TEST 1 Practice Questions

Question 1

All cells develop from one fertilized egg called the _________.

Answer 1

Zygote

Question 2

The term ________ is used to describe the early stages of growth, from conception to the eighth week of pregnancy.

Answer 2

Embryo

Question 3

__________ the tendency of a living organism to keep the internal environment similar despite any changes in the conditions around it.

Answer 3

Homeostasis

Question 4

The ___________ system is the system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones.

Answer 4

Endocrine

Question 5

__________substances released from endocrine glands into the bloodstream where they travel to target tissue and generate a response.

Answer 5

Hormone

Question 6

Your daily biological cycles are called __________rhythms.

Answer 6

Circadian

Question 7

__________ provides a covering for most of the external surfaces of the body.

Answer 7

Epithelium

Question 8

___ - is a prefix meaning above or over.

Answer 8

Epi

Question 9

The term ___________ denotes “without blood vessels”.

Answer 9

Avascular

Question 10

Nerve cells are called ___________.

Answer 10

Neuron(s)

Question 11

Connective tissue has a relatively large amount of non-living intercellular substances called _______.

Answer 11

Matrix

Question 12

The ___________is also called the collar bone.

Answer 12

Clavicle

Question 13

The 5 digits contain bones called _______.

Answer 13

Phalanges

Question 14

The bones of the wrist are called _____ bones.

Answer 14

Carpals

Question 15

The___________ are the bones of the palm.

Answer 15

Metacarpals

Question 16

The tunnel of Guyon allows passage of the ___ nerve.

Answer 16

Ulnar

Question 17

A(n) ___________ connects bone to bone.

Answer 17

Ligament

Question 18

A(n)___________is a set of signs and symptoms that appear together and characterize a disease or medical condition.

Answer 18

Syndrome

Question 19

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a medical condition due to compression of the _________nerve as it travels through the wrist.

Answer 19

Median

Question 20

Numbness and tingling is referred to as _____________.

Answer 20

Paresthesia

Question 21

When a part of the body diminishes due to lack of use the process is called ________.

Answer 21

Atrophy

Question 22

You have 7 __________ (neck) vertebrae.

Answer 22

Cervical

Question 23

C1 is also called the _____

Answer 23

Atlas

Question 24

There are 12 ________ vertebrae.

Answer 24

Thoracic

Question 25

There are 5 ______vertebrae.

Answer 25

Lumbar

Question 26

The _______is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spinal column, where it is inserted like a wedge between the two hip bones.

Answer 26

Sacrum

Question 27

A(n) ______ a bone forming cell.

Answer 27

OsteoBlast

Question 28

A (n)_________is any cell that ingests foreign particles, bacteria, or cell debris.

Answer 28

Phagocyte

Question 29

A(n) ________remodels bones.

Answer 29

OsteoClast

Question 30

A joint is also known as an _______________.

Answer 30

Articulation

Question 31

_______ fluid is a viscous fluid that lubricates the articular surfaces of a joint.

Answer 31

Synovial

Question 32

The suffix -____ means inflammation.

Answer 32

-itis

Question 33

__________ is a disorder in which the bones become increasingly porous, brittle, and subject to fracture.

Answer 33

Osteoporosis

Question 34

______________ is an excessive outward curvature of the spine.

Answer 34

Kyphosis

Question 35

In the progression of rheumatoid arthritis, an abnormal tissue called ________ forms and erodes articular cartilage. This results in the fusion of the bone ends.

Answer 35

Pannus

Question 36

_____ junctions are a specialized intercellular connection which allow various molecules, ions, and electrical impulses to directly pass between cells.

Answer 36

Gap

Question 37

Chaotic contractions across the heart are referred to as _______.

Answer 37

fibrillation

Question 38

Hollow organs of the body except the heart are called __________.

Answer 38

viscera

Question 39

__________ is a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves food to different processing stations in the digestive tract.

Answer 39

peristalsis

Question 40

A ________ fibre is a non-living product of a cell that is a key part of connective tissue matrix.

Answer 40

collagen

Question 41

A(n) _______is connective tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Answer 41

tendon

Question 42

A(n)__________is a connective tissue that connects bone to bone.

Answer 42

ligament

Question 43

A(n) _______is an injury to a ligament that involves a stretching or a tearing of this tissue.

Answer 43

sprain

Question 44

A(n) ______is an injury to either a muscle or a tendon.

Answer 44

strain

Question 45

__________ is the degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging.

Answer 45

sarcopenia

Question 46

The suffix -_______means pain

Answer 46

-algia

Question 47

__________ is a term denoting the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.

Answer 47

neuroplasticity

Question 48

________ are also called nerve cells.

Answer 48

neurons

Question 49

A(n)__________ is an extension of the neuron that carries signals away from its cell body.

Answer 49

axon

Question 50

A(n) _________ is an extension of the neuron that carries signals towards its cell body.

Answer 50

dendrite

Question 51

A bundle of axons in the PNS is called a(n) _________.

Answer 51

nerve

Question 52

_________ is a white, fatty material that insulates axons.

Answer 52

myelin

Question 53

The __________is the site of communication between two neurons.

Answer 53

synapse

Question 54

A(n) __________is the “messenger” molecule that moves from one neuron to the next.

Answer 54

neurotransmitter

Question 55

The __________ lobe is where conscious movement of skeletal muscles takes place.

Answer 55

frontal

Question 56

The __________ lobe is where touch analysis takes place.

Answer 56

parietal

Question 57

The ___________ lobe is where auditory (hearing) analysis takes place.

Answer 57

temporal

Question 58

The _________lobe is where visual analysis takes place.

Answer 58

occipital

Question 59

Impaired cerebral blood supply often leads to brain damage and is called a(n) _______.

Answer 59

stroke

Question 60

The __________are the connective tissue coverings of the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 60

meninges

Question 61

The __________ nerves are 12 pairs of nerves that connect to the brain.

Answer 61

cranial

Question 62

A(n)________nerve carries signals, to and from the CNS.

Answer 62

mixed

Question 63

The ___________ nervous system division controls skeletal muscles.

Answer 63

somatic

Question 64

The ___________nervous system division controls the heart, smooth muscles, and glands.

Answer 64

autonomic

Question 65

The __________ nervous system controls digestion.

Answer 65

Enteric