
Rhodnius prolixus, Triatoma infestans, Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma dimidiata, Tratoma pallidipennis, Triatoma protracta (the only one that doesn't transmit Trypanosoma cruzi)
148
Myiasis definition
Infestation of host tissue by fly larvae (dermal or internal)
149
3 types of myiasis and their differences
Obligatory- needs a live host; Facultative- live or dead host; Accidental (pseudomyiasis)- ingestion of eggs or fly larvae
150
3 types of myiasis causing flies
Primary- initiates myiasis; Secondary- infests after primary begins; Tertiary- infests after both primary and secondary and shortly before death of the host
151
Cochlyomyia hominivorax: Common name; Geographical location
New world primary screwworm; Not in US and parts of Mexico
152
Chrysomia bezziana: Common name
Old world primary screwworm
153
Hypoderam bovis: Common name; Geographical location; location of myiasis
Northern cattle grub or Ox warble; Not in TX; Spinal canal epidural fat
154
Hypoderam lineatum: Common name; Geographical location; Type of myiasis; Clinical sign
Common cattle grub of Heel fly; Texas; Obligate internal myiasis in connective tissue of esophagus; "Gadding" behavior
155
Oestrus ovis: Common name; type of myiasis; Host; Site of larva; Direct effects
Sheep Nose Bot; Obligate internal myiasis; Sheep, goats, rarely humans; Nostrils; Extreme annoyance and possibly death if CNS
156
Family Gastorophilidae: Common name;
Type of myiasis; Important species;
Characteristics of adult; direct effect
Horse bot flies; Obligate internal myiasis; Gasterophilus intestinalis (Common bot), G. nasalis (chin or throat bot), G. haemorrhoidalis(nose bot); Adults- non functional mouth parts, large, bee like; Gadding behavior
157
Family Sarcophagidae: Common name, 3 species, type of myiasis; Characteristics of adult; Host
Flesh flies; Wohlfahrtia magnifica, W. Opaca, W. vigil; Obligate dermal myiasis; Resembles large house flies with sponging mouthparts; Young puppies and small children
158
Cuterebra spp.: Common names; Type of myiasis, Characteristic of adults; Location of egg deposits
Rabbit or Rodent bot; Obligate dermal myiasis; Adult is non feeding and bee like; Deposited near trail or burrow
159
Producers of facultative myiasis; Treatment and control methods
Calliphora, Lucilia, Phormia, Phanenicia, Cochliomyia macellaria (secondary screwworm causing fly strike); Sanitation, removale of hair from areas of feces or urine, local treatment
160
Mites w/prostigmata
- Demodex
- Trombiculidae
- Cheyletiella
161
Mites w/Astigmata
- Sarcoptes Scabiei
- Notoedres
- Knemidocoptes
- Psoroptes
- chorioptes bovis
- otodectes cynotis
- lynxacarus radovskyi
