Test 1 review sheet Flashcards
(27 cards)
Describe the embryonic origin of connective tissue and give an example
Formed by mesenchymal cells
Ex: bone, cartilage and tendons
Describe the embryonic origin of epithelial tissue and give an example
Formed in the ectoderm
Ex: skin
describe the embryonic origin of muscle tissue and give an example
formed by stem cells
Ex: muscle
describe the embryonic origin of nervous tissue and give an example
Formed in the ectoderm, which follows signals from the mesoderm
Ex: nerves
Describe the structural and functions of connective tissue
Function: supports, protects and gives structure to organs and tissues.
Structure: Fibers - elastic, reticular and collagen
Ground substance- contain cell proteins and fluid
describe the structural and functions of epithelial tissue
structural: formed from tightly fitted continuous layer of cells
Function: protect, secretion and absorption
describe the structural and functions of muscle tissue
Function: contract in order ti produce movement of the body parts
Structure: bundled together and surrounded by tough connective tissue
describe the structural and functions of nervous tissue
Function: coordinating and controlling body activities, create awareness of environment
Structure: neurons and glial cells. helps transmit nerve impulses and provides nutrients to neurons
what are glial cells
non-neuronal located within the central nervous system and provides physical and metabolic support to neurons
List the characteristics of life
cellular organization, reproduce, growth and development, energy, homeostasis and response to the environment
what is homeostasis and give an example
Homeostasis is when your body try’s to regulate and maintain its norm.
Ex: when you body starts to over heat you will sweat. this is your body trying to cool itself down
Describe basal cell carcinoma
Least malignant and most common, slowly invades the dermis and hypodermis and can be cured by surgery
describe squamous cell carcinoma
Second most common, involves keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
usually a scaly reddened papule on scalp, ears, lower lip and hands
if found soon can be treated by radiation or removed surgically
describe melanoma
Cancer of melanocytes; is most dangerous type because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy
Key to survival is early detection: ABCD rule
A: asymmetry; the two sides of the pigmented area do not match
B: border irregularity; exhibits indentations
C: color; contains several colors (black, brown, tan, sometimes red or blue)
D: diameter; larger than 6 mm (size of pencil eraser)
describe the functions of the eccrine gland
Sweat glands, abundant on palms, soles of feet and forehead
regulated by sympathetic nervous system
99% water salts and vitamin c and metabolic waste
Temperature control
describe the functions of the apocrine gland
Secrete viscous milky or yellowish sweat that contains fatty substances and proteins
secrete cerumen (earwax)
Mammary glands: secrete milk
list the layer of integument in order
(superficial to deep)
Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucideum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosom
Stratum basale
describe the function of the stratum corneum
prevents unwanted materials from entering, and excessive loss of water from exiting the body
describe the function of the stratum lucideum
contains dead cells of keratinocytes, helps protect skin against damage
describe the functions of the stratum granulosum
help prevent fluid loss in the skin
describe the functions of the stratum spinosum
Help make the skin strong and flexible
Contains spiny protrusions that prevent your skin from tearing and blistering
describe the functions of the stratum basale
Attached to the basement membrane
Merkel cells are found here which help with sensory functions
New cells are created here
think skin has how many layer of integument
5
how many layers of integument does thin skin have
4, missing the stratum lucidum
