Test 2 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is an SLP?
Someone who diagnoses, prognoses, prescribes for or remediate speech and/or language disorder
➢ What is a comprehensive assessment?
o Get info about one’s background, history, skills, knowledge, perception and feelings
o Comprehensively understand one’s processes & abilities in language, speech, cognition, feeding, swallowing, voice, fluency, hearing, oral mechanism, phonological , metaphonological awareness
➢ What are the 2 categories of human health described by ICF?
o Health conditions: Body structure+ Activities+ Participation
o Contextual factors: Environmental+ Physical factors
➢ What are the 9 main impairments?
o Articulation i.e. Dysarthria
o Voice & resonance i.e. Vocal folds nodules
o Fluency i.e. Stuttering
o Receptive & Expressive language i.e. language based disability
o Hearing i.e. Sensorineural hearing loss
o Swallowing i.e. Dysphagia
o Cognitive aspects of communication
o Social aspects of communication i.e. autism
o Communication modalities i.e. AAC
➢ What are the components of the diagnostic process?
o Screening and referral o Designing assessment protocol o Administering assessment protocol o Interpreting assessment findings o Develop intervention plan o Monitor progress and treatments outcomes
➢ What is a norm-referenced test?
o Answers→how does a client compare to average?
o Standardized→ reliable from person to person, from tester to tester
o Helps focus and sharpen observational skills & decide if a problem exist (reliability & validity)
➢ What is a criterion-referenced test?
o Answers→ how does the client compares to an expected level of performance
o Can be standardized or not standardized
o Identifies one’s performance according to predefined criteria
➢ What is phonological evaluation?
- Obtaining speech samples:
Continuous speech sampled/ oral reading/ single words i.e. pictures & objects - production: spontaneous, direct imitation, delayed imitation
➢ Define phonetic
o Oral-motor/acoustic property of the sound itself
➢ Define phonemic
o Identifies sound within speech system, refers to phonemes (sounds of a language); contrast and signal semantic distinctiveness
➢ What is traditional articulation?
o One of the motor approach
o Problems due to placement error
o Sound by sound
•Assessment→SODA
•Intervention →articulation therapy➢ Phonemic treatment/ minimal pairs
Contrast the child’s error with the target sound to eliminate homonymy and establish phonemic contrast
- Perception (pictures –>stimulus cues)
- Phonetic production (placement)
- Minimal pairs ex: tea/sea
- Minimal pairs in context (carrier sentences)
➢ Phonological processing approach
o Descriptive approach which does not identify whether the process is phonetic or phonemic
o Targets sounds child uses on a consistent basis
o Treatment process to be generalized
ex:dripping sounds/flowing sounds
➢ Phonetic treatment approach/minimal pair
o Teaches the motor movement requisite to a particular sound using principles of motor skills learning
i.e. Stimulability (visual +audio= target sound)
➢ Representation based approach:
o Auditory perception+ phonetic practice+ phonemic contrast in client’s treatment
•Phoneme perception+ phonetic training: Stimulability
•Phonemic treatments+ minimal pairs: phonemic contrast
•Phonetic transfer: target sentences+ conversation+ narration
➢ Purposes of comprehensive communicative assessment
o Identify specific communication skills
o Guide intervention design
o Monitor growth and progress
o Qualify a person for special services
➢ Application of comprehensive communicative assessment
o Identify the presence and absence of a disorder
o Identify goals and strategies to meet
o Monitor progress toward therapy outcome
➢ Traditional articulation? (Hodson)
o Perceptual ear training→ identification+ Isolation+ Stimulation+ discrimination
o Production training→ increased length and complexity of response
➢ Traditional or Phonological?
o Traditional approaches(motor) focus on individual sound learning
Emphasis is on placement and sound production accuracy
o Phonological approaches(linguistic) focus on system-wide change
Emphasis is on generalization and system shifting
Sequencing of Therapy Targets
Task Mode
Imitation
Imitation + cues (1-5) 90% then fade the cues in the order they came (/i/+c2-5; /i/+c3-5;/i/+c4-5; /i/+c5, until the monokinestetic and tactile fade, and the cue is more verbal
Cue/prompt
Spontaneous
➢ Motor approach
Teaching how to physically make a sound. Therapy is based on the phonetic or physical aspect of sounds. Problems due to placement errors, Treated on sound-by-sound basis.
➢ Linguistic approach:
Client has partial/incomplete knowledge of the phonological system. Therapy needed to restructure phonological system.
