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Flashcards in Test 2 Deck (28)
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1
Q

The pituitary is considered what?

A

The “Master”gland

2
Q

Which hormone acts on bone to release calcium in the blood?

A

Parathormone

3
Q

Adrenal medulla secretes what?

A

epinephrine and norephienphrine

4
Q

which causative factor may be responsible for primary endocrine disorder??

A

hormone overproduction and severe infection

5
Q

a tumor of the pituitary is usually what?

A

benign pituitary adenoma (affects women more than men)

6
Q

local symptoms of pituitary adenoma?

A

headache from pressure of the tumor and visual disturbance.

7
Q

systemic symptoms of pituitary adenoma?

A

personality changes, weakness, fatigue, and vague abdominal pain

8
Q

nursing management for hypophysectomy (removal of pituitary gland)

A

Semi-fowler, closely monitor vital signs and neurologic status. note any vision change, mental status, LOC, strength. note any symptoms for diabetes indipidus. and nasal packing (dripping)

9
Q

Hyperfuction of pituitary gland (pathophysiolgy)

A

stress and pregnancy are other causes of increased hormone release. pituitary adenoma may increase of hormones.

10
Q

signs and symptoms of hyperfuction of the pituitary gland?

A

Gigantism in children, acromegaly in adults

11
Q

Treatment for hyperfunction of the pituitary gland?

A

removal of the pituitary adenoma

12
Q

Hypofunction of the pituitary gland (pathophysiology)

A

most common cause is a tumor, autoimmune disorder, infections or destruction of pituitary gland,
sheehan syndrome due to postpartum hemorrhage
decrease in growth hormone and gonadotropins

13
Q

signs and symptoms of hypofunction of the pituitary gland

A

with tumor: headaches, visual changes, anosmia, or seizures.
other symptoms depend on the hormone involved

14
Q

Treatment and nursing management for hypofunction of pituitary gland

A

hormone replacement, surgery and radiation, and teaching

15
Q

diabetes insipidus pathophysiology

A

Central DI: associated with brain tumors, head injury, neurosurgery, or central nervous system (CNS) infections
Nephrogenic DI: caused by drug therapy (lithium) or kidney disease
Dispogenic DI: caused by excessive water intake (sometimes associated with schizophrenia)

16
Q

S/S of DI

A

Diuresis, thirst, weakness and fatigue, often from nocturia, deficient fluid volume, signs of shock and CNS manifestations

17
Q

DI nursing management and treatment

A

Replacement of fluid and electrolytes
hormone therapy
early detection, maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, and patient education
baseline vital signs and weight are the accurately document and monitor throughout therapy
strict (hourly) intake and output monitoring are essential

18
Q

SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone)

A

excessive amounts of ADH are produces, resulting in fluid retention

19
Q

S/S of SIADH

A

confusion, seizure, LOC, weight gain, edema
hyponatremia, muscle cramps, and weakness,
diminished urine output

20
Q

SIADH treatment and nursing management

A

correct underlying cause
restrict fluid to 500 to 1000 mL
administer sodium chloride, diuretics and demeclocyline

21
Q

Goiter

A

greatly enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency or lack of thyroid hormone.

22
Q

S/S of goiter?

A

enlargement of the front of the neck

23
Q

Hyperthyroidism

A

primary: graves disease or toxic goiter

secondary hyperthyroidism

24
Q

S/S of hyperthyroidism

A

weight loss and nervousness

weakness, insomnia

25
Q

Graves Disease

A

immune disorder where the thyroid overproduces hormones. most common in women under 40

26
Q

Symptoms of graves disease

A

anxiety, hand tremors, heat sensitivity

27
Q

Hyperthyroidism treatment and nursing mangement

A

radioactive iodine and antithyroid drugs

mild sedatives and beta adrenergic blocking agent

28
Q

hypothyroidism

A

can be caused by inflammation of the thyroid or by treatment of hyperthyroidism