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VN 34 OB & Pedi > Test 12 > Flashcards

Test 12 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. What is secondary amenorrhea?
A

What is secondary Amenorrhea: is the absence of three menstrual cycles or 6 months in a woman who was previously menstruating.

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2
Q
  1. Amenorrhea Causes
A

 Tumor
 Genetic
 Physical or emotional stress

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3
Q
  1. Dysmenorrhea manifestations?
A

 Pain associated with menstruation.
 Cramping abdominal pain
 Leg pain and backache
Interventions: ibuprofen (blocks prostaglandins)

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4
Q
  1. Nephrotic syndrome manifestations and goals
A

 Edema both general/ periobotial and edema of the scrotum on the male is characteristic.
 Respiratory problems
 Anorexia, irritability, and loss of appetite develop which leads to malnourishment.
 The goal for the child nephrotic syndrome is relieving edema, improving nutritional status, maintaining skin integrity, conserving energy, and preventing infection.

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5
Q
  1. Nephrotic syndrome nursing actions
A

 Monitor I & O, Measure abdominal girth and weights daily.
 No or low salt diet.
 Small snacks, appealing meals
 High protein

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6
Q
  1. Acute Glomerulonephritis causes
A

Reaction to a specific infection- most often group A strep (ear, throat)

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7
Q
  1. Acute Glomerulonephritis manifestations
A

 Appear 1 to 3 weeks after the onset of a streptococcal infection.
 Hematuria (which may be described as smoky or bloody)
 Periorbital edema may accompany or precede hematuria.
 Hypertension: priority!
 Headache

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8
Q
  1. Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis nursing actions
A

 Manage edema: daily weighs, accurate I & O and daily abdominal girth.
 Nutrition: low sodium, low to moderate protein
 Monitor V/S and implement seizure precautions in elevated BP.
 Susceptibility to infections: no play dates.
 Bed rest is not necessary, but most children will normally restrict activity due to malaise.

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9
Q
  1. Nephroblastoma nursing action
A

 Abdominal palpation should be avoided because cells may break loose and spread the tumor.
 Assess for hypertension and hematuria.

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10
Q
  1. Cryptorchidism treatment
A

 Treatment recommended if testes have not descended by age 1.
 Hormonal treatment with HCG
 Orchiopexy: surgical correction

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11
Q
  1. PMS manifestations
A

 Edema (resulting in weight gain)
 Headache
 Increasing anxiety and mild depression

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12
Q
  1. PMS client education
A

 Increase fluids.
 Decreased alcohol and caffeine
 Moderate exercise
 Sleep and relaxation

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13
Q
  1. UTI manifestation
A

 N/V and anorexia
 Chills and fever
 Nocturia, urinary frequency, urgency
 Suprapubic or lower back pain, dysuria, burning on urination.
 Hematuria
 Abnormal dipstick

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14
Q
  1. UTI client education
A

 Finish all medications.
 Administer antipyretics.
 Increase fluids.
 Change diapers frequently.
 Good handwashing

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15
Q
  1. Acute kidney injury causes
A

 Dehydrations
 Poisoning
 Nephrotoxicity
- (contrast)
 Obstruction

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16
Q
  1. Enuresis client education
A

 Limit fluid after dinner
 Provide positive reinforcements.
 Use the waking schedule treatment.

17
Q
  1. Cast applications complications and client education/nursing actions
A

Complications:
 Compartment syndrome

Nursing actions and Client education
 Elevated first 24-48 hours.
 Ice first 24 hours
 Monitor for infection (warm spots)
 Routine skin care
 Report severe pain
 Instruct no placement of foreign object: may use cool setting of hair dryer for itching.

18
Q
  1. DMD client education
A

 Gentle exercise daily
 Good diet to avoid obesity.
 Monitor cardiac and respiratory status as disease progresses.
 Heart muscle eventually is affected.
 Respiratory function is affected late in stage and common cause of death.

19
Q
  1. Ewing sarcoma manifestations and causes.
A

Causes:
 Malignant tumor in the bone marrow of the long bone

Manifestations:
 Sometimes pain after non-related injury brings attention to tumor, but pain might come and go.

20
Q
  1. Refresh kindergarten vaccines: 4-6 ages
A

 Varicella (live)
 Dtap
 Inactivated Polio
 MMR (live)

21
Q
  1. Osteosarcoma causes (Most Common)
A

 Malignant tumor in the long bones/past exposure of radiation a risk

22
Q
  1. Osteosarcoma manifestations and treatment
A

Manifestations:
 Sometimes pain after non-related injury brings attention to tumor.

Treatment
 To remove the bone or the limb where the tumor is found. Prosthetic care

23
Q
  1. Assessment of fractures: compartment syndrome early and late signs
A

 Compartment syndrome and other neurovascular compromise

 Early manifestations: Unrelenting pain unrelieved by analgesics

 Late Manifestations: 5 p’s of assessment
• Pain and point of tenderness.
• Pulse- distal to the fracture site
• Pallor
• Paresthesia- sensation distal to the fracture site
• Paralysis- movement distal to the fracture site

24
Q
  1. Various types of fractures manifestations
A

 Complete: fragments separated
 Incomplete: fragments partially joined

 Compound or open: fractured bone protrudes through the skin.
 Complicated: bone fragments have damaged other organs or tissues
 Comminuted: Small fragments of bone are broken from the fractured shaft and lie in surrounding tissue
 Greenstick: compressed side of bone bends, but tension side of bone breaks, causing incomplete fracture

25
Q
  1. Osteomyelitis manifestations and what is it?
A

An infection of the bone usually caused by staphylococcus aureus

 Pain
 Warmth and redness at the site
 Increased WBC and ESR

26
Q
  1. JIA manifestations and where is it most common?
A

Most common of the wrist, knees, and ankles, and polyarticular; involving five to more joints

Manifestations
 Stiffness
 Swelling
 Fever
 Anorexia and weight loss
 Loss of mobility in affected joints
 Rash
 Warm to touch, usually without erythema
 Growth retardation

27
Q
  1. JIA treatment
A

 Enteric-coated aspirin has long been the drug choice for JIA, but because of the concern of aspirin therapy and Reye syndrome.
 NSAIDs such as naproxen and ibuprofen are now being used as first choice.
 Methotrexate is also used but must be aware of immunosuppression.

28
Q
  1. Scoliosis treatment and goal
A

 Mild scoliosis might use nonsurgical treatment which includes electrical stimulation (TENS)
 More prominent scoliosis is treated with braces worn 23/24 hours of the day, worn over t-shirt to avoid irritation. (hygiene/shower)
 Surgical Treatment includes the use of rods, screws, hooks, and spinal fusion. Greater then 45% only
 Goals include minimizing the disruption of activities, preventing injury, and maintaining skin integrity and self-image.

29
Q
  1. Legg-Calve Perthes manifestations.
A

 Limp (sometimes painless)
 Stiffness
 Limited range of motion

VN 34 OB & Pedi (17 decks)

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